sqlite: add versions; restore old versions; variant resolves security issues. (#11336)

* Add versions 3.27.{0,1,2} and 3.28.0
* Add url_for_version: the URL format includes the year so this
  function maps version ranges to years
* Restore patches for versions removed in 84c547cf: this commit
  removed versions before 3.26.0 due to a security issue with FTS
  support. Add a +fts variant (default true) that enables FTS
  support along with a conflict for +fts with earlier versions.