diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index b74e25a7d09ceedc61a8ea105597bcfa32e18009..36baa25d2108648c464b68e33714edc153e04ade 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ add_library(${PROJECT_NAME}::${LIBNAME} ALIAS ${LIBNAME})
 target_include_directories(${LIBNAME}
   PUBLIC
     $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
+    $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include/hcana>
     $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}>
+    $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
     $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}>  # for hc_compiledata.h
   )
 
@@ -91,10 +93,12 @@ install(TARGETS ${LIBNAME}
 install(FILES ${allheaders} DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR})
 #install(DIRECTORY nlohmann DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR})
 
+install(DIRECTORY include/spdlog DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/hcana)
+
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # libHallCDict
 build_root_dictionary(${LIBNAME} ${headers}
-  INCLUDEDIRS -I${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} -I${Podd_DIR}/../../include
+  INCLUDEDIRS -I${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} -I${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include -I${Podd_DIR}/../../include
   TARGETS ${LIBNAME}
   LINKDEF include/HallC_LinkDef.h 
   )
diff --git a/src/Logger.h b/src/Logger.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..938e1248324d89e00040b72336bcfa74fe77b8ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Logger.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#ifndef hcana_Logger_hh
+#define hcana_Logger_hh
+
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h" //support for stdout logging
+#include "spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h" // support for basic file logging
+
+namespace hcana {
+
+  template <typename Base>
+  class ConfigLogging : public Base {
+  protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> _logger;
+  public:
+    template <class... Args>
+    ConfigLogging(Args&&... args) : Base(std::forward<Args>(args)...) {
+      _logger = spdlog::get("config");
+      if(!_logger) {
+        _logger = spdlog::stdout_color_mt("config");
+      }
+    }
+
+  };
+}
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.cxx b/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.cxx
index a6d13335d2af741cb70ae6af29ca730278a7e856..085dc3b4b5189b4fcb74e4d87b78f3fcefba1f5b 100644
--- a/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.cxx
+++ b/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.cxx
@@ -31,12 +31,20 @@
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <iomanip>
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h" //support for stdout logging
+#include "spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h" // support for basic file logging
 
 using namespace std;
 
 THcConfigEvtHandler::THcConfigEvtHandler(const char *name, const char* description)
   : THaEvtTypeHandler(name,description)
 {
+  //Create and return a shared_ptr to a multithreaded console logger.
+  _logger = spdlog::get("config");
+  if(!_logger) {
+    _logger = spdlog::stdout_color_mt("config");
+  }
 }
 
 THcConfigEvtHandler::~THcConfigEvtHandler()
@@ -353,7 +361,7 @@ void THcConfigEvtHandler::AddEventType(Int_t evtype)
 THaAnalysisObject::EStatus THcConfigEvtHandler::Init(const TDatime& date)
 {
 
-  cout << "Howdy !  We are initializing THcConfigEvtHandler !!   name =   "<<fName<<endl;
+  _logger->info("Howdy !  We are initializing THcConfigEvtHandler !!   name = {}",fName.Data());
 
   if(eventtypes.size()==0) {
     eventtypes.push_back(125);  // what events to look for
diff --git a/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.h b/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.h
index d72c7a1dadc551dd07100689fa4579a9f333a9fb..c366acb02a6cbdce479490b07dc2405238fe570d 100644
--- a/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.h
+++ b/src/THcConfigEvtHandler.h
@@ -15,7 +15,13 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include <map>
 
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h" //support for stdout logging
+#include "spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h" // support for basic file logging
+
 class THcConfigEvtHandler : public THaEvtTypeHandler {
+private:
+  std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> _logger;
 
 public:
 
diff --git a/src/THcDC.cxx b/src/THcDC.cxx
index 67a9039831a11de00efb5d40ac25fcd218186bf9..924c38d830da6ec15b1327cdf4f0dc4916ae656d 100644
--- a/src/THcDC.cxx
+++ b/src/THcDC.cxx
@@ -33,13 +33,18 @@ the number of parameters per plane.
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <iostream>
 
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h" //support for stdout logging
+#include "spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h" // support for basic file logging
+
+
 using namespace std;
 
 //_____________________________________________________________________________
 THcDC::THcDC(
  const char* name, const char* description,
 				  THaApparatus* apparatus ) :
-  THaTrackingDetector(name,description,apparatus)
+  hcana::ConfigLogging<THaTrackingDetector>(name,description,apparatus)
 {
   // Constructor
 
@@ -86,6 +91,12 @@ THcDC::THcDC(
 
   //The version defaults to 0 (old HMS style). 1 is new HMS style and 2 is SHMS style.
   fVersion = 0;
+
+  //Create and return a shared_ptr to a multithreaded console logger.
+  //_logger = spdlog::get("config");
+  //if(!_logger) {
+  //  _logger = spdlog::stdout_color_mt("config");
+  //}
 }
 
 //_____________________________________________________________________________
@@ -131,14 +142,18 @@ void THcDC::Setup(const char* name, const char* description)
     fHMSStyleChambers = 0;
   }
 
-
-  cout << "Plane Name List: " << planenamelist << endl;
-  cout << "Drift Chambers: " <<  fNPlanes << " planes in " << fNChambers << " chambers" << endl;
+  _logger->info("Plane Name List: {}", planenamelist);
+  _logger->info("Drift Chambers: {} planes in {} chambers", fNPlanes, fNChambers);
+  //cout << "Plane Name List: " << planenamelist << endl;
+  //cout << "Drift Chambers: " <<  fNPlanes << " planes in " << fNChambers << " chambers" << endl;
 
   vector<string> plane_names = vsplit(planenamelist);
 
   if(plane_names.size() != (UInt_t) fNPlanes) {
-    cout << "ERROR: Number of planes " << fNPlanes << " doesn't agree with number of plane names " << plane_names.size() << endl;
+    //cout << "ERROR: Number of planes " << fNPlanes << " doesn't agree with number of plane names " << plane_names.size() << endl;
+    _logger->error("ERROR: Number of planes {} doesn't agree with number of plane names {}",
+                   fNPlanes, plane_names.size());
+
     // Should quit.  Is there an official way to quit?
   }
   fPlaneNames = new char* [fNPlanes];
@@ -177,7 +192,8 @@ void THcDC::Setup(const char* name, const char* description)
     // Should construct a better chamber name
     THcDriftChamber* newchamber = new THcDriftChamber(desc1, desc, i+1, this);
     fChambers.push_back(newchamber);
-    cout << "Created Drift Chamber " << i+1 << ", " << desc1 << endl;
+    //cout << "Created Drift Chamber " << i+1 << ", " << desc1 << endl;
+    _logger->info("Created Drift Chamber {}, {}" , i+1 , desc1);
     newchamber->SetHMSStyleFlag(fHMSStyleChambers); // Tell the chamber its style
   }
   delete [] desc;
@@ -186,7 +202,7 @@ void THcDC::Setup(const char* name, const char* description)
 
 //_____________________________________________________________________________
 THcDC::THcDC( ) :
-  THaTrackingDetector()
+  hcana::ConfigLogging<THaTrackingDetector>()
 {
   // Constructor
 }
diff --git a/src/THcDC.h b/src/THcDC.h
index 80918fd04db076d448d23d98310e115080a13e55..7cc5269cd067dba5268b0a03e551284d1d12ccfa 100644
--- a/src/THcDC.h
+++ b/src/THcDC.h
@@ -15,12 +15,20 @@
 #include "THcDriftChamber.h"
 #include "TMath.h"
 
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h" //support for stdout logging
+#include "spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h" // support for basic file logging
+
+#include "Logger.h"
+
 #define NUM_FPRAY 4
 
 //class THaScCalib;
 class TClonesArray;
 
-class THcDC : public THaTrackingDetector, public THcHitList {
+class THcDC : public hcana::ConfigLogging<THaTrackingDetector>, public THcHitList {
+//private:
+//  std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> _logger;
 
 public:
   THcDC( const char* name, const char* description = "",
diff --git a/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.cxx b/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.cxx
index a9070e25f3e504baed2dd77fb690679b206beae5..571a31a1176eba3916d1bac5c7602845ad347d0c 100644
--- a/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.cxx
+++ b/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.cxx
@@ -117,6 +117,11 @@ THcHallCSpectrometer::THcHallCSpectrometer( const char* name, const char* descri
 
   SetTrSorting(kTRUE);
   eventtypes.clear();
+
+  _logger = spdlog::get("config");
+  if(!_logger) {
+    _logger = spdlog::stdout_color_mt("config");
+  }
 }
 
 //_____________________________________________________________________________
@@ -195,7 +200,7 @@ Int_t THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase( const TDatime& date )
   static const char* const here = "THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase";
 
 #ifdef WITH_DEBUG
-  cout << "In THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase()" << endl;
+  //cout << "In THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase()" << endl;
 #endif
 
   const char* detector_name = "hod";
@@ -301,7 +306,7 @@ Int_t THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase( const TDatime& date )
       
       fMispointing_y = 0.1*(-0.6);
       gHcParms->Define("pmispointing_y","SHMS Y-Mispointing", fMispointing_y);
-      cout << prefix[0] << " From Formula Mispointing_y = " << fMispointing_y << endl;
+      //cout << prefix[0] << " From Formula Mispointing_y = " << fMispointing_y << endl;
     }
     
   }
@@ -320,7 +325,7 @@ Int_t THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase( const TDatime& date )
       else {fMispointing_x = 0.1*(2.37-0.086*50+0.0012*50.*50.);}
       
       gHcParms->Define("hmispointing_x","HMS X-Mispointing", fMispointing_x);
-      cout << prefix[0] << " From Formula Mispointing_x = " << fMispointing_x << endl;
+      //cout << prefix[0] << " From Formula Mispointing_x = " << fMispointing_x << endl;
       
     }
     
@@ -329,14 +334,14 @@ Int_t THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase( const TDatime& date )
       fMispointing_x = 0.1*(-1.26);
       
       gHcParms->Define("pmispointing_x","SHMS X-Mispointing", fMispointing_x);
-      cout << prefix[0] << " From Formula Mispointing_x = " << fMispointing_x << endl;
+      //cout << prefix[0] << " From Formula Mispointing_x = " << fMispointing_x << endl;
       
     }
     
   }
   
   else {
-    cout << prefix[0] << " From Parameter Set Mispointing_x = " << fMispointing_x << endl;
+    //cout << prefix[0] << " From Parameter Set Mispointing_x = " << fMispointing_x << endl;
   }
   //
   
@@ -344,18 +349,18 @@ Int_t THcHallCSpectrometer::ReadDatabase( const TDatime& date )
   EnforcePruneLimits();
 
 #ifdef WITH_DEBUG
-  cout <<  "\n\n\nhodo planes = " <<  fNPlanes << endl;
-  cout <<  "sel using scin = "    <<  fSelUsingScin << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneXp = "          <<  fPruneXp << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneYp = "          <<  fPruneYp << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneYtar = "        <<  fPruneYtar << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneDelta = "       <<  fPruneDelta << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneBeta = "        <<  fPruneBeta << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneDf = "          <<  fPruneDf << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneChiBeta = "     <<  fPruneChiBeta << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneFpTime = "      <<  fPruneFpTime << endl;
-  cout <<  "fPruneNPMT = "        <<  fPruneNPMT << endl;
-  cout <<  "sel using prune = "   <<  fSelUsingPrune << endl;
+  //cout <<  "\n\n\nhodo planes = " <<  fNPlanes << endl;
+  //cout <<  "sel using scin = "    <<  fSelUsingScin << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneXp = "          <<  fPruneXp << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneYp = "          <<  fPruneYp << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneYtar = "        <<  fPruneYtar << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneDelta = "       <<  fPruneDelta << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneBeta = "        <<  fPruneBeta << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneDf = "          <<  fPruneDf << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneChiBeta = "     <<  fPruneChiBeta << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneFpTime = "      <<  fPruneFpTime << endl;
+  //cout <<  "fPruneNPMT = "        <<  fPruneNPMT << endl;
+  //cout <<  "sel using prune = "   <<  fSelUsingPrune << endl;
 #endif
   cout <<  "fPartMass = "         <<  fPartMass << endl;
   cout <<  "fPcentral = "         <<  fPcentral << " " <<fPCentralOffset << endl;
diff --git a/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.h b/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.h
index f92f81b7c14398e56a6da82a9740bd2e0aeab965..8074f9c5c2752d96250fb82f9500bf786748f707 100644
--- a/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.h
+++ b/src/THcHallCSpectrometer.h
@@ -30,10 +30,15 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <fstream>
 
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h" //support for stdout logging
+#include "spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h" // support for basic file logging
 
 //class THaScintillator;
 
 class THcHallCSpectrometer : public THaSpectrometer {
+private:
+  std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> _logger;
 
 public:
   THcHallCSpectrometer( const char* name, const char* description );
diff --git a/src/THcHodoscope.cxx b/src/THcHodoscope.cxx
index b9abbbe224268e7e062bdfb4b4b866e0ab44714d..15d70e9109f048708b767f00c652ef453c6b9a14 100644
--- a/src/THcHodoscope.cxx
+++ b/src/THcHodoscope.cxx
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ using std::vector;
 //_____________________________________________________________________________
 THcHodoscope::THcHodoscope( const char* name, const char* description,
 				  THaApparatus* apparatus ) :
-  THaNonTrackingDetector(name,description,apparatus)
+  hcana::ConfigLogging<THaNonTrackingDetector>(name,description,apparatus)
 {
   // Constructor
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ THcHodoscope::THcHodoscope( const char* name, const char* description,
 
 //_____________________________________________________________________________
 THcHodoscope::THcHodoscope( ) :
-  THaNonTrackingDetector()
+  hcana::ConfigLogging<THaNonTrackingDetector>()
 {
   // Constructor
 }
@@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ void THcHodoscope::Setup(const char* name, const char* description)
   fADC_RefTimeCut = 0;
   gHcParms->LoadParmValues((DBRequest*)&listextra,prefix);
 
-  cout << "Plane Name List : " << planenamelist << endl;
+  _logger->info("Plane Name List : {}" , planenamelist);
+  //cout << "Plane Name List : " << planenamelist << endl;
 
   vector<string> plane_names = vsplit(planenamelist);
   // Plane names
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ void THcHodoscope::Setup(const char* name, const char* description)
     strcat(desc, " Plane ");
     strcat(desc, fPlaneNames[i]);
     fPlanes[i] = new THcScintillatorPlane(fPlaneNames[i], desc, i+1, this); // Number planes starting from zero!!
-    cout << "Created Scintillator Plane " << fPlaneNames[i] << ", " << desc << endl;
+    //cout << "Created Scintillator Plane " << fPlaneNames[i] << ", " << desc << endl;
   }
 
   // Save the nominal particle mass
diff --git a/src/THcHodoscope.h b/src/THcHodoscope.h
index 217644c71ccc607f92b21efaba53758d04300f76..10e9861240827b41e5306d1827272dd3b587bf4f 100644
--- a/src/THcHodoscope.h
+++ b/src/THcHodoscope.h
@@ -31,10 +31,11 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <fstream>
 
+#include "Logger.h"
 
 class THaScCalib;
 
-class THcHodoscope : public THaNonTrackingDetector, public THcHitList {
+class THcHodoscope : public hcana::ConfigLogging<THaNonTrackingDetector>, public THcHitList {
 
 public:
   THcHodoscope( const char* name, const char* description = "",
diff --git a/src/THcScalerEvtHandler.cxx b/src/THcScalerEvtHandler.cxx
index c739f5eff3a2a346c9fbda2dfe1308ae971c90a1..8a741e878b44dbf21d0815565a8b1c8c50b17e1b 100644
--- a/src/THcScalerEvtHandler.cxx
+++ b/src/THcScalerEvtHandler.cxx
@@ -589,8 +589,8 @@ THaAnalysisObject::EStatus THcScalerEvtHandler::Init(const TDatime& date)
 
   fDelayedEvents.clear();
 
-  cout << "Howdy !  We are initializing THcScalerEvtHandler !!   name =   "
-        << fName << endl;
+  //cout << "Howdy !  We are initializing THcScalerEvtHandler !!   name =   "
+  //      << fName << endl;
 
   if(eventtypes.size()==0) {
     eventtypes.push_back(0);  // Default Event Type
diff --git a/src/THcShowerPlane.cxx b/src/THcShowerPlane.cxx
index f82ae9b7016458440cf8ad96d4b95e184d71384a..d4f723676cf61ec4349034f68f1b84f9015e49ba 100644
--- a/src/THcShowerPlane.cxx
+++ b/src/THcShowerPlane.cxx
@@ -358,9 +358,9 @@ Int_t THcShowerPlane::DefineVariables( EMode mode )
   gHcParms->Define(Form("%sstat_hitsum%d", fParent->GetPrefix(), fLayerNum),
 	 Form("Number of hits in calo. layer %d", fLayerNum), fTotStatNumHit);
 
-  cout << "THcShowerPlane::DefineVariables: registered counters "
-       << Form("%sstat_trksum%d",fParent->GetPrefix(),fLayerNum) << " and "
-       << Form("%sstat_hitsum%d",fParent->GetPrefix(),fLayerNum) << endl;
+  //cout << "THcShowerPlane::DefineVariables: registered counters "
+  //     << Form("%sstat_trksum%d",fParent->GetPrefix(),fLayerNum) << " and "
+  //     << Form("%sstat_hitsum%d",fParent->GetPrefix(),fLayerNum) << endl;
   //  getchar();
     
   RVarDef vars[] = {
diff --git a/src/THcTimeSyncEvtHandler.cxx b/src/THcTimeSyncEvtHandler.cxx
index 01757aeecc6141b706953c7cf267030750328223..0f81bbe3acee726378f30a28307d1e25910fb35d 100644
--- a/src/THcTimeSyncEvtHandler.cxx
+++ b/src/THcTimeSyncEvtHandler.cxx
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ void THcTimeSyncEvtHandler::AddExpectedOffset(Int_t roc, Int_t offset) {
 THaAnalysisObject::EStatus THcTimeSyncEvtHandler::Init(const TDatime& date)
 {
 
-  cout << "Howdy !  We are initializing THcTimeSyncEvtHandler !!   name =   "<<fName<<endl;
+  //cout << "Howdy !  We are initializing THcTimeSyncEvtHandler !!   name =   "<<fName<<endl;
 
   if(eventtypes.size()==0) {
     eventtypes.push_back(1);  // If no event types specified, 
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/async.h b/src/include/spdlog/async.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f70c4a3e7b285f02dc7151957bf67f96d8c39112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/async.h
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+//
+// Async logging using global thread pool
+// All loggers created here share same global thread pool.
+// Each log message is pushed to a queue along withe a shared pointer to the
+// logger.
+// If a logger deleted while having pending messages in the queue, it's actual
+// destruction will defer
+// until all its messages are processed by the thread pool.
+// This is because each message in the queue holds a shared_ptr to the
+// originating logger.
+
+#include "spdlog/async_logger.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/registry.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/thread_pool.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+
+namespace details {
+static const size_t default_async_q_size = 8192;
+}
+
+// async logger factory - creates async loggers backed with thread pool.
+// if a global thread pool doesn't already exist, create it with default queue
+// size of 8192 items and single thread.
+template<async_overflow_policy OverflowPolicy = async_overflow_policy::block>
+struct async_factory_impl
+{
+    template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
+    static std::shared_ptr<async_logger> create(const std::string &logger_name, SinkArgs &&... args)
+    {
+        auto &registry_inst = details::registry::instance();
+
+        // create global thread pool if not already exists..
+        std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex>(registry_inst.tp_mutex());
+        auto tp = registry_inst.get_tp();
+        if (tp == nullptr)
+        {
+            tp = std::make_shared<details::thread_pool>(details::default_async_q_size, 1);
+            registry_inst.set_tp(tp);
+        }
+
+        auto sink = std::make_shared<Sink>(std::forward<SinkArgs>(args)...);
+        auto new_logger = std::make_shared<async_logger>(logger_name, std::move(sink), std::move(tp), OverflowPolicy);
+        registry_inst.register_and_init(new_logger);
+        return new_logger;
+    }
+};
+
+using async_factory = async_factory_impl<async_overflow_policy::block>;
+using async_factory_nonblock = async_factory_impl<async_overflow_policy::overrun_oldest>;
+
+template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
+inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create_async(const std::string &logger_name, SinkArgs &&... sink_args)
+{
+    return async_factory::create<Sink>(logger_name, std::forward<SinkArgs>(sink_args)...);
+}
+
+template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
+inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create_async_nb(const std::string &logger_name, SinkArgs &&... sink_args)
+{
+    return async_factory_nonblock::create<Sink>(logger_name, std::forward<SinkArgs>(sink_args)...);
+}
+
+// set global thread pool.
+inline void init_thread_pool(size_t q_size, size_t thread_count)
+{
+    auto tp = std::make_shared<details::thread_pool>(q_size, thread_count);
+    details::registry::instance().set_tp(std::move(tp));
+}
+
+// get the global thread pool.
+inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::details::thread_pool> thread_pool()
+{
+    return details::registry::instance().get_tp();
+}
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/async_logger.h b/src/include/spdlog/async_logger.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2d58f98bb51ba9307ab23034a7c4b4020b48734e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/async_logger.h
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+// Very fast asynchronous logger (millions of logs per second on an average
+// desktop)
+// Uses pre allocated lockfree queue for maximum throughput even under large
+// number of threads.
+// Creates a single back thread to pop messages from the queue and log them.
+//
+// Upon each log write the logger:
+//    1. Checks if its log level is enough to log the message
+//    2. Push a new copy of the message to a queue (or block the caller until
+//    space is available in the queue)
+//    3. will throw spdlog_ex upon log exceptions
+// Upon destruction, logs all remaining messages in the queue before
+// destructing..
+
+#include "spdlog/common.h"
+#include "spdlog/logger.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+
+// Async overflow policy - block by default.
+enum class async_overflow_policy
+{
+    block,         // Block until message can be enqueued
+    overrun_oldest // Discard oldest message in the queue if full when trying to
+                   // add new item.
+};
+
+namespace details {
+class thread_pool;
+}
+
+class async_logger SPDLOG_FINAL : public std::enable_shared_from_this<async_logger>, public logger
+{
+    friend class details::thread_pool;
+
+public:
+    template<typename It>
+    async_logger(std::string logger_name, const It &begin, const It &end, std::weak_ptr<details::thread_pool> tp,
+        async_overflow_policy overflow_policy = async_overflow_policy::block);
+
+    async_logger(std::string logger_name, sinks_init_list sinks, std::weak_ptr<details::thread_pool> tp,
+        async_overflow_policy overflow_policy = async_overflow_policy::block);
+
+    async_logger(std::string logger_name, sink_ptr single_sink, std::weak_ptr<details::thread_pool> tp,
+        async_overflow_policy overflow_policy = async_overflow_policy::block);
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(details::log_msg &msg) override;
+    void flush_() override;
+
+    void backend_log_(details::log_msg &incoming_log_msg);
+    void backend_flush_();
+
+private:
+    std::weak_ptr<details::thread_pool> thread_pool_;
+    async_overflow_policy overflow_policy_;
+};
+} // namespace spdlog
+
+#include "details/async_logger_impl.h"
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/common.h b/src/include/spdlog/common.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b8d45175db91e2ca27456419890ed799b9f01a51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/tweakme.h"
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#if defined(SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES) || defined(SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT)
+#include <codecvt>
+#include <locale>
+#endif
+
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+
+// visual studio upto 2013 does not support noexcept nor constexpr
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER < 1900)
+#define SPDLOG_NOEXCEPT throw()
+#define SPDLOG_CONSTEXPR
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#define SPDLOG_CONSTEXPR constexpr
+#endif
+
+// final keyword support. On by default. See tweakme.h
+#if defined(SPDLOG_NO_FINAL)
+#define SPDLOG_FINAL
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_FINAL final
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#define SPDLOG_DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated))
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define SPDLOG_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_DEPRECATED
+#endif
+
+#include "spdlog/fmt/fmt.h"
+
+namespace spdlog {
+
+class formatter;
+
+namespace sinks {
+class sink;
+}
+
+using log_clock = std::chrono::system_clock;
+using sink_ptr = std::shared_ptr<sinks::sink>;
+using sinks_init_list = std::initializer_list<sink_ptr>;
+using log_err_handler = std::function<void(const std::string &err_msg)>;
+
+#if defined(SPDLOG_NO_ATOMIC_LEVELS)
+using level_t = details::null_atomic_int;
+#else
+using level_t = std::atomic<int>;
+#endif
+
+// Log level enum
+namespace level {
+enum level_enum
+{
+    trace = 0,
+    debug = 1,
+    info = 2,
+    warn = 3,
+    err = 4,
+    critical = 5,
+    off = 6
+};
+
+#if !defined(SPDLOG_LEVEL_NAMES)
+#define SPDLOG_LEVEL_NAMES                                                                                                                 \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        "trace", "debug", "info", "warning", "error", "critical", "off"                                                                    \
+    }
+#endif
+static const char *level_names[] SPDLOG_LEVEL_NAMES;
+
+static const char *short_level_names[]{"T", "D", "I", "W", "E", "C", "O"};
+
+inline const char *to_c_str(spdlog::level::level_enum l)
+{
+    return level_names[l];
+}
+
+inline const char *to_short_c_str(spdlog::level::level_enum l)
+{
+    return short_level_names[l];
+}
+inline spdlog::level::level_enum from_str(const std::string &name)
+{
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, level_enum> name_to_level = // map string->level
+        {{level_names[0], level::trace},                               // trace
+            {level_names[1], level::debug},                            // debug
+            {level_names[2], level::info},                             // info
+            {level_names[3], level::warn},                             // warn
+            {level_names[4], level::err},                              // err
+            {level_names[5], level::critical},                         // critical
+            {level_names[6], level::off}};                             // off
+
+    auto lvl_it = name_to_level.find(name);
+    return lvl_it != name_to_level.end() ? lvl_it->second : level::off;
+}
+
+using level_hasher = std::hash<int>;
+} // namespace level
+
+//
+// Pattern time - specific time getting to use for pattern_formatter.
+// local time by default
+//
+enum class pattern_time_type
+{
+    local, // log localtime
+    utc    // log utc
+};
+
+//
+// Log exception
+//
+class spdlog_ex : public std::runtime_error
+{
+public:
+    explicit spdlog_ex(const std::string &msg)
+        : runtime_error(msg)
+    {
+    }
+    spdlog_ex(std::string msg, int last_errno)
+        : runtime_error(std::move(msg))
+        , last_errno_(last_errno)
+    {
+    }
+    const char *what() const SPDLOG_NOEXCEPT override
+    {
+        if (last_errno_)
+        {
+            fmt::memory_buffer buf;
+            std::string msg(runtime_error::what());
+            fmt::format_system_error(buf, last_errno_, msg);
+            return fmt::to_string(buf).c_str();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return runtime_error::what();
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    int last_errno_{0};
+};
+
+//
+// wchar support for windows file names (SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES must be defined)
+//
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES)
+using filename_t = std::wstring;
+#else
+using filename_t = std::string;
+#endif
+
+#define SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE                                                                                                            \
+    catch (const std::exception &ex)                                                                                                       \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        err_handler_(ex.what());                                                                                                           \
+    }                                                                                                                                      \
+    catch (...)                                                                                                                            \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        err_handler_("Unknown exeption in logger");                                                                                        \
+    }
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/async_logger_impl.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/async_logger_impl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a42ade943add4ee9b6dc841f87db6aa3814facde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/async_logger_impl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+// async logger implementation
+// uses a thread pool to perform the actual logging
+
+#include "spdlog/details/thread_pool.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+template<typename It>
+inline spdlog::async_logger::async_logger(
+    std::string logger_name, const It &begin, const It &end, std::weak_ptr<details::thread_pool> tp, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy)
+    : logger(std::move(logger_name), begin, end)
+    , thread_pool_(tp)
+    , overflow_policy_(overflow_policy)
+{
+}
+
+inline spdlog::async_logger::async_logger(
+    std::string logger_name, sinks_init_list sinks_list, std::weak_ptr<details::thread_pool> tp, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy)
+    : async_logger(std::move(logger_name), sinks_list.begin(), sinks_list.end(), tp, overflow_policy)
+{
+}
+
+inline spdlog::async_logger::async_logger(
+    std::string logger_name, sink_ptr single_sink, std::weak_ptr<details::thread_pool> tp, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy)
+    : async_logger(std::move(logger_name), {single_sink}, tp, overflow_policy)
+{
+}
+
+// send the log message to the thread pool
+inline void spdlog::async_logger::sink_it_(details::log_msg &msg)
+{
+#if defined(SPDLOG_ENABLE_MESSAGE_COUNTER)
+    incr_msg_counter_(msg);
+#endif
+    if (auto pool_ptr = thread_pool_.lock())
+    {
+        pool_ptr->post_log(shared_from_this(), std::move(msg), overflow_policy_);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        throw spdlog_ex("async log: thread pool doens't exist anymore");
+    }
+}
+
+// send flush request to the thread pool
+inline void spdlog::async_logger::flush_()
+{
+    if (auto pool_ptr = thread_pool_.lock())
+    {
+        pool_ptr->post_flush(shared_from_this(), overflow_policy_);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        throw spdlog_ex("async flush: thread pool doesn't exist anymore");
+    }
+}
+
+//
+// backend functions - called from the thread pool to do the actual job
+//
+inline void spdlog::async_logger::backend_log_(details::log_msg &incoming_log_msg)
+{
+    try
+    {
+        for (auto &s : sinks_)
+        {
+            if (s->should_log(incoming_log_msg.level))
+            {
+                s->log(incoming_log_msg);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE
+
+    if (should_flush_(incoming_log_msg))
+    {
+        backend_flush_();
+    }
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::async_logger::backend_flush_()
+{
+    try
+    {
+        for (auto &sink : sinks_)
+        {
+            sink->flush();
+        }
+    }
+    SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE
+}
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/circular_q.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/circular_q.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..48f9a8fad531992555e55172f4b7555aabb7c6ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/circular_q.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+// cirucal q view of std::vector.
+#pragma once
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+template<typename T>
+class circular_q
+{
+public:
+    using item_type = T;
+
+    explicit circular_q(size_t max_items)
+        : max_items_(max_items + 1) // one item is reserved as marker for full q
+        , v_(max_items_)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // push back, overrun (oldest) item if no room left
+    void push_back(T &&item)
+    {
+        v_[tail_] = std::move(item);
+        tail_ = (tail_ + 1) % max_items_;
+
+        if (tail_ == head_) // overrun last item if full
+        {
+            head_ = (head_ + 1) % max_items_;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Pop item from front.
+    // If there are no elements in the container, the behavior is undefined.
+    void pop_front(T &popped_item)
+    {
+        popped_item = std::move(v_[head_]);
+        head_ = (head_ + 1) % max_items_;
+    }
+
+    bool empty()
+    {
+        return tail_ == head_;
+    }
+
+    bool full()
+    {
+        // head is ahead of the tail by 1
+        return ((tail_ + 1) % max_items_) == head_;
+    }
+
+private:
+    size_t max_items_;
+    typename std::vector<T>::size_type head_ = 0;
+    typename std::vector<T>::size_type tail_ = 0;
+
+    std::vector<T> v_;
+};
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/console_globals.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/console_globals.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..52de06a51b7d8e2c1522fe023b443e1417a326ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/console_globals.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#pragma once
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "stdio.h"
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+struct console_stdout
+{
+    static FILE *stream()
+    {
+        return stdout;
+    }
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    static HANDLE handle()
+    {
+        return ::GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+    }
+#endif
+};
+
+struct console_stderr
+{
+    static FILE *stream()
+    {
+        return stderr;
+    }
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    static HANDLE handle()
+    {
+        return ::GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
+    }
+#endif
+};
+
+struct console_mutex
+{
+    using mutex_t = std::mutex;
+    static mutex_t &mutex()
+    {
+        static mutex_t s_mutex;
+        return s_mutex;
+    }
+};
+
+struct console_nullmutex
+{
+    using mutex_t = null_mutex;
+    static mutex_t &mutex()
+    {
+        static mutex_t s_mutex;
+        return s_mutex;
+    }
+};
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/file_helper.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/file_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ef70d5618bc02bf46f18b6b0c0351f81ea559f37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/file_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+// Helper class for file sink
+// When failing to open a file, retry several times(5) with small delay between
+// the tries(10 ms)
+// Throw spdlog_ex exception on errors
+
+#include "../details/log_msg.h"
+#include "../details/os.h"
+
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <tuple>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+
+class file_helper
+{
+
+public:
+    const int open_tries = 5;
+    const int open_interval = 10;
+
+    explicit file_helper() = default;
+
+    file_helper(const file_helper &) = delete;
+    file_helper &operator=(const file_helper &) = delete;
+
+    ~file_helper()
+    {
+        close();
+    }
+
+    void open(const filename_t &fname, bool truncate = false)
+    {
+        close();
+        auto *mode = truncate ? SPDLOG_FILENAME_T("wb") : SPDLOG_FILENAME_T("ab");
+        _filename = fname;
+        for (int tries = 0; tries < open_tries; ++tries)
+        {
+            if (!os::fopen_s(&fd_, fname, mode))
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            details::os::sleep_for_millis(open_interval);
+        }
+
+        throw spdlog_ex("Failed opening file " + os::filename_to_str(_filename) + " for writing", errno);
+    }
+
+    void reopen(bool truncate)
+    {
+        if (_filename.empty())
+        {
+            throw spdlog_ex("Failed re opening file - was not opened before");
+        }
+        open(_filename, truncate);
+    }
+
+    void flush()
+    {
+        std::fflush(fd_);
+    }
+
+    void close()
+    {
+        if (fd_ != nullptr)
+        {
+            std::fclose(fd_);
+            fd_ = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void write(const fmt::memory_buffer &buf)
+    {
+        size_t msg_size = buf.size();
+        auto data = buf.data();
+        if (std::fwrite(data, 1, msg_size, fd_) != msg_size)
+        {
+            throw spdlog_ex("Failed writing to file " + os::filename_to_str(_filename), errno);
+        }
+    }
+
+    size_t size() const
+    {
+        if (fd_ == nullptr)
+        {
+            throw spdlog_ex("Cannot use size() on closed file " + os::filename_to_str(_filename));
+        }
+        return os::filesize(fd_);
+    }
+
+    const filename_t &filename() const
+    {
+        return _filename;
+    }
+
+    static bool file_exists(const filename_t &fname)
+    {
+        return os::file_exists(fname);
+    }
+
+    //
+    // return file path and its extension:
+    //
+    // "mylog.txt" => ("mylog", ".txt")
+    // "mylog" => ("mylog", "")
+    // "mylog." => ("mylog.", "")
+    // "/dir1/dir2/mylog.txt" => ("/dir1/dir2/mylog", ".txt")
+    //
+    // the starting dot in filenames is ignored (hidden files):
+    //
+    // ".mylog" => (".mylog". "")
+    // "my_folder/.mylog" => ("my_folder/.mylog", "")
+    // "my_folder/.mylog.txt" => ("my_folder/.mylog", ".txt")
+    static std::tuple<filename_t, filename_t> split_by_extenstion(const spdlog::filename_t &fname)
+    {
+        auto ext_index = fname.rfind('.');
+
+        // no valid extension found - return whole path and empty string as
+        // extension
+        if (ext_index == filename_t::npos || ext_index == 0 || ext_index == fname.size() - 1)
+        {
+            return std::make_tuple(fname, spdlog::filename_t());
+        }
+
+        // treat casese like "/etc/rc.d/somelogfile or "/abc/.hiddenfile"
+        auto folder_index = fname.rfind(details::os::folder_sep);
+        if (folder_index != fname.npos && folder_index >= ext_index - 1)
+        {
+            return std::make_tuple(fname, spdlog::filename_t());
+        }
+
+        // finally - return a valid base and extension tuple
+        return std::make_tuple(fname.substr(0, ext_index), fname.substr(ext_index));
+    }
+
+private:
+    FILE *fd_{nullptr};
+    filename_t _filename;
+};
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/fmt_helper.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/fmt_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0f67053926fa551ef48bda8440d5c8288a1e5b90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/fmt_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+//
+// Created by gabi on 6/15/18.
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "chrono"
+#include "spdlog/fmt/fmt.h"
+
+// Some fmt helpers to efficiently format and pad ints and strings
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+namespace fmt_helper {
+
+template<size_t Buffer_Size>
+inline void append_str(const std::string &str, fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size> &dest)
+{
+    auto *str_ptr = str.data();
+    dest.append(str_ptr, str_ptr + str.size());
+}
+
+template<size_t Buffer_Size>
+inline void append_c_str(const char *c_str, fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size> &dest)
+{
+    char ch;
+    while ((ch = *c_str) != '\0')
+    {
+        dest.push_back(ch);
+        ++c_str;
+    }
+}
+
+template<size_t Buffer_Size1, size_t Buffer_Size2>
+inline void append_buf(const fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size1> &buf, fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size2> &dest)
+{
+    auto *buf_ptr = buf.data();
+    dest.append(buf_ptr, buf_ptr + buf.size());
+}
+
+template<typename T, size_t Buffer_Size>
+inline void append_int(T n, fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size> &dest)
+{
+    fmt::format_int i(n);
+    dest.append(i.data(), i.data() + i.size());
+}
+
+template<size_t Buffer_Size>
+inline void pad2(int n, fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size> &dest)
+{
+    if (n > 99)
+    {
+        append_int(n, dest);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (n > 9) // 10-99
+    {
+        dest.push_back('0' + static_cast<char>(n / 10));
+        dest.push_back('0' + static_cast<char>(n % 10));
+        return;
+    }
+    if (n >= 0) // 0-9
+    {
+        dest.push_back('0');
+        dest.push_back('0' + static_cast<char>(n));
+        return;
+    }
+    // negatives (unlikely, but just in case, let fmt deal with it)
+    fmt::format_to(dest, "{:02}", n);
+}
+
+template<size_t Buffer_Size>
+inline void pad3(int n, fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size> &dest)
+{
+    if (n > 999)
+    {
+        append_int(n, dest);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (n > 99) // 100-999
+    {
+        append_int(n / 100, dest);
+        pad2(n % 100, dest);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (n > 9) // 10-99
+    {
+        dest.push_back('0');
+        dest.push_back('0' + static_cast<char>(n / 10));
+        dest.push_back('0' + static_cast<char>(n % 10));
+        return;
+    }
+    if (n >= 0)
+    {
+        dest.push_back('0');
+        dest.push_back('0');
+        dest.push_back('0' + static_cast<char>(n));
+        return;
+    }
+    // negatives (unlikely, but just in case let fmt deal with it)
+    fmt::format_to(dest, "{:03}", n);
+}
+
+template<size_t Buffer_Size>
+inline void pad6(size_t n, fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, Buffer_Size> &dest)
+{
+    if (n > 99999)
+    {
+        append_int(n, dest);
+        return;
+    }
+    pad3(static_cast<int>(n / 1000), dest);
+    pad3(static_cast<int>(n % 1000), dest);
+}
+
+// return fraction of a second of the given time_point.
+// e.g.
+// fraction<std::milliseconds>(tp) -> will return the millis part of the second
+template<typename ToDuration>
+inline ToDuration time_fraction(const log_clock::time_point &tp)
+{
+    using namespace std::chrono;
+    auto duration = tp.time_since_epoch();
+    auto secs = duration_cast<seconds>(duration);
+    return duration_cast<ToDuration>(duration) - duration_cast<ToDuration>(secs);
+}
+
+} // namespace fmt_helper
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/log_msg.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/log_msg.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ce988e4f33fb43f8ea9e08d141760e806ef595eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/log_msg.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/common.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/os.h"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+struct log_msg
+{
+    log_msg() = default;
+    log_msg(const std::string *loggers_name, level::level_enum lvl)
+        : logger_name(loggers_name)
+        , level(lvl)
+    {
+#ifndef SPDLOG_NO_DATETIME
+        time = os::now();
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SPDLOG_NO_THREAD_ID
+        thread_id = os::thread_id();
+#endif
+    }
+
+    log_msg(const log_msg &other) = delete;
+    log_msg(log_msg &&other) = delete;
+    log_msg &operator=(log_msg &&other) = delete;
+
+    const std::string *logger_name{nullptr};
+    level::level_enum level;
+    log_clock::time_point time;
+    size_t thread_id;
+    fmt::memory_buffer raw;
+    size_t msg_id{0};
+    // info about wrapping the formatted text with color
+    mutable size_t color_range_start{0};
+    mutable size_t color_range_end{0};
+};
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/logger_impl.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/logger_impl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a7c5b6bf1c9759021d1bb51c802def0c03255f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/logger_impl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+// create logger with given name, sinks and the default pattern formatter
+// all other ctors will call this one
+template<typename It>
+inline spdlog::logger::logger(std::string logger_name, const It &begin, const It &end)
+    : name_(std::move(logger_name))
+    , sinks_(begin, end)
+    , level_(level::info)
+    , flush_level_(level::off)
+    , last_err_time_(0)
+    , msg_counter_(1) // message counter will start from 1. 0-message id will be
+                      // reserved for controll messages
+{
+    err_handler_ = [this](const std::string &msg) { this->default_err_handler_(msg); };
+}
+
+// ctor with sinks as init list
+inline spdlog::logger::logger(std::string logger_name, sinks_init_list sinks_list)
+    : logger(std::move(logger_name), sinks_list.begin(), sinks_list.end())
+{
+}
+
+// ctor with single sink
+inline spdlog::logger::logger(std::string logger_name, spdlog::sink_ptr single_sink)
+    : logger(std::move(logger_name), {std::move(single_sink)})
+{
+}
+
+inline spdlog::logger::~logger() = default;
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> f)
+{
+    for (auto &sink : sinks_)
+    {
+        sink->set_formatter(f->clone());
+    }
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::set_pattern(std::string pattern, pattern_time_type time_type)
+{
+    set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter>(new pattern_formatter(std::move(pattern), time_type)));
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::log(level::level_enum lvl, const char *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    if (!should_log(lvl))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    try
+    {
+        details::log_msg log_msg(&name_, lvl);
+        fmt::format_to(log_msg.raw, fmt, args...);
+        sink_it_(log_msg);
+    }
+    SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::log(level::level_enum lvl, const char *msg)
+{
+    if (!should_log(lvl))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    try
+    {
+        details::log_msg log_msg(&name_, lvl);
+        fmt::format_to(log_msg.raw, "{}", msg);
+        sink_it_(log_msg);
+    }
+    SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline void spdlog::logger::log(level::level_enum lvl, const T &msg)
+{
+    if (!should_log(lvl))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    try
+    {
+        details::log_msg log_msg(&name_, lvl);
+        fmt::format_to(log_msg.raw, "{}", msg);
+        sink_it_(log_msg);
+    }
+    SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::trace(const char *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::trace, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::debug(const char *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::debug, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::info(const char *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::info, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::warn(const char *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::warn, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::error(const char *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::err, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::critical(const char *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::critical, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline void spdlog::logger::trace(const T &msg)
+{
+    log(level::trace, msg);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline void spdlog::logger::debug(const T &msg)
+{
+    log(level::debug, msg);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline void spdlog::logger::info(const T &msg)
+{
+    log(level::info, msg);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline void spdlog::logger::warn(const T &msg)
+{
+    log(level::warn, msg);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline void spdlog::logger::error(const T &msg)
+{
+    log(level::err, msg);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline void spdlog::logger::critical(const T &msg)
+{
+    log(level::critical, msg);
+}
+
+#ifdef SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::log(level::level_enum lvl, const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    if (!should_log(lvl))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    decltype(wstring_converter_)::byte_string utf8_string;
+
+    try
+    {
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(wstring_converter_mutex_);
+            utf8_string = wstring_converter_.to_bytes(fmt);
+        }
+        log(lvl, utf8_string.c_str(), args...);
+    }
+    SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::trace(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::trace, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::debug(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::debug, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::info(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::info, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::warn(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::warn, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::error(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::err, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void spdlog::logger::critical(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args)
+{
+    log(level::critical, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+#endif // SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
+
+//
+// name and level
+//
+inline const std::string &spdlog::logger::name() const
+{
+    return name_;
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::set_level(spdlog::level::level_enum log_level)
+{
+    level_.store(log_level);
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::set_error_handler(spdlog::log_err_handler err_handler)
+{
+    err_handler_ = std::move(err_handler);
+}
+
+inline spdlog::log_err_handler spdlog::logger::error_handler()
+{
+    return err_handler_;
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::flush()
+{
+    try
+    {
+        flush_();
+    }
+    SPDLOG_CATCH_AND_HANDLE
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::flush_on(level::level_enum log_level)
+{
+    flush_level_.store(log_level);
+}
+
+inline bool spdlog::logger::should_flush_(const details::log_msg &msg)
+{
+    auto flush_level = flush_level_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    return (msg.level >= flush_level) && (msg.level != level::off);
+}
+
+inline spdlog::level::level_enum spdlog::logger::level() const
+{
+    return static_cast<spdlog::level::level_enum>(level_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
+}
+
+inline bool spdlog::logger::should_log(spdlog::level::level_enum msg_level) const
+{
+    return msg_level >= level_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+}
+
+//
+// protected virtual called at end of each user log call (if enabled) by the
+// line_logger
+//
+inline void spdlog::logger::sink_it_(details::log_msg &msg)
+{
+#if defined(SPDLOG_ENABLE_MESSAGE_COUNTER)
+    incr_msg_counter_(msg);
+#endif
+    for (auto &sink : sinks_)
+    {
+        if (sink->should_log(msg.level))
+        {
+            sink->log(msg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (should_flush_(msg))
+    {
+        flush();
+    }
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::flush_()
+{
+    for (auto &sink : sinks_)
+    {
+        sink->flush();
+    }
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::default_err_handler_(const std::string &msg)
+{
+    auto now = time(nullptr);
+    if (now - last_err_time_ < 60)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    last_err_time_ = now;
+    auto tm_time = details::os::localtime(now);
+    char date_buf[100];
+    std::strftime(date_buf, sizeof(date_buf), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", &tm_time);
+    fmt::print(stderr, "[*** LOG ERROR ***] [{}] [{}] {}\n", date_buf, name(), msg);
+}
+
+inline void spdlog::logger::incr_msg_counter_(details::log_msg &msg)
+{
+    msg.msg_id = msg_counter_.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+}
+
+inline const std::vector<spdlog::sink_ptr> &spdlog::logger::sinks() const
+{
+    return sinks_;
+}
+
+inline std::vector<spdlog::sink_ptr> &spdlog::logger::sinks()
+{
+    return sinks_;
+}
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/mpmc_blocking_q.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/mpmc_blocking_q.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d607da2c38170a2238b0a7235d1448ae14ef3d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/mpmc_blocking_q.h
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#pragma once
+
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+// multi producer-multi consumer blocking queue.
+// enqueue(..) - will block until room found to put the new message.
+// enqueue_nowait(..) - will return immediately with false if no room left in
+// the queue.
+// dequeue_for(..) - will block until the queue is not empty or timeout have
+// passed.
+
+#include "spdlog/details/circular_q.h"
+
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+
+template<typename T>
+class mpmc_blocking_queue
+{
+public:
+    using item_type = T;
+    explicit mpmc_blocking_queue(size_t max_items)
+        : q_(max_items)
+    {
+    }
+
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+    // try to enqueue and block if no room left
+    void enqueue(T &&item)
+    {
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex_);
+            pop_cv_.wait(lock, [this] { return !this->q_.full(); });
+            q_.push_back(std::move(item));
+        }
+        push_cv_.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    // enqueue immediately. overrun oldest message in the queue if no room left.
+    void enqueue_nowait(T &&item)
+    {
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex_);
+            q_.push_back(std::move(item));
+        }
+        push_cv_.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    // try to dequeue item. if no item found. wait upto timeout and try again
+    // Return true, if succeeded dequeue item, false otherwise
+    bool dequeue_for(T &popped_item, std::chrono::milliseconds wait_duration)
+    {
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex_);
+            if (!push_cv_.wait_for(lock, wait_duration, [this] { return !this->q_.empty(); }))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+            q_.pop_front(popped_item);
+        }
+        pop_cv_.notify_one();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+#else
+    // apparently mingw deadlocks if the mutex is released before cv.notify_one(),
+    // so release the mutex at the very end each function.
+
+    // try to enqueue and block if no room left
+    void enqueue(T &&item)
+    {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex_);
+        pop_cv_.wait(lock, [this] { return !this->q_.full(); });
+        q_.push_back(std::move(item));
+        push_cv_.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    // enqueue immediately. overrun oldest message in the queue if no room left.
+    void enqueue_nowait(T &&item)
+    {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex_);
+        q_.push_back(std::move(item));
+        push_cv_.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    // try to dequeue item. if no item found. wait upto timeout and try again
+    // Return true, if succeeded dequeue item, false otherwise
+    bool dequeue_for(T &popped_item, std::chrono::milliseconds wait_duration)
+    {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(queue_mutex_);
+        if (!push_cv_.wait_for(lock, wait_duration, [this] { return !this->q_.empty(); }))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        q_.pop_front(popped_item);
+        pop_cv_.notify_one();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+#endif
+
+private:
+    std::mutex queue_mutex_;
+    std::condition_variable push_cv_;
+    std::condition_variable pop_cv_;
+    spdlog::details::circular_q<T> q_;
+};
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/null_mutex.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/null_mutex.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3f495bd98a36ad48174a0e0e51acf73f670d9952
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/null_mutex.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <atomic>
+// null, no cost dummy "mutex" and dummy "atomic" int
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+struct null_mutex
+{
+    void lock() {}
+    void unlock() {}
+    bool try_lock()
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+};
+
+struct null_atomic_int
+{
+    int value;
+    null_atomic_int() = default;
+
+    explicit null_atomic_int(int val)
+        : value(val)
+    {
+    }
+
+    int load(std::memory_order) const
+    {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    void store(int val)
+    {
+        value = val;
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/os.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/os.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d7f7430ff075ae16b97da8e3779ace79b00b21d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/os.h
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../common.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <functional>
+#include <string>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <thread>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#define NOMINMAX // prevent windows redefining min/max
+#endif
+
+#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#endif
+#include <io.h>      // _get_osfhandle and _isatty support
+#include <process.h> //  _get_pid support
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+#include <share.h>
+#endif
+
+#else // unix
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <sys/syscall.h> //Use gettid() syscall under linux to get thread id
+
+#elif __FreeBSD__
+#include <sys/thr.h> //Use thr_self() syscall under FreeBSD to get thread id
+#endif
+
+#endif // unix
+
+#ifndef __has_feature      // Clang - feature checking macros.
+#define __has_feature(x) 0 // Compatibility with non-clang compilers.
+#endif
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+namespace os {
+
+inline spdlog::log_clock::time_point now()
+{
+
+#if defined __linux__ && defined SPDLOG_CLOCK_COARSE
+    timespec ts;
+    ::clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE, &ts);
+    return std::chrono::time_point<log_clock, typename log_clock::duration>(
+        std::chrono::duration_cast<typename log_clock::duration>(std::chrono::seconds(ts.tv_sec) + std::chrono::nanoseconds(ts.tv_nsec)));
+
+#else
+    return log_clock::now();
+#endif
+}
+inline std::tm localtime(const std::time_t &time_tt)
+{
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    std::tm tm;
+    localtime_s(&tm, &time_tt);
+#else
+    std::tm tm;
+    localtime_r(&time_tt, &tm);
+#endif
+    return tm;
+}
+
+inline std::tm localtime()
+{
+    std::time_t now_t = time(nullptr);
+    return localtime(now_t);
+}
+
+inline std::tm gmtime(const std::time_t &time_tt)
+{
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    std::tm tm;
+    gmtime_s(&tm, &time_tt);
+#else
+    std::tm tm;
+    gmtime_r(&time_tt, &tm);
+#endif
+    return tm;
+}
+
+inline std::tm gmtime()
+{
+    std::time_t now_t = time(nullptr);
+    return gmtime(now_t);
+}
+inline bool operator==(const std::tm &tm1, const std::tm &tm2)
+{
+    return (tm1.tm_sec == tm2.tm_sec && tm1.tm_min == tm2.tm_min && tm1.tm_hour == tm2.tm_hour && tm1.tm_mday == tm2.tm_mday &&
+            tm1.tm_mon == tm2.tm_mon && tm1.tm_year == tm2.tm_year && tm1.tm_isdst == tm2.tm_isdst);
+}
+
+inline bool operator!=(const std::tm &tm1, const std::tm &tm2)
+{
+    return !(tm1 == tm2);
+}
+
+// eol definition
+#if !defined(SPDLOG_EOL)
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define SPDLOG_EOL "\r\n"
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_EOL "\n"
+#endif
+#endif
+
+SPDLOG_CONSTEXPR static const char *default_eol = SPDLOG_EOL;
+
+// folder separator
+#ifdef _WIN32
+SPDLOG_CONSTEXPR static const char folder_sep = '\\';
+#else
+SPDLOG_CONSTEXPR static const char folder_sep = '/';
+#endif
+
+inline void prevent_child_fd(FILE *f)
+{
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#if !defined(__cplusplus_winrt)
+    auto file_handle = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(_fileno(f));
+    if (!::SetHandleInformation(file_handle, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0))
+        throw spdlog_ex("SetHandleInformation failed", errno);
+#endif
+#else
+    auto fd = fileno(f);
+    if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1)
+    {
+        throw spdlog_ex("fcntl with FD_CLOEXEC failed", errno);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+// fopen_s on non windows for writing
+inline bool fopen_s(FILE **fp, const filename_t &filename, const filename_t &mode)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifdef SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES
+    *fp = _wfsopen((filename.c_str()), mode.c_str(), _SH_DENYWR);
+#else
+    *fp = _fsopen((filename.c_str()), mode.c_str(), _SH_DENYWR);
+#endif
+#else // unix
+    *fp = fopen((filename.c_str()), mode.c_str());
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SPDLOG_PREVENT_CHILD_FD
+    if (*fp != nullptr)
+    {
+        prevent_child_fd(*fp);
+    }
+#endif
+    return *fp == nullptr;
+}
+
+inline int remove(const filename_t &filename)
+{
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES)
+    return _wremove(filename.c_str());
+#else
+    return std::remove(filename.c_str());
+#endif
+}
+
+inline int rename(const filename_t &filename1, const filename_t &filename2)
+{
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES)
+    return _wrename(filename1.c_str(), filename2.c_str());
+#else
+    return std::rename(filename1.c_str(), filename2.c_str());
+#endif
+}
+
+// Return if file exists
+inline bool file_exists(const filename_t &filename)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifdef SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES
+    auto attribs = GetFileAttributesW(filename.c_str());
+#else
+    auto attribs = GetFileAttributesA(filename.c_str());
+#endif
+    return (attribs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && !(attribs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY));
+#else // common linux/unix all have the stat system call
+    struct stat buffer;
+    return (stat(filename.c_str(), &buffer) == 0);
+#endif
+}
+
+// Return file size according to open FILE* object
+inline size_t filesize(FILE *f)
+{
+    if (f == nullptr)
+    {
+        throw spdlog_ex("Failed getting file size. fd is null");
+    }
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
+    int fd = _fileno(f);
+#if _WIN64 // 64 bits
+    struct _stat64 st;
+    if (_fstat64(fd, &st) == 0)
+    {
+        return st.st_size;
+    }
+
+#else // windows 32 bits
+    long ret = _filelength(fd);
+    if (ret >= 0)
+    {
+        return static_cast<size_t>(ret);
+    }
+#endif
+
+#else // unix
+    int fd = fileno(f);
+// 64 bits(but not in osx or cygwin, where fstat64 is deprecated)
+#if !defined(__FreeBSD__) && !defined(__APPLE__) && (defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__ppc64__)) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
+    struct stat64 st;
+    if (fstat64(fd, &st) == 0)
+    {
+        return static_cast<size_t>(st.st_size);
+    }
+#else // unix 32 bits or cygwin
+    struct stat st;
+
+    if (fstat(fd, &st) == 0)
+    {
+        return static_cast<size_t>(st.st_size);
+    }
+#endif
+#endif
+    throw spdlog_ex("Failed getting file size from fd", errno);
+}
+
+// Return utc offset in minutes or throw spdlog_ex on failure
+inline int utc_minutes_offset(const std::tm &tm = details::os::localtime())
+{
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#if _WIN32_WINNT < _WIN32_WINNT_WS08
+    TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION tzinfo;
+    auto rv = GetTimeZoneInformation(&tzinfo);
+#else
+    DYNAMIC_TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION tzinfo;
+    auto rv = GetDynamicTimeZoneInformation(&tzinfo);
+#endif
+    if (rv == TIME_ZONE_ID_INVALID)
+        throw spdlog::spdlog_ex("Failed getting timezone info. ", errno);
+
+    int offset = -tzinfo.Bias;
+    if (tm.tm_isdst)
+    {
+        offset -= tzinfo.DaylightBias;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        offset -= tzinfo.StandardBias;
+    }
+    return offset;
+#else
+
+#if defined(sun) || defined(__sun) || defined(_AIX)
+    // 'tm_gmtoff' field is BSD extension and it's missing on SunOS/Solaris
+    struct helper
+    {
+        static long int calculate_gmt_offset(const std::tm &localtm = details::os::localtime(), const std::tm &gmtm = details::os::gmtime())
+        {
+            int local_year = localtm.tm_year + (1900 - 1);
+            int gmt_year = gmtm.tm_year + (1900 - 1);
+
+            long int days = (
+                // difference in day of year
+                localtm.tm_yday -
+                gmtm.tm_yday
+
+                // + intervening leap days
+                + ((local_year >> 2) - (gmt_year >> 2)) - (local_year / 100 - gmt_year / 100) +
+                ((local_year / 100 >> 2) - (gmt_year / 100 >> 2))
+
+                // + difference in years * 365 */
+                + (long int)(local_year - gmt_year) * 365);
+
+            long int hours = (24 * days) + (localtm.tm_hour - gmtm.tm_hour);
+            long int mins = (60 * hours) + (localtm.tm_min - gmtm.tm_min);
+            long int secs = (60 * mins) + (localtm.tm_sec - gmtm.tm_sec);
+
+            return secs;
+        }
+    };
+
+    auto offset_seconds = helper::calculate_gmt_offset(tm);
+#else
+    auto offset_seconds = tm.tm_gmtoff;
+#endif
+
+    return static_cast<int>(offset_seconds / 60);
+#endif
+}
+
+// Return current thread id as size_t
+// It exists because the std::this_thread::get_id() is much slower(especially
+// under VS 2013)
+inline size_t _thread_id()
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    return static_cast<size_t>(::GetCurrentThreadId());
+#elif __linux__
+#if defined(__ANDROID__) && defined(__ANDROID_API__) && (__ANDROID_API__ < 21)
+#define SYS_gettid __NR_gettid
+#endif
+    return static_cast<size_t>(syscall(SYS_gettid));
+#elif __FreeBSD__
+    long tid;
+    thr_self(&tid);
+    return static_cast<size_t>(tid);
+#elif __APPLE__
+    uint64_t tid;
+    pthread_threadid_np(nullptr, &tid);
+    return static_cast<size_t>(tid);
+#else // Default to standard C++11 (other Unix)
+    return static_cast<size_t>(std::hash<std::thread::id>()(std::this_thread::get_id()));
+#endif
+}
+
+// Return current thread id as size_t (from thread local storage)
+inline size_t thread_id()
+{
+#if defined(SPDLOG_DISABLE_TID_CACHING) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER < 1900)) || defined(__cplusplus_winrt) ||                       \
+    (defined(__clang__) && !__has_feature(cxx_thread_local))
+    return _thread_id();
+#else // cache thread id in tls
+    static thread_local const size_t tid = _thread_id();
+    return tid;
+#endif
+}
+
+// This is avoid msvc issue in sleep_for that happens if the clock changes.
+// See https://github.com/gabime/spdlog/issues/609
+inline void sleep_for_millis(int milliseconds)
+{
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+    ::Sleep(milliseconds);
+#else
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(milliseconds));
+#endif
+}
+
+// wchar support for windows file names (SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES must be defined)
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES)
+#define SPDLOG_FILENAME_T(s) L##s
+inline std::string filename_to_str(const filename_t &filename)
+{
+    std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>, wchar_t> c;
+    return c.to_bytes(filename);
+}
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_FILENAME_T(s) s
+inline std::string filename_to_str(const filename_t &filename)
+{
+    return filename;
+}
+#endif
+
+inline int pid()
+{
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    return static_cast<int>(::GetCurrentProcessId());
+#else
+    return static_cast<int>(::getpid());
+#endif
+}
+
+// Determine if the terminal supports colors
+// Source: https://github.com/agauniyal/rang/
+inline bool is_color_terminal()
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    return true;
+#else
+    static constexpr const char *Terms[] = {
+        "ansi", "color", "console", "cygwin", "gnome", "konsole", "kterm", "linux", "msys", "putty", "rxvt", "screen", "vt100", "xterm"};
+
+    const char *env_p = std::getenv("TERM");
+    if (env_p == nullptr)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static const bool result =
+        std::any_of(std::begin(Terms), std::end(Terms), [&](const char *term) { return std::strstr(env_p, term) != nullptr; });
+    return result;
+#endif
+}
+
+// Detrmine if the terminal attached
+// Source: https://github.com/agauniyal/rang/
+inline bool in_terminal(FILE *file)
+{
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    return _isatty(_fileno(file)) != 0;
+#else
+    return isatty(fileno(file)) != 0;
+#endif
+}
+} // namespace os
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/pattern_formatter.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/pattern_formatter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..765f93056fd4b095d09b44edc9b59af06ca2ea57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/pattern_formatter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,772 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/fmt_helper.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/log_msg.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/os.h"
+#include "spdlog/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "spdlog/formatter.h"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+
+class flag_formatter
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~flag_formatter() = default;
+    virtual void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) = 0;
+};
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// name & level pattern appenders
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+class name_formatter : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_str(*msg.logger_name, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// log level appender
+class level_formatter : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(level::to_c_str(msg.level), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// short log level appender
+class short_level_formatter : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(level::to_short_c_str(msg.level), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Date time pattern appenders
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+static const char *ampm(const tm &t)
+{
+    return t.tm_hour >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM";
+}
+
+static unsigned int to12h(const tm &t)
+{
+    return t.tm_hour > 12 ? t.tm_hour - 12 : t.tm_hour;
+}
+
+// Abbreviated weekday name
+static const char *days[]{"Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"};
+class a_formatter : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(days[tm_time.tm_wday], dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// Full weekday name
+static const char *full_days[]{"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
+class A_formatter : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(full_days[tm_time.tm_wday], dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// Abbreviated month
+static const char *months[]{"Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sept", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"};
+class b_formatter : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(months[tm_time.tm_mon], dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// Full month name
+static const char *full_months[]{
+    "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"};
+class B_formatter : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(full_months[tm_time.tm_mon], dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// Date and time representation (Thu Aug 23 15:35:46 2014)
+class c_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        // fmt::format_to(dest, "{} {} {} ", days[tm_time.tm_wday],
+        // months[tm_time.tm_mon], tm_time.tm_mday);
+        // date
+        fmt_helper::append_str(days[tm_time.tm_wday], dest);
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+        fmt_helper::append_str(months[tm_time.tm_mon], dest);
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+        fmt_helper::append_int(tm_time.tm_mday, dest);
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+        // time
+
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_hour, dest);
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_min, dest);
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_sec, dest);
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+        fmt_helper::append_int(tm_time.tm_year + 1900, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// year - 2 digit
+class C_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_year % 100, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// Short MM/DD/YY date, equivalent to %m/%d/%y 08/23/01
+class D_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_mon + 1, dest);
+        dest.push_back('/');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_mday, dest);
+        dest.push_back('/');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_year % 100, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// year - 4 digit
+class Y_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_int(tm_time.tm_year + 1900, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// month 1-12
+class m_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_mon + 1, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// day of month 1-31
+class d_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_mday, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// hours in 24 format 0-23
+class H_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_hour, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// hours in 12 format 1-12
+class I_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(to12h(tm_time), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// minutes 0-59
+class M_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_min, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// seconds 0-59
+class S_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_sec, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// milliseconds
+class e_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        auto millis = fmt_helper::time_fraction<std::chrono::milliseconds>(msg.time);
+        fmt_helper::pad3(static_cast<int>(millis.count()), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// microseconds
+class f_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        auto micros = fmt_helper::time_fraction<std::chrono::microseconds>(msg.time);
+        fmt_helper::pad6(static_cast<int>(micros.count()), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// nanoseconds
+class F_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        auto ns = fmt_helper::time_fraction<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(msg.time);
+        fmt::format_to(dest, "{:09}", ns.count());
+    }
+};
+
+// seconds since epoch
+class E_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        auto duration = msg.time.time_since_epoch();
+        auto seconds = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(duration).count();
+        fmt_helper::append_int(seconds, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// AM/PM
+class p_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(ampm(tm_time), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// 12 hour clock 02:55:02 pm
+class r_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(to12h(tm_time), dest);
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_min, dest);
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_sec, dest);
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(ampm(tm_time), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// 24-hour HH:MM time, equivalent to %H:%M
+class R_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_hour, dest);
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_min, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// ISO 8601 time format (HH:MM:SS), equivalent to %H:%M:%S
+class T_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        // fmt::format_to(dest, "{:02}:{:02}:{:02}", tm_time.tm_hour,
+        // tm_time.tm_min, tm_time.tm_sec);
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_hour, dest);
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_min, dest);
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_sec, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// ISO 8601 offset from UTC in timezone (+-HH:MM)
+class z_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+public:
+    const std::chrono::seconds cache_refresh = std::chrono::seconds(5);
+
+    z_formatter() = default;
+    z_formatter(const z_formatter &) = delete;
+    z_formatter &operator=(const z_formatter &) = delete;
+
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        int total_minutes = get_cached_offset(msg, tm_time);
+#else
+        // No need to chache under gcc,
+        // it is very fast (already stored in tm.tm_gmtoff)
+        (void)(msg);
+        int total_minutes = os::utc_minutes_offset(tm_time);
+#endif
+        bool is_negative = total_minutes < 0;
+        if (is_negative)
+        {
+            total_minutes = -total_minutes;
+            dest.push_back('-');
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            dest.push_back('+');
+        }
+
+        fmt_helper::pad2(total_minutes / 60, dest); // hours
+        dest.push_back(':');
+        fmt_helper::pad2(total_minutes % 60, dest); // minutes
+    }
+
+private:
+    log_clock::time_point last_update_{std::chrono::seconds(0)};
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    int offset_minutes_{0};
+
+    int get_cached_offset(const log_msg &msg, const std::tm &tm_time)
+    {
+        if (msg.time - last_update_ >= cache_refresh)
+        {
+            offset_minutes_ = os::utc_minutes_offset(tm_time);
+            last_update_ = msg.time;
+        }
+        return offset_minutes_;
+    }
+#endif
+};
+
+// Thread id
+class t_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad6(msg.thread_id, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// Current pid
+class pid_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_int(details::os::pid(), dest);
+    }
+};
+
+// message counter formatter
+class i_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::pad6(msg.msg_id, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+class v_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_buf(msg.raw, dest);
+    }
+};
+
+class ch_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+public:
+    explicit ch_formatter(char ch)
+        : ch_(ch)
+    {
+    }
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        dest.push_back(ch_);
+    }
+
+private:
+    char ch_;
+};
+
+// aggregate user chars to display as is
+class aggregate_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+public:
+    aggregate_formatter() = default;
+
+    void add_ch(char ch)
+    {
+        str_ += ch;
+    }
+    void format(const details::log_msg &, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_str(str_, dest);
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::string str_;
+};
+
+// mark the color range. expect it to be in the form of "%^colored text%$"
+class color_start_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        msg.color_range_start = dest.size();
+    }
+};
+class color_stop_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        msg.color_range_end = dest.size();
+    }
+};
+
+// Full info formatter
+// pattern: [%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%e] [%n] [%l] %v
+class full_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public flag_formatter
+{
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, const std::tm &tm_time, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+        using namespace std::chrono;
+#ifndef SPDLOG_NO_DATETIME
+
+        // cache the date/time part for the next second.
+        auto duration = msg.time.time_since_epoch();
+        auto secs = duration_cast<seconds>(duration);
+
+        if (cache_timestamp_ != secs || cached_datetime_.size() == 0)
+        {
+            cached_datetime_.resize(0);
+            cached_datetime_.push_back('[');
+            fmt_helper::append_int(tm_time.tm_year + 1900, cached_datetime_);
+            cached_datetime_.push_back('-');
+
+            fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_mon + 1, cached_datetime_);
+            cached_datetime_.push_back('-');
+
+            fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_mday, cached_datetime_);
+            cached_datetime_.push_back(' ');
+
+            fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_hour, cached_datetime_);
+            cached_datetime_.push_back(':');
+
+            fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_min, cached_datetime_);
+            cached_datetime_.push_back(':');
+
+            fmt_helper::pad2(tm_time.tm_sec, cached_datetime_);
+            cached_datetime_.push_back('.');
+
+            cache_timestamp_ = secs;
+        }
+        fmt_helper::append_buf(cached_datetime_, dest);
+
+        auto millis = fmt_helper::time_fraction<milliseconds>(msg.time);
+        fmt_helper::pad3(static_cast<int>(millis.count()), dest);
+        dest.push_back(']');
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+
+#else // no datetime needed
+        (void)tm_time;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SPDLOG_NO_NAME
+        dest.push_back('[');
+        fmt_helper::append_str(*msg.logger_name, dest);
+        dest.push_back(']');
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+#endif
+
+        dest.push_back('[');
+        // wrap the level name with color
+        msg.color_range_start = dest.size();
+        fmt_helper::append_c_str(level::to_c_str(msg.level), dest);
+        msg.color_range_end = dest.size();
+        dest.push_back(']');
+        dest.push_back(' ');
+        fmt_helper::append_buf(msg.raw, dest);
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::chrono::seconds cache_timestamp_{0};
+    fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, 128> cached_datetime_;
+};
+
+} // namespace details
+
+class pattern_formatter SPDLOG_FINAL : public formatter
+{
+public:
+    explicit pattern_formatter(
+        std::string pattern, pattern_time_type time_type = pattern_time_type::local, std::string eol = spdlog::details::os::default_eol)
+        : pattern_(std::move(pattern))
+        , eol_(std::move(eol))
+        , pattern_time_type_(time_type)
+        , last_log_secs_(0)
+    {
+        std::memset(&cached_tm_, 0, sizeof(cached_tm_));
+        compile_pattern_(pattern_);
+    }
+
+    pattern_formatter(const pattern_formatter &other) = delete;
+    pattern_formatter &operator=(const pattern_formatter &other) = delete;
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<formatter> clone() const override
+    {
+        return std::unique_ptr<formatter>(new pattern_formatter(pattern_, pattern_time_type_, eol_));
+    }
+
+    void format(const details::log_msg &msg, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) override
+    {
+#ifndef SPDLOG_NO_DATETIME
+        auto secs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(msg.time.time_since_epoch());
+        if (secs != last_log_secs_)
+        {
+            cached_tm_ = get_time_(msg);
+            last_log_secs_ = secs;
+        }
+#endif
+        for (auto &f : formatters_)
+        {
+            f->format(msg, cached_tm_, dest);
+        }
+        // write eol
+        details::fmt_helper::append_str(eol_, dest);
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::string pattern_;
+    std::string eol_;
+    pattern_time_type pattern_time_type_;
+    std::tm cached_tm_;
+    std::chrono::seconds last_log_secs_;
+
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<details::flag_formatter>> formatters_;
+
+    std::tm get_time_(const details::log_msg &msg)
+    {
+        if (pattern_time_type_ == pattern_time_type::local)
+        {
+            return details::os::localtime(log_clock::to_time_t(msg.time));
+        }
+        return details::os::gmtime(log_clock::to_time_t(msg.time));
+    }
+
+    void handle_flag_(char flag)
+    {
+        switch (flag)
+        {
+        // logger name
+        case 'n':
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::name_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case 'l':
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::level_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case 'L':
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::short_level_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('t'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::t_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('v'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::v_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('a'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::a_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('A'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::A_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('b'):
+        case ('h'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::b_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('B'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::B_formatter());
+            break;
+        case ('c'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::c_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('C'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::C_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('Y'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::Y_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('D'):
+        case ('x'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::D_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('m'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::m_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('d'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::d_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('H'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::H_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('I'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::I_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('M'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::M_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('S'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::S_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('e'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::e_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('f'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::f_formatter());
+            break;
+        case ('F'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::F_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('E'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::E_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('p'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::p_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('r'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::r_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('R'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::R_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('T'):
+        case ('X'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::T_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('z'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::z_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('+'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::full_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('P'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::pid_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('i'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::i_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('^'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::color_start_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        case ('$'):
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::color_stop_formatter());
+            break;
+
+        default: // Unknown flag appears as is
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::ch_formatter('%'));
+            formatters_.emplace_back(new details::ch_formatter(flag));
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void compile_pattern_(const std::string &pattern)
+    {
+        auto end = pattern.end();
+        std::unique_ptr<details::aggregate_formatter> user_chars;
+        formatters_.clear();
+        for (auto it = pattern.begin(); it != end; ++it)
+        {
+            if (*it == '%')
+            {
+                if (user_chars) // append user chars found so far
+                {
+                    formatters_.push_back(std::move(user_chars));
+                }
+                // if(
+                if (++it != end)
+                {
+                    handle_flag_(*it);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            else // chars not following the % sign should be displayed as is
+            {
+                if (!user_chars)
+                {
+                    user_chars = std::unique_ptr<details::aggregate_formatter>(new details::aggregate_formatter());
+                }
+                user_chars->add_ch(*it);
+            }
+        }
+        if (user_chars) // append raw chars found so far
+        {
+            formatters_.push_back(std::move(user_chars));
+        }
+    }
+};
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/periodic_worker.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/periodic_worker.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..acc13117cbd540dd345ca4984a55dd0da5c1d512
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/periodic_worker.h
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+// periodic worker thread - periodically executes the given callback function.
+//
+// RAII over the owned thread:
+//    creates the thread on construction.
+//    stops and joins the thread on destruction.
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <functional>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+
+class periodic_worker
+{
+public:
+    periodic_worker(std::function<void()> callback_fun, std::chrono::seconds interval)
+    {
+        active_ = (interval > std::chrono::seconds::zero());
+        if (!active_)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        worker_thread_ = std::thread([this, callback_fun, interval]() {
+            for (;;)
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(this->mutex_);
+                if (this->cv_.wait_for(lock, interval, [this] { return !this->active_; }))
+                {
+                    return; // active_ == false, so exit this thread
+                }
+                callback_fun();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    periodic_worker(const periodic_worker &) = delete;
+    periodic_worker &operator=(const periodic_worker &) = delete;
+
+    // stop the worker thread and join it
+    ~periodic_worker()
+    {
+        if (worker_thread_.joinable())
+        {
+            {
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+                active_ = false;
+            }
+            cv_.notify_one();
+            worker_thread_.join();
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    bool active_;
+    std::thread worker_thread_;
+    std::mutex mutex_;
+    std::condition_variable cv_;
+};
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/registry.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/registry.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b3db19a2f01f4283a0a3c4d8166d9df6a6efc9dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/registry.h
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+// Loggers registy of unique name->logger pointer
+// An attempt to create a logger with an already existing name will be ignored
+// If user requests a non existing logger, nullptr will be returned
+// This class is thread safe
+
+#include "spdlog/common.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/periodic_worker.h"
+#include "spdlog/logger.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+class thread_pool;
+
+class registry
+{
+public:
+    registry(const registry &) = delete;
+    registry &operator=(const registry &) = delete;
+
+    void register_logger(std::shared_ptr<logger> new_logger)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        auto logger_name = new_logger->name();
+        throw_if_exists_(logger_name);
+        loggers_[logger_name] = new_logger;
+    }
+
+    void register_and_init(std::shared_ptr<logger> new_logger)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        auto logger_name = new_logger->name();
+        throw_if_exists_(logger_name);
+
+        // set the global formatter pattern
+        new_logger->set_formatter(formatter_->clone());
+
+        if (err_handler_)
+        {
+            new_logger->set_error_handler(err_handler_);
+        }
+
+        new_logger->set_level(level_);
+        new_logger->flush_on(flush_level_);
+
+        // add to registry
+        loggers_[logger_name] = new_logger;
+    }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<logger> get(const std::string &logger_name)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        auto found = loggers_.find(logger_name);
+        return found == loggers_.end() ? nullptr : found->second;
+    }
+
+    void set_tp(std::shared_ptr<thread_pool> tp)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(tp_mutex_);
+        tp_ = std::move(tp);
+    }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<thread_pool> get_tp()
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(tp_mutex_);
+        return tp_;
+    }
+
+    // Set global formatter. Each sink in each logger will get a clone of this object
+    void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<formatter> formatter)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::move(formatter);
+        for (auto &l : loggers_)
+        {
+            l.second->set_formatter(formatter_->clone());
+        }
+    }
+
+    void set_level(level::level_enum log_level)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        for (auto &l : loggers_)
+        {
+            l.second->set_level(log_level);
+        }
+        level_ = log_level;
+    }
+
+    void flush_on(level::level_enum log_level)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        for (auto &l : loggers_)
+        {
+            l.second->flush_on(log_level);
+        }
+        flush_level_ = log_level;
+    }
+
+    void flush_every(std::chrono::seconds interval)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(flusher_mutex_);
+        std::function<void()> clbk(std::bind(&registry::flush_all, this));
+        periodic_flusher_.reset(new periodic_worker(clbk, interval));
+    }
+
+    void set_error_handler(log_err_handler handler)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        for (auto &l : loggers_)
+        {
+            l.second->set_error_handler(handler);
+        }
+        err_handler_ = handler;
+    }
+
+    void apply_all(std::function<void(std::shared_ptr<logger>)> fun)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        for (auto &l : loggers_)
+        {
+            fun(l.second);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void flush_all()
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        for (auto &l : loggers_)
+        {
+            l.second->flush();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void drop(const std::string &logger_name)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        loggers_.erase(logger_name);
+    }
+
+    void drop_all()
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(logger_map_mutex_);
+        loggers_.clear();
+    }
+
+    // clean all reasources and threads started by the registry
+    void shutdown()
+    {
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(flusher_mutex_);
+            periodic_flusher_.reset();
+        }
+
+        drop_all();
+
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(tp_mutex_);
+            tp_.reset();
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::recursive_mutex &tp_mutex()
+    {
+        return tp_mutex_;
+    }
+
+    static registry &instance()
+    {
+        static registry s_instance;
+        return s_instance;
+    }
+
+private:
+    registry()
+        : formatter_(new pattern_formatter("%+"))
+    {
+    }
+
+    ~registry()
+    {
+        /*std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(flusher_mutex_);
+        periodic_flusher_.reset();*/
+    }
+
+    void throw_if_exists_(const std::string &logger_name)
+    {
+        if (loggers_.find(logger_name) != loggers_.end())
+        {
+            throw spdlog_ex("logger with name '" + logger_name + "' already exists");
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::mutex logger_map_mutex_, flusher_mutex_;
+    std::recursive_mutex tp_mutex_;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<logger>> loggers_;
+    std::unique_ptr<formatter> formatter_;
+    level::level_enum level_ = level::info;
+    level::level_enum flush_level_ = level::off;
+    log_err_handler err_handler_;
+    std::shared_ptr<thread_pool> tp_;
+    std::unique_ptr<periodic_worker> periodic_flusher_;
+};
+
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/details/thread_pool.h b/src/include/spdlog/details/thread_pool.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2620a19e1fa30f0ab8f3914b5e67ca94d71d6569
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/details/thread_pool.h
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/log_msg.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/mpmc_blocking_q.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/os.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <memory>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace details {
+
+using async_logger_ptr = std::shared_ptr<spdlog::async_logger>;
+
+enum class async_msg_type
+{
+    log,
+    flush,
+    terminate
+};
+
+// Async msg to move to/from the queue
+// Movable only. should never be copied
+struct async_msg
+{
+    async_msg_type msg_type;
+    level::level_enum level;
+    log_clock::time_point time;
+    size_t thread_id;
+    fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, 176> raw;
+
+    size_t msg_id;
+    async_logger_ptr worker_ptr;
+
+    async_msg() = default;
+    ~async_msg() = default;
+
+    // should only be moved in or out of the queue..
+    async_msg(const async_msg &) = delete;
+
+// support for vs2013 move
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1800
+    async_msg(async_msg &&other) SPDLOG_NOEXCEPT : msg_type(other.msg_type),
+                                                   level(other.level),
+                                                   time(other.time),
+                                                   thread_id(other.thread_id),
+                                                   raw(move(other.raw)),
+                                                   msg_id(other.msg_id),
+                                                   worker_ptr(std::move(other.worker_ptr))
+    {
+    }
+
+    async_msg &operator=(async_msg &&other) SPDLOG_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        msg_type = other.msg_type;
+        level = other.level;
+        time = other.time;
+        thread_id = other.thread_id;
+        raw = std::move(other.raw);
+        msg_id = other.msg_id;
+        worker_ptr = std::move(other.worker_ptr);
+        return *this;
+    }
+#else // (_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1800
+    async_msg(async_msg &&other) = default;
+    async_msg &operator=(async_msg &&other) = default;
+#endif
+
+    // construct from log_msg with given type
+    async_msg(async_logger_ptr &&worker, async_msg_type the_type, details::log_msg &&m)
+        : msg_type(the_type)
+        , level(m.level)
+        , time(m.time)
+        , thread_id(m.thread_id)
+        , msg_id(m.msg_id)
+        , worker_ptr(std::forward<async_logger_ptr>(worker))
+    {
+        fmt_helper::append_buf(m.raw, raw);
+    }
+
+    async_msg(async_logger_ptr &&worker, async_msg_type the_type)
+        : async_msg(std::forward<async_logger_ptr>(worker), the_type, details::log_msg())
+    {
+    }
+
+    explicit async_msg(async_msg_type the_type)
+        : async_msg(nullptr, the_type, details::log_msg())
+    {
+    }
+
+    // copy into log_msg
+    void to_log_msg(log_msg &msg)
+    {
+        msg.logger_name = &worker_ptr->name();
+        msg.level = level;
+        msg.time = time;
+        msg.thread_id = thread_id;
+        fmt_helper::append_buf(raw, msg.raw);
+        msg.msg_id = msg_id;
+        msg.color_range_start = 0;
+        msg.color_range_end = 0;
+    }
+};
+
+class thread_pool
+{
+public:
+    using item_type = async_msg;
+    using q_type = details::mpmc_blocking_queue<item_type>;
+
+    thread_pool(size_t q_max_items, size_t threads_n)
+        : q_(q_max_items)
+    {
+        // std::cout << "thread_pool()  q_size_bytes: " << q_size_bytes <<
+        // "\tthreads_n: " << threads_n << std::endl;
+        if (threads_n == 0 || threads_n > 1000)
+        {
+            throw spdlog_ex("spdlog::thread_pool(): invalid threads_n param (valid "
+                            "range is 1-1000)");
+        }
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < threads_n; i++)
+        {
+            threads_.emplace_back(std::bind(&thread_pool::worker_loop_, this));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // message all threads to terminate gracefully join them
+    ~thread_pool()
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < threads_.size(); i++)
+            {
+                post_async_msg_(async_msg(async_msg_type::terminate), async_overflow_policy::block);
+            }
+
+            for (auto &t : threads_)
+            {
+                t.join();
+            }
+        }
+        catch (...)
+        {
+        }
+    }
+
+    void post_log(async_logger_ptr &&worker_ptr, details::log_msg &&msg, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy)
+    {
+        async_msg async_m(std::forward<async_logger_ptr>(worker_ptr), async_msg_type::log, std::forward<log_msg>(msg));
+        post_async_msg_(std::move(async_m), overflow_policy);
+    }
+
+    void post_flush(async_logger_ptr &&worker_ptr, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy)
+    {
+        post_async_msg_(async_msg(std::move(worker_ptr), async_msg_type::flush), overflow_policy);
+    }
+
+private:
+    q_type q_;
+
+    std::vector<std::thread> threads_;
+
+    void post_async_msg_(async_msg &&new_msg, async_overflow_policy overflow_policy)
+    {
+        if (overflow_policy == async_overflow_policy::block)
+        {
+            q_.enqueue(std::move(new_msg));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            q_.enqueue_nowait(std::move(new_msg));
+        }
+    }
+
+    void worker_loop_()
+    {
+        while (process_next_msg_()) {};
+    }
+
+    // process next message in the queue
+    // return true if this thread should still be active (while no terminate msg
+    // was received)
+    bool process_next_msg_()
+    {
+        async_msg incoming_async_msg;
+        bool dequeued = q_.dequeue_for(incoming_async_msg, std::chrono::seconds(10));
+        if (!dequeued)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        switch (incoming_async_msg.msg_type)
+        {
+        case async_msg_type::flush:
+        {
+            incoming_async_msg.worker_ptr->backend_flush_();
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        case async_msg_type::terminate:
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        default:
+        {
+            log_msg msg;
+            incoming_async_msg.to_log_msg(msg);
+            incoming_async_msg.worker_ptr->backend_log_(msg);
+            return true;
+        }
+        }
+        return true; // should not be reached
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace details
+} // namespace spdlog
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/LICENSE.rst b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb6be6503e93cc384f912841c7c7cbc65e5aa709
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
+ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/colors.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/colors.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..003a6679ee7d34cf7d9d64cb68f0da093d8b6a1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/colors.h
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - the core API
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2018 - present, Remotion (Igor Schulz)
+// All Rights Reserved
+// {fmt} support for rgb color output.
+
+#ifndef FMT_COLORS_H_
+#define FMT_COLORS_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+// rgb is a struct for red, green and blue colors.
+// We use rgb as name because some editors will show it as color direct in the
+// editor.
+struct rgb
+{
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL rgb()
+        : r(0)
+        , g(0)
+        , b(0)
+    {
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL rgb(uint8_t r_, uint8_t g_, uint8_t b_)
+        : r(r_)
+        , g(g_)
+        , b(b_)
+    {
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL rgb(uint32_t hex)
+        : r((hex >> 16) & 0xFF)
+        , g((hex >> 8) & 0xFF)
+        , b((hex)&0xFF)
+    {
+    }
+    uint8_t r;
+    uint8_t g;
+    uint8_t b;
+};
+
+namespace internal {
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline void to_esc(uint8_t c, char out[], int offset)
+{
+    out[offset + 0] = static_cast<char>('0' + c / 100);
+    out[offset + 1] = static_cast<char>('0' + c / 10 % 10);
+    out[offset + 2] = static_cast<char>('0' + c % 10);
+}
+
+} // namespace internal
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_rgb(rgb fd, string_view format, format_args args)
+{
+    char escape_fd[] = "\x1b[38;2;000;000;000m";
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const char RESET_COLOR[] = "\x1b[0m";
+    internal::to_esc(fd.r, escape_fd, 7);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.g, escape_fd, 11);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.b, escape_fd, 15);
+
+    std::fputs(escape_fd, stdout);
+    vprint(format, args);
+    std::fputs(RESET_COLOR, stdout);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_rgb(rgb fd, rgb bg, string_view format, format_args args)
+{
+    char escape_fd[] = "\x1b[38;2;000;000;000m"; // foreground color
+    char escape_bg[] = "\x1b[48;2;000;000;000m"; // background color
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const char RESET_COLOR[] = "\x1b[0m";
+    internal::to_esc(fd.r, escape_fd, 7);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.g, escape_fd, 11);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.b, escape_fd, 15);
+
+    internal::to_esc(bg.r, escape_bg, 7);
+    internal::to_esc(bg.g, escape_bg, 11);
+    internal::to_esc(bg.b, escape_bg, 15);
+
+    std::fputs(escape_fd, stdout);
+    std::fputs(escape_bg, stdout);
+    vprint(format, args);
+    std::fputs(RESET_COLOR, stdout);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print_rgb(rgb fd, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint_rgb(fd, format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+// rgb foreground color
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(rgb fd, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint_rgb(fd, format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+// rgb foreground color and background color
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(rgb fd, rgb bg, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint_rgb(fd, bg, format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+enum class color : uint32_t
+{
+    alice_blue = 0xF0F8FF,              // rgb(240,248,255)
+    antique_white = 0xFAEBD7,           // rgb(250,235,215)
+    aqua = 0x00FFFF,                    // rgb(0,255,255)
+    aquamarine = 0x7FFFD4,              // rgb(127,255,212)
+    azure = 0xF0FFFF,                   // rgb(240,255,255)
+    beige = 0xF5F5DC,                   // rgb(245,245,220)
+    bisque = 0xFFE4C4,                  // rgb(255,228,196)
+    black = 0x000000,                   // rgb(0,0,0)
+    blanched_almond = 0xFFEBCD,         // rgb(255,235,205)
+    blue = 0x0000FF,                    // rgb(0,0,255)
+    blue_violet = 0x8A2BE2,             // rgb(138,43,226)
+    brown = 0xA52A2A,                   // rgb(165,42,42)
+    burly_wood = 0xDEB887,              // rgb(222,184,135)
+    cadet_blue = 0x5F9EA0,              // rgb(95,158,160)
+    chartreuse = 0x7FFF00,              // rgb(127,255,0)
+    chocolate = 0xD2691E,               // rgb(210,105,30)
+    coral = 0xFF7F50,                   // rgb(255,127,80)
+    cornflower_blue = 0x6495ED,         // rgb(100,149,237)
+    cornsilk = 0xFFF8DC,                // rgb(255,248,220)
+    crimson = 0xDC143C,                 // rgb(220,20,60)
+    cyan = 0x00FFFF,                    // rgb(0,255,255)
+    dark_blue = 0x00008B,               // rgb(0,0,139)
+    dark_cyan = 0x008B8B,               // rgb(0,139,139)
+    dark_golden_rod = 0xB8860B,         // rgb(184,134,11)
+    dark_gray = 0xA9A9A9,               // rgb(169,169,169)
+    dark_green = 0x006400,              // rgb(0,100,0)
+    dark_khaki = 0xBDB76B,              // rgb(189,183,107)
+    dark_magenta = 0x8B008B,            // rgb(139,0,139)
+    dark_olive_green = 0x556B2F,        // rgb(85,107,47)
+    dark_orange = 0xFF8C00,             // rgb(255,140,0)
+    dark_orchid = 0x9932CC,             // rgb(153,50,204)
+    dark_red = 0x8B0000,                // rgb(139,0,0)
+    dark_salmon = 0xE9967A,             // rgb(233,150,122)
+    dark_sea_green = 0x8FBC8F,          // rgb(143,188,143)
+    dark_slate_blue = 0x483D8B,         // rgb(72,61,139)
+    dark_slate_gray = 0x2F4F4F,         // rgb(47,79,79)
+    dark_turquoise = 0x00CED1,          // rgb(0,206,209)
+    dark_violet = 0x9400D3,             // rgb(148,0,211)
+    deep_pink = 0xFF1493,               // rgb(255,20,147)
+    deep_sky_blue = 0x00BFFF,           // rgb(0,191,255)
+    dim_gray = 0x696969,                // rgb(105,105,105)
+    dodger_blue = 0x1E90FF,             // rgb(30,144,255)
+    fire_brick = 0xB22222,              // rgb(178,34,34)
+    floral_white = 0xFFFAF0,            // rgb(255,250,240)
+    forest_green = 0x228B22,            // rgb(34,139,34)
+    fuchsia = 0xFF00FF,                 // rgb(255,0,255)
+    gainsboro = 0xDCDCDC,               // rgb(220,220,220)
+    ghost_white = 0xF8F8FF,             // rgb(248,248,255)
+    gold = 0xFFD700,                    // rgb(255,215,0)
+    golden_rod = 0xDAA520,              // rgb(218,165,32)
+    gray = 0x808080,                    // rgb(128,128,128)
+    green = 0x008000,                   // rgb(0,128,0)
+    green_yellow = 0xADFF2F,            // rgb(173,255,47)
+    honey_dew = 0xF0FFF0,               // rgb(240,255,240)
+    hot_pink = 0xFF69B4,                // rgb(255,105,180)
+    indian_red = 0xCD5C5C,              // rgb(205,92,92)
+    indigo = 0x4B0082,                  // rgb(75,0,130)
+    ivory = 0xFFFFF0,                   // rgb(255,255,240)
+    khaki = 0xF0E68C,                   // rgb(240,230,140)
+    lavender = 0xE6E6FA,                // rgb(230,230,250)
+    lavender_blush = 0xFFF0F5,          // rgb(255,240,245)
+    lawn_green = 0x7CFC00,              // rgb(124,252,0)
+    lemon_chiffon = 0xFFFACD,           // rgb(255,250,205)
+    light_blue = 0xADD8E6,              // rgb(173,216,230)
+    light_coral = 0xF08080,             // rgb(240,128,128)
+    light_cyan = 0xE0FFFF,              // rgb(224,255,255)
+    light_golden_rod_yellow = 0xFAFAD2, // rgb(250,250,210)
+    light_gray = 0xD3D3D3,              // rgb(211,211,211)
+    light_green = 0x90EE90,             // rgb(144,238,144)
+    light_pink = 0xFFB6C1,              // rgb(255,182,193)
+    light_salmon = 0xFFA07A,            // rgb(255,160,122)
+    light_sea_green = 0x20B2AA,         // rgb(32,178,170)
+    light_sky_blue = 0x87CEFA,          // rgb(135,206,250)
+    light_slate_gray = 0x778899,        // rgb(119,136,153)
+    light_steel_blue = 0xB0C4DE,        // rgb(176,196,222)
+    light_yellow = 0xFFFFE0,            // rgb(255,255,224)
+    lime = 0x00FF00,                    // rgb(0,255,0)
+    lime_green = 0x32CD32,              // rgb(50,205,50)
+    linen = 0xFAF0E6,                   // rgb(250,240,230)
+    magenta = 0xFF00FF,                 // rgb(255,0,255)
+    maroon = 0x800000,                  // rgb(128,0,0)
+    medium_aqua_marine = 0x66CDAA,      // rgb(102,205,170)
+    medium_blue = 0x0000CD,             // rgb(0,0,205)
+    medium_orchid = 0xBA55D3,           // rgb(186,85,211)
+    medium_purple = 0x9370DB,           // rgb(147,112,219)
+    medium_sea_green = 0x3CB371,        // rgb(60,179,113)
+    medium_slate_blue = 0x7B68EE,       // rgb(123,104,238)
+    medium_spring_green = 0x00FA9A,     // rgb(0,250,154)
+    medium_turquoise = 0x48D1CC,        // rgb(72,209,204)
+    medium_violet_red = 0xC71585,       // rgb(199,21,133)
+    midnight_blue = 0x191970,           // rgb(25,25,112)
+    mint_cream = 0xF5FFFA,              // rgb(245,255,250)
+    misty_rose = 0xFFE4E1,              // rgb(255,228,225)
+    moccasin = 0xFFE4B5,                // rgb(255,228,181)
+    navajo_white = 0xFFDEAD,            // rgb(255,222,173)
+    navy = 0x000080,                    // rgb(0,0,128)
+    old_lace = 0xFDF5E6,                // rgb(253,245,230)
+    olive = 0x808000,                   // rgb(128,128,0)
+    olive_drab = 0x6B8E23,              // rgb(107,142,35)
+    orange = 0xFFA500,                  // rgb(255,165,0)
+    orange_red = 0xFF4500,              // rgb(255,69,0)
+    orchid = 0xDA70D6,                  // rgb(218,112,214)
+    pale_golden_rod = 0xEEE8AA,         // rgb(238,232,170)
+    pale_green = 0x98FB98,              // rgb(152,251,152)
+    pale_turquoise = 0xAFEEEE,          // rgb(175,238,238)
+    pale_violet_red = 0xDB7093,         // rgb(219,112,147)
+    papaya_whip = 0xFFEFD5,             // rgb(255,239,213)
+    peach_puff = 0xFFDAB9,              // rgb(255,218,185)
+    peru = 0xCD853F,                    // rgb(205,133,63)
+    pink = 0xFFC0CB,                    // rgb(255,192,203)
+    plum = 0xDDA0DD,                    // rgb(221,160,221)
+    powder_blue = 0xB0E0E6,             // rgb(176,224,230)
+    purple = 0x800080,                  // rgb(128,0,128)
+    rebecca_purple = 0x663399,          // rgb(102,51,153)
+    red = 0xFF0000,                     // rgb(255,0,0)
+    rosy_brown = 0xBC8F8F,              // rgb(188,143,143)
+    royal_blue = 0x4169E1,              // rgb(65,105,225)
+    saddle_brown = 0x8B4513,            // rgb(139,69,19)
+    salmon = 0xFA8072,                  // rgb(250,128,114)
+    sandy_brown = 0xF4A460,             // rgb(244,164,96)
+    sea_green = 0x2E8B57,               // rgb(46,139,87)
+    sea_shell = 0xFFF5EE,               // rgb(255,245,238)
+    sienna = 0xA0522D,                  // rgb(160,82,45)
+    silver = 0xC0C0C0,                  // rgb(192,192,192)
+    sky_blue = 0x87CEEB,                // rgb(135,206,235)
+    slate_blue = 0x6A5ACD,              // rgb(106,90,205)
+    slate_gray = 0x708090,              // rgb(112,128,144)
+    snow = 0xFFFAFA,                    // rgb(255,250,250)
+    spring_green = 0x00FF7F,            // rgb(0,255,127)
+    steel_blue = 0x4682B4,              // rgb(70,130,180)
+    tan = 0xD2B48C,                     // rgb(210,180,140)
+    teal = 0x008080,                    // rgb(0,128,128)
+    thistle = 0xD8BFD8,                 // rgb(216,191,216)
+    tomato = 0xFF6347,                  // rgb(255,99,71)
+    turquoise = 0x40E0D0,               // rgb(64,224,208)
+    violet = 0xEE82EE,                  // rgb(238,130,238)
+    wheat = 0xF5DEB3,                   // rgb(245,222,179)
+    white = 0xFFFFFF,                   // rgb(255,255,255)
+    white_smoke = 0xF5F5F5,             // rgb(245,245,245)
+    yellow = 0xFFFF00,                  // rgb(255,255,0)
+    yellow_green = 0x9ACD32,            // rgb(154,205,50)
+};                                      // enum class colors
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // FMT_COLORS_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/core.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/core.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..19273a67a0d7893ab15490f33a6f289dbb0c1b72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/core.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1578 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - the core API
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_CORE_H_
+#define FMT_CORE_H_
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+// The fmt library version in the form major * 10000 + minor * 100 + patch.
+#define FMT_VERSION 50100
+
+#ifdef __has_feature
+#define FMT_HAS_FEATURE(x) __has_feature(x)
+#else
+#define FMT_HAS_FEATURE(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __has_include
+#define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) __has_include(x)
+#else
+#define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __has_cpp_attribute
+#define FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(x) __has_cpp_attribute(x)
+#else
+#define FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+#define FMT_GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__)
+#else
+#define FMT_GCC_VERSION 0
+#endif
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L || defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
+#define FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11 FMT_GCC_VERSION
+#else
+#define FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define FMT_MSC_VER _MSC_VER
+#else
+#define FMT_MSC_VER 0
+#endif
+
+// Check if relaxed c++14 constexpr is supported.
+// GCC doesn't allow throw in constexpr until version 6 (bug 67371).
+#ifndef FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
+#define FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR                                                                                                                  \
+    (FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_relaxed_constexpr) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1910 || (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 600 && __cplusplus >= 201402L))
+#endif
+#if FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
+#define FMT_CONSTEXPR constexpr
+#define FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL constexpr
+#else
+#define FMT_CONSTEXPR inline
+#define FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_OVERRIDE
+#if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_override) || (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 408 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
+#define FMT_OVERRIDE override
+#else
+#define FMT_OVERRIDE
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_explicit_conversions) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1800
+#define FMT_EXPLICIT explicit
+#else
+#define FMT_EXPLICIT
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_NULL
+#if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_nullptr) || (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 408 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1600
+#define FMT_NULL nullptr
+#define FMT_USE_NULLPTR 1
+#else
+#define FMT_NULL NULL
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_NULLPTR
+#define FMT_USE_NULLPTR 0
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn)
+#define FMT_NORETURN [[noreturn]]
+#else
+#define FMT_NORETURN
+#endif
+
+// Check if exceptions are disabled.
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
+#define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 0
+#elif FMT_MSC_VER && !_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+#define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 0
+#endif
+#ifndef FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+#define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 1
+#endif
+
+// Define FMT_USE_NOEXCEPT to make fmt use noexcept (C++11 feature).
+#ifndef FMT_USE_NOEXCEPT
+#define FMT_USE_NOEXCEPT 0
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_USE_NOEXCEPT || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_noexcept) || (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 408 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
+#define FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#else
+#define FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT throw()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_NOEXCEPT
+#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+#define FMT_NOEXCEPT FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT
+#else
+#define FMT_NOEXCEPT
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// This is needed because GCC still uses throw() in its headers when exceptions
+// are disabled.
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION
+#define FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT FMT_DETECTED_NOEXCEPT
+#else
+#define FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT FMT_NOEXCEPT
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+#if FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_inline_namespaces) || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 404 || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
+#define FMT_INLINE_NAMESPACE inline namespace
+#define FMT_END_NAMESPACE                                                                                                                  \
+    }                                                                                                                                      \
+    }
+#else
+#define FMT_INLINE_NAMESPACE namespace
+#define FMT_END_NAMESPACE                                                                                                                  \
+    }                                                                                                                                      \
+    using namespace v5;                                                                                                                    \
+    }
+#endif
+#define FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE                                                                                                                \
+    namespace fmt {                                                                                                                        \
+    FMT_INLINE_NAMESPACE v5                                                                                                                \
+    {
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(FMT_HEADER_ONLY) && defined(_WIN32)
+#ifdef FMT_EXPORT
+#define FMT_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#elif defined(FMT_SHARED)
+#define FMT_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#endif
+#endif
+#ifndef FMT_API
+#define FMT_API
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_ASSERT
+#define FMT_ASSERT(condition, message) assert((condition) && message)
+#endif
+
+#define FMT_DELETED = delete
+
+// A macro to disallow the copy construction and assignment.
+#define FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Type)                                                                                                 \
+    Type(const Type &) FMT_DELETED;                                                                                                        \
+    void operator=(const Type &) FMT_DELETED
+
+// libc++ supports string_view in pre-c++17.
+#if (FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<string_view>) && (__cplusplus > 201402L || defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION))) ||                                             \
+    (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 201402L && _MSC_VER >= 1910)
+#include <string_view>
+#define FMT_USE_STD_STRING_VIEW
+#elif (FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<experimental / string_view>) && __cplusplus >= 201402L)
+#include <experimental/string_view>
+#define FMT_USE_EXPERIMENTAL_STRING_VIEW
+#endif
+
+// std::result_of is defined in <functional> in gcc 4.4.
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION <= 404
+#include <functional>
+#endif
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace internal {
+
+// An implementation of declval for pre-C++11 compilers such as gcc 4.
+template<typename T>
+typename std::add_rvalue_reference<T>::type declval() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+
+// Casts nonnegative integer to unsigned.
+template<typename Int>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR typename std::make_unsigned<Int>::type to_unsigned(Int value)
+{
+    FMT_ASSERT(value >= 0, "negative value");
+    return static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<Int>::type>(value);
+}
+
+} // namespace internal
+
+/**
+  An implementation of ``std::basic_string_view`` for pre-C++17. It provides a
+  subset of the API. ``fmt::basic_string_view`` is used for format strings even
+  if ``std::string_view`` is available to prevent issues when a library is
+  compiled with a different ``-std`` option than the client code (which is not
+  recommended).
+ */
+template<typename Char>
+class basic_string_view
+{
+private:
+    const Char *data_;
+    size_t size_;
+
+public:
+    typedef Char char_type;
+    typedef const Char *iterator;
+
+// Standard basic_string_view type.
+#if defined(FMT_USE_STD_STRING_VIEW)
+    typedef std::basic_string_view<Char> type;
+#elif defined(FMT_USE_EXPERIMENTAL_STRING_VIEW)
+    typedef std::experimental::basic_string_view<Char> type;
+#else
+    struct type
+    {
+        const char *data() const
+        {
+            return FMT_NULL;
+        }
+        size_t size() const
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    };
+#endif
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_string_view() FMT_NOEXCEPT : data_(FMT_NULL), size_(0) {}
+
+    /** Constructs a string reference object from a C string and a size. */
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_string_view(const Char *s, size_t count) FMT_NOEXCEPT : data_(s), size_(count) {}
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Constructs a string reference object from a C string computing
+      the size with ``std::char_traits<Char>::length``.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    basic_string_view(const Char *s)
+        : data_(s)
+        , size_(std::char_traits<Char>::length(s))
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructs a string reference from a ``std::basic_string`` object. */
+    template<typename Alloc>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_string_view(const std::basic_string<Char, Alloc> &s) FMT_NOEXCEPT : data_(s.c_str()), size_(s.size())
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_string_view(type s) FMT_NOEXCEPT : data_(s.data()), size_(s.size()) {}
+
+    /** Returns a pointer to the string data. */
+    const Char *data() const
+    {
+        return data_;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the string size. */
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR size_t size() const
+    {
+        return size_;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR iterator begin() const
+    {
+        return data_;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR iterator end() const
+    {
+        return data_ + size_;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void remove_prefix(size_t n)
+    {
+        data_ += n;
+        size_ -= n;
+    }
+
+    // Lexicographically compare this string reference to other.
+    int compare(basic_string_view other) const
+    {
+        size_t str_size = size_ < other.size_ ? size_ : other.size_;
+        int result = std::char_traits<Char>::compare(data_, other.data_, str_size);
+        if (result == 0)
+            result = size_ == other.size_ ? 0 : (size_ < other.size_ ? -1 : 1);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    friend bool operator==(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs.compare(rhs) == 0;
+    }
+    friend bool operator!=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs.compare(rhs) != 0;
+    }
+    friend bool operator<(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs.compare(rhs) < 0;
+    }
+    friend bool operator<=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs.compare(rhs) <= 0;
+    }
+    friend bool operator>(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs.compare(rhs) > 0;
+    }
+    friend bool operator>=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs)
+    {
+        return lhs.compare(rhs) >= 0;
+    }
+};
+
+typedef basic_string_view<char> string_view;
+typedef basic_string_view<wchar_t> wstring_view;
+
+template<typename Context>
+class basic_format_arg;
+
+template<typename Context>
+class basic_format_args;
+
+// A formatter for objects of type T.
+template<typename T, typename Char = char, typename Enable = void>
+struct formatter;
+
+namespace internal {
+
+/** A contiguous memory buffer with an optional growing ability. */
+template<typename T>
+class basic_buffer
+{
+private:
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(basic_buffer);
+
+    T *ptr_;
+    std::size_t size_;
+    std::size_t capacity_;
+
+protected:
+    basic_buffer(T *p = FMT_NULL, std::size_t sz = 0, std::size_t cap = 0) FMT_NOEXCEPT : ptr_(p), size_(sz), capacity_(cap) {}
+
+    /** Sets the buffer data and capacity. */
+    void set(T *buf_data, std::size_t buf_capacity) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        ptr_ = buf_data;
+        capacity_ = buf_capacity;
+    }
+
+    /** Increases the buffer capacity to hold at least *capacity* elements. */
+    virtual void grow(std::size_t capacity) = 0;
+
+public:
+    typedef T value_type;
+    typedef const T &const_reference;
+
+    virtual ~basic_buffer() {}
+
+    T *begin() FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return ptr_;
+    }
+    T *end() FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return ptr_ + size_;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the size of this buffer. */
+    std::size_t size() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return size_;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the capacity of this buffer. */
+    std::size_t capacity() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return capacity_;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a pointer to the buffer data. */
+    T *data() FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return ptr_;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a pointer to the buffer data. */
+    const T *data() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return ptr_;
+    }
+
+    /**
+      Resizes the buffer. If T is a POD type new elements may not be initialized.
+     */
+    void resize(std::size_t new_size)
+    {
+        reserve(new_size);
+        size_ = new_size;
+    }
+
+    /** Reserves space to store at least *capacity* elements. */
+    void reserve(std::size_t new_capacity)
+    {
+        if (new_capacity > capacity_)
+            grow(new_capacity);
+    }
+
+    void push_back(const T &value)
+    {
+        reserve(size_ + 1);
+        ptr_[size_++] = value;
+    }
+
+    /** Appends data to the end of the buffer. */
+    template<typename U>
+    void append(const U *begin, const U *end);
+
+    T &operator[](std::size_t index)
+    {
+        return ptr_[index];
+    }
+    const T &operator[](std::size_t index) const
+    {
+        return ptr_[index];
+    }
+};
+
+typedef basic_buffer<char> buffer;
+typedef basic_buffer<wchar_t> wbuffer;
+
+// A container-backed buffer.
+template<typename Container>
+class container_buffer : public basic_buffer<typename Container::value_type>
+{
+private:
+    Container &container_;
+
+protected:
+    void grow(std::size_t capacity) FMT_OVERRIDE
+    {
+        container_.resize(capacity);
+        this->set(&container_[0], capacity);
+    }
+
+public:
+    explicit container_buffer(Container &c)
+        : basic_buffer<typename Container::value_type>(&c[0], c.size(), c.size())
+        , container_(c)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+struct error_handler
+{
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR error_handler() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR error_handler(const error_handler &) {}
+
+    // This function is intentionally not constexpr to give a compile-time error.
+    FMT_API void on_error(const char *message);
+};
+
+// Formatting of wide characters and strings into a narrow output is disallowed:
+//   fmt::format("{}", L"test"); // error
+// To fix this, use a wide format string:
+//   fmt::format(L"{}", L"test");
+template<typename Char>
+inline void require_wchar()
+{
+    static_assert(std::is_same<wchar_t, Char>::value, "formatting of wide characters into a narrow output is disallowed");
+}
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct named_arg_base;
+
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+struct named_arg;
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_named_arg : std::false_type
+{
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+struct is_named_arg<named_arg<T, Char>> : std::true_type
+{
+};
+
+enum type
+{
+    none_type,
+    named_arg_type,
+    // Integer types should go first,
+    int_type,
+    uint_type,
+    long_long_type,
+    ulong_long_type,
+    bool_type,
+    char_type,
+    last_integer_type = char_type,
+    // followed by floating-point types.
+    double_type,
+    long_double_type,
+    last_numeric_type = long_double_type,
+    cstring_type,
+    string_type,
+    pointer_type,
+    custom_type
+};
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR bool is_integral(type t)
+{
+    FMT_ASSERT(t != internal::named_arg_type, "invalid argument type");
+    return t > internal::none_type && t <= internal::last_integer_type;
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR bool is_arithmetic(type t)
+{
+    FMT_ASSERT(t != internal::named_arg_type, "invalid argument type");
+    return t > internal::none_type && t <= internal::last_numeric_type;
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename Char, bool ENABLE = true>
+struct convert_to_int
+{
+    enum
+    {
+        value = !std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && std::is_convertible<T, int>::value
+    };
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct string_value
+{
+    const Char *value;
+    std::size_t size;
+};
+
+template<typename Context>
+struct custom_value
+{
+    const void *value;
+    void (*format)(const void *arg, Context &ctx);
+};
+
+// A formatting argument value.
+template<typename Context>
+class value
+{
+public:
+    typedef typename Context::char_type char_type;
+
+    union
+    {
+        int int_value;
+        unsigned uint_value;
+        long long long_long_value;
+        unsigned long long ulong_long_value;
+        double double_value;
+        long double long_double_value;
+        const void *pointer;
+        string_value<char_type> string;
+        string_value<signed char> sstring;
+        string_value<unsigned char> ustring;
+        custom_value<Context> custom;
+    };
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR value(int val = 0)
+        : int_value(val)
+    {
+    }
+    value(unsigned val)
+    {
+        uint_value = val;
+    }
+    value(long long val)
+    {
+        long_long_value = val;
+    }
+    value(unsigned long long val)
+    {
+        ulong_long_value = val;
+    }
+    value(double val)
+    {
+        double_value = val;
+    }
+    value(long double val)
+    {
+        long_double_value = val;
+    }
+    value(const char_type *val)
+    {
+        string.value = val;
+    }
+    value(const signed char *val)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, char_type>::value, "incompatible string types");
+        sstring.value = val;
+    }
+    value(const unsigned char *val)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<char, char_type>::value, "incompatible string types");
+        ustring.value = val;
+    }
+    value(basic_string_view<char_type> val)
+    {
+        string.value = val.data();
+        string.size = val.size();
+    }
+    value(const void *val)
+    {
+        pointer = val;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    explicit value(const T &val)
+    {
+        custom.value = &val;
+        custom.format = &format_custom_arg<T>;
+    }
+
+    const named_arg_base<char_type> &as_named_arg()
+    {
+        return *static_cast<const named_arg_base<char_type> *>(pointer);
+    }
+
+private:
+    // Formats an argument of a custom type, such as a user-defined class.
+    template<typename T>
+    static void format_custom_arg(const void *arg, Context &ctx)
+    {
+        // Get the formatter type through the context to allow different contexts
+        // have different extension points, e.g. `formatter<T>` for `format` and
+        // `printf_formatter<T>` for `printf`.
+        typename Context::template formatter_type<T>::type f;
+        auto &&parse_ctx = ctx.parse_context();
+        parse_ctx.advance_to(f.parse(parse_ctx));
+        ctx.advance_to(f.format(*static_cast<const T *>(arg), ctx));
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Context, type TYPE>
+struct typed_value : value<Context>
+{
+    static const type type_tag = TYPE;
+
+    template<typename T>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typed_value(const T &val)
+        : value<Context>(val)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Context, typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_arg<Context> make_arg(const T &value);
+
+#define FMT_MAKE_VALUE(TAG, ArgType, ValueType)                                                                                            \
+    template<typename C>                                                                                                                   \
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typed_value<C, TAG> make_value(ArgType val)                                                                              \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        return static_cast<ValueType>(val);                                                                                                \
+    }
+
+#define FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(TAG, Type)                                                                                                     \
+    template<typename C>                                                                                                                   \
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typed_value<C, TAG> make_value(Type val)                                                                                 \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        return val;                                                                                                                        \
+    }
+
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(bool_type, bool, int)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(int_type, short, int)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(uint_type, unsigned short, unsigned)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(int_type, int)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(uint_type, unsigned)
+
+// To minimize the number of types we need to deal with, long is translated
+// either to int or to long long depending on its size.
+typedef std::conditional<sizeof(long) == sizeof(int), int, long long>::type long_type;
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE((sizeof(long) == sizeof(int) ? int_type : long_long_type), long, long_type)
+typedef std::conditional<sizeof(unsigned long) == sizeof(unsigned), unsigned, unsigned long long>::type ulong_type;
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE((sizeof(unsigned long) == sizeof(unsigned) ? uint_type : ulong_long_type), unsigned long, ulong_type)
+
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(long_long_type, long long)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(ulong_long_type, unsigned long long)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(int_type, signed char, int)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(uint_type, unsigned char, unsigned)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(char_type, char, int)
+
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED)
+template<typename C>
+inline typed_value<C, char_type> make_value(wchar_t val)
+{
+    require_wchar<typename C::char_type>();
+    return static_cast<int>(val);
+}
+#endif
+
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(double_type, float, double)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(double_type, double)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(long_double_type, long double)
+
+// Formatting of wide strings into a narrow buffer and multibyte strings
+// into a wide buffer is disallowed (https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/606).
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(cstring_type, typename C::char_type *, const typename C::char_type *)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(cstring_type, const typename C::char_type *, const typename C::char_type *)
+
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(cstring_type, signed char *, const signed char *)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(cstring_type, const signed char *)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(cstring_type, unsigned char *, const unsigned char *)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(cstring_type, const unsigned char *)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(string_type, basic_string_view<typename C::char_type>)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(string_type, typename basic_string_view<typename C::char_type>::type, basic_string_view<typename C::char_type>)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(string_type, const std::basic_string<typename C::char_type> &, basic_string_view<typename C::char_type>)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(pointer_type, void *, const void *)
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE_SAME(pointer_type, const void *)
+
+#if FMT_USE_NULLPTR
+FMT_MAKE_VALUE(pointer_type, std::nullptr_t, const void *)
+#endif
+
+// Formatting of arbitrary pointers is disallowed. If you want to output a
+// pointer cast it to "void *" or "const void *". In particular, this forbids
+// formatting of "[const] volatile char *" which is printed as bool by
+// iostreams.
+template<typename C, typename T>
+typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<T, typename C::char_type>::value>::type make_value(const T *)
+{
+    static_assert(!sizeof(T), "formatting of non-void pointers is disallowed");
+}
+
+template<typename C, typename T>
+inline typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<T>::value && convert_to_int<T, typename C::char_type>::value, typed_value<C, int_type>>::type
+make_value(const T &val)
+{
+    return static_cast<int>(val);
+}
+
+template<typename C, typename T, typename Char = typename C::char_type>
+inline typename std::enable_if<!convert_to_int<T, Char>::value && !std::is_convertible<T, basic_string_view<Char>>::value,
+    // Implicit conversion to std::string is not handled here because it's
+    // unsafe: https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/729
+    typed_value<C, custom_type>>::type
+make_value(const T &val)
+{
+    return val;
+}
+
+template<typename C, typename T>
+typed_value<C, named_arg_type> make_value(const named_arg<T, typename C::char_type> &val)
+{
+    basic_format_arg<C> arg = make_arg<C>(val.value);
+    std::memcpy(val.data, &arg, sizeof(arg));
+    return static_cast<const void *>(&val);
+}
+
+// Maximum number of arguments with packed types.
+enum
+{
+    max_packed_args = 15
+};
+
+template<typename Context>
+class arg_map;
+
+template<typename>
+struct result_of;
+
+template<typename F, typename... Args>
+struct result_of<F(Args...)>
+{
+    // A workaround for gcc 4.4 that doesn't allow F to be a reference.
+    typedef typename std::result_of<typename std::remove_reference<F>::type(Args...)>::type type;
+};
+} // namespace internal
+
+// A formatting argument. It is a trivially copyable/constructible type to
+// allow storage in basic_memory_buffer.
+template<typename Context>
+class basic_format_arg
+{
+private:
+    internal::value<Context> value_;
+    internal::type type_;
+
+    template<typename ContextType, typename T>
+    friend FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_arg<ContextType> internal::make_arg(const T &value);
+
+    template<typename Visitor, typename Ctx>
+    friend FMT_CONSTEXPR typename internal::result_of<Visitor(int)>::type visit(Visitor &&vis, basic_format_arg<Ctx> arg);
+
+    friend class basic_format_args<Context>;
+    friend class internal::arg_map<Context>;
+
+    typedef typename Context::char_type char_type;
+
+public:
+    class handle
+    {
+    public:
+        explicit handle(internal::custom_value<Context> custom)
+            : custom_(custom)
+        {
+        }
+
+        void format(Context &ctx) const
+        {
+            custom_.format(custom_.value, ctx);
+        }
+
+    private:
+        internal::custom_value<Context> custom_;
+    };
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_arg()
+        : type_(internal::none_type)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_EXPLICIT operator bool() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return type_ != internal::none_type;
+    }
+
+    internal::type type() const
+    {
+        return type_;
+    }
+
+    bool is_integral() const
+    {
+        return internal::is_integral(type_);
+    }
+    bool is_arithmetic() const
+    {
+        return internal::is_arithmetic(type_);
+    }
+};
+
+// Parsing context consisting of a format string range being parsed and an
+// argument counter for automatic indexing.
+template<typename Char, typename ErrorHandler = internal::error_handler>
+class basic_parse_context : private ErrorHandler
+{
+private:
+    basic_string_view<Char> format_str_;
+    int next_arg_id_;
+
+public:
+    typedef Char char_type;
+    typedef typename basic_string_view<Char>::iterator iterator;
+
+    explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_parse_context(basic_string_view<Char> format_str, ErrorHandler eh = ErrorHandler())
+        : ErrorHandler(eh)
+        , format_str_(format_str)
+        , next_arg_id_(0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Returns an iterator to the beginning of the format string range being
+    // parsed.
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR iterator begin() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return format_str_.begin();
+    }
+
+    // Returns an iterator past the end of the format string range being parsed.
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR iterator end() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return format_str_.end();
+    }
+
+    // Advances the begin iterator to ``it``.
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void advance_to(iterator it)
+    {
+        format_str_.remove_prefix(internal::to_unsigned(it - begin()));
+    }
+
+    // Returns the next argument index.
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR unsigned next_arg_id();
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR bool check_arg_id(unsigned)
+    {
+        if (next_arg_id_ > 0)
+        {
+            on_error("cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
+            return false;
+        }
+        next_arg_id_ = -1;
+        return true;
+    }
+    void check_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char>) {}
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        ErrorHandler::on_error(message);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR ErrorHandler error_handler() const
+    {
+        return *this;
+    }
+};
+
+typedef basic_parse_context<char> parse_context;
+typedef basic_parse_context<wchar_t> wparse_context;
+
+namespace internal {
+// A map from argument names to their values for named arguments.
+template<typename Context>
+class arg_map
+{
+private:
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(arg_map);
+
+    typedef typename Context::char_type char_type;
+
+    struct entry
+    {
+        basic_string_view<char_type> name;
+        basic_format_arg<Context> arg;
+    };
+
+    entry *map_;
+    unsigned size_;
+
+    void push_back(value<Context> val)
+    {
+        const internal::named_arg_base<char_type> &named = val.as_named_arg();
+        map_[size_] = entry{named.name, named.template deserialize<Context>()};
+        ++size_;
+    }
+
+public:
+    arg_map()
+        : map_(FMT_NULL)
+        , size_(0)
+    {
+    }
+    void init(const basic_format_args<Context> &args);
+    ~arg_map()
+    {
+        delete[] map_;
+    }
+
+    basic_format_arg<Context> find(basic_string_view<char_type> name) const
+    {
+        // The list is unsorted, so just return the first matching name.
+        for (entry *it = map_, *end = map_ + size_; it != end; ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->name == name)
+                return it->arg;
+        }
+        return basic_format_arg<Context>();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Context, typename Char>
+class context_base
+{
+public:
+    typedef OutputIt iterator;
+
+private:
+    basic_parse_context<Char> parse_context_;
+    iterator out_;
+    basic_format_args<Context> args_;
+
+protected:
+    typedef Char char_type;
+    typedef basic_format_arg<Context> format_arg;
+
+    context_base(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<char_type> format_str, basic_format_args<Context> ctx_args)
+        : parse_context_(format_str)
+        , out_(out)
+        , args_(ctx_args)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Returns the argument with specified index.
+    format_arg do_get_arg(unsigned arg_id)
+    {
+        format_arg arg = args_.get(arg_id);
+        if (!arg)
+            parse_context_.on_error("argument index out of range");
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    // Checks if manual indexing is used and returns the argument with
+    // specified index.
+    format_arg get_arg(unsigned arg_id)
+    {
+        return this->parse_context().check_arg_id(arg_id) ? this->do_get_arg(arg_id) : format_arg();
+    }
+
+public:
+    basic_parse_context<char_type> &parse_context()
+    {
+        return parse_context_;
+    }
+
+    internal::error_handler error_handler()
+    {
+        return parse_context_.error_handler();
+    }
+
+    void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        parse_context_.on_error(message);
+    }
+
+    // Returns an iterator to the beginning of the output range.
+    iterator out()
+    {
+        return out_;
+    }
+    iterator begin()
+    {
+        return out_;
+    } // deprecated
+
+    // Advances the begin iterator to ``it``.
+    void advance_to(iterator it)
+    {
+        out_ = it;
+    }
+
+    basic_format_args<Context> args() const
+    {
+        return args_;
+    }
+};
+
+// Extracts a reference to the container from back_insert_iterator.
+template<typename Container>
+inline Container &get_container(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> it)
+{
+    typedef std::back_insert_iterator<Container> bi_iterator;
+    struct accessor : bi_iterator
+    {
+        accessor(bi_iterator iter)
+            : bi_iterator(iter)
+        {
+        }
+        using bi_iterator::container;
+    };
+    return *accessor(it).container;
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+// Formatting context.
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char>
+class basic_format_context : public internal::context_base<OutputIt, basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>, Char>
+{
+public:
+    /** The character type for the output. */
+    typedef Char char_type;
+
+    // using formatter_type = formatter<T, char_type>;
+    template<typename T>
+    struct formatter_type
+    {
+        typedef formatter<T, char_type> type;
+    };
+
+private:
+    internal::arg_map<basic_format_context> map_;
+
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(basic_format_context);
+
+    typedef internal::context_base<OutputIt, basic_format_context, Char> base;
+    typedef typename base::format_arg format_arg;
+    using base::get_arg;
+
+public:
+    using typename base::iterator;
+
+    /**
+     Constructs a ``basic_format_context`` object. References to the arguments are
+     stored in the object so make sure they have appropriate lifetimes.
+     */
+    basic_format_context(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<char_type> format_str, basic_format_args<basic_format_context> ctx_args)
+        : base(out, format_str, ctx_args)
+    {
+    }
+
+    format_arg next_arg()
+    {
+        return this->do_get_arg(this->parse_context().next_arg_id());
+    }
+    format_arg get_arg(unsigned arg_id)
+    {
+        return this->do_get_arg(arg_id);
+    }
+
+    // Checks if manual indexing is used and returns the argument with the
+    // specified name.
+    format_arg get_arg(basic_string_view<char_type> name);
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct buffer_context
+{
+    typedef basic_format_context<std::back_insert_iterator<internal::basic_buffer<Char>>, Char> type;
+};
+typedef buffer_context<char>::type format_context;
+typedef buffer_context<wchar_t>::type wformat_context;
+
+namespace internal {
+template<typename Context, typename T>
+struct get_type
+{
+    typedef decltype(make_value<Context>(declval<typename std::decay<T>::type &>())) value_type;
+    static const type value = value_type::type_tag;
+};
+
+template<typename Context>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR unsigned long long get_types()
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+template<typename Context, typename Arg, typename... Args>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR unsigned long long get_types()
+{
+    return get_type<Context, Arg>::value | (get_types<Context, Args...>() << 4);
+}
+
+template<typename Context, typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_arg<Context> make_arg(const T &value)
+{
+    basic_format_arg<Context> arg;
+    arg.type_ = get_type<Context, T>::value;
+    arg.value_ = make_value<Context>(value);
+    return arg;
+}
+
+template<bool IS_PACKED, typename Context, typename T>
+inline typename std::enable_if<IS_PACKED, value<Context>>::type make_arg(const T &value)
+{
+    return make_value<Context>(value);
+}
+
+template<bool IS_PACKED, typename Context, typename T>
+inline typename std::enable_if<!IS_PACKED, basic_format_arg<Context>>::type make_arg(const T &value)
+{
+    return make_arg<Context>(value);
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  An array of references to arguments. It can be implicitly converted into
+  `~fmt::basic_format_args` for passing into type-erased formatting functions
+  such as `~fmt::vformat`.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename Context, typename... Args>
+class format_arg_store
+{
+private:
+    static const size_t NUM_ARGS = sizeof...(Args);
+
+    // Packed is a macro on MinGW so use IS_PACKED instead.
+    static const bool IS_PACKED = NUM_ARGS < internal::max_packed_args;
+
+    typedef typename std::conditional<IS_PACKED, internal::value<Context>, basic_format_arg<Context>>::type value_type;
+
+    // If the arguments are not packed, add one more element to mark the end.
+    static const size_t DATA_SIZE = NUM_ARGS + (IS_PACKED && NUM_ARGS != 0 ? 0 : 1);
+    value_type data_[DATA_SIZE];
+
+    friend class basic_format_args<Context>;
+
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR long long get_types()
+    {
+        return IS_PACKED ? static_cast<long long>(internal::get_types<Context, Args...>()) : -static_cast<long long>(NUM_ARGS);
+    }
+
+public:
+#if FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
+    static constexpr long long TYPES = get_types();
+#else
+    static const long long TYPES;
+#endif
+
+#if (FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION <= 405) || (FMT_MSC_VER && FMT_MSC_VER <= 1800)
+    // Workaround array initialization issues in gcc <= 4.5 and MSVC <= 2013.
+    format_arg_store(const Args &... args)
+    {
+        value_type init[DATA_SIZE] = {internal::make_arg<IS_PACKED, Context>(args)...};
+        std::memcpy(data_, init, sizeof(init));
+    }
+#else
+    format_arg_store(const Args &... args)
+        : data_{internal::make_arg<IS_PACKED, Context>(args)...}
+    {
+    }
+#endif
+};
+
+#if !FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
+template<typename Context, typename... Args>
+const long long format_arg_store<Context, Args...>::TYPES = get_types();
+#endif
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Constructs an `~fmt::format_arg_store` object that contains references to
+  arguments and can be implicitly converted to `~fmt::format_args`. `Context`
+  can
+  be omitted in which case it defaults to `~fmt::context`.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename Context, typename... Args>
+inline format_arg_store<Context, Args...> make_format_args(const Args &... args)
+{
+    return format_arg_store<Context, Args...>(args...);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline format_arg_store<format_context, Args...> make_format_args(const Args &... args)
+{
+    return format_arg_store<format_context, Args...>(args...);
+}
+
+/** Formatting arguments. */
+template<typename Context>
+class basic_format_args
+{
+public:
+    typedef unsigned size_type;
+    typedef basic_format_arg<Context> format_arg;
+
+private:
+    // To reduce compiled code size per formatting function call, types of first
+    // max_packed_args arguments are passed in the types_ field.
+    unsigned long long types_;
+    union
+    {
+        // If the number of arguments is less than max_packed_args, the argument
+        // values are stored in values_, otherwise they are stored in args_.
+        // This is done to reduce compiled code size as storing larger objects
+        // may require more code (at least on x86-64) even if the same amount of
+        // data is actually copied to stack. It saves ~10% on the bloat test.
+        const internal::value<Context> *values_;
+        const format_arg *args_;
+    };
+
+    typename internal::type type(unsigned index) const
+    {
+        unsigned shift = index * 4;
+        unsigned long long mask = 0xf;
+        return static_cast<typename internal::type>((types_ & (mask << shift)) >> shift);
+    }
+
+    friend class internal::arg_map<Context>;
+
+    void set_data(const internal::value<Context> *values)
+    {
+        values_ = values;
+    }
+    void set_data(const format_arg *args)
+    {
+        args_ = args;
+    }
+
+    format_arg do_get(size_type index) const
+    {
+        long long signed_types = static_cast<long long>(types_);
+        if (signed_types < 0)
+        {
+            unsigned long long num_args = static_cast<unsigned long long>(-signed_types);
+            return index < num_args ? args_[index] : format_arg();
+        }
+        format_arg arg;
+        if (index > internal::max_packed_args)
+            return arg;
+        arg.type_ = type(index);
+        if (arg.type_ == internal::none_type)
+            return arg;
+        internal::value<Context> &val = arg.value_;
+        val = values_[index];
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+public:
+    basic_format_args()
+        : types_(0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     \rst
+     Constructs a `basic_format_args` object from `~fmt::format_arg_store`.
+     \endrst
+     */
+    template<typename... Args>
+    basic_format_args(const format_arg_store<Context, Args...> &store)
+        : types_(static_cast<unsigned long long>(store.TYPES))
+    {
+        set_data(store.data_);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the argument at specified index. */
+    format_arg get(size_type index) const
+    {
+        format_arg arg = do_get(index);
+        return arg.type_ == internal::named_arg_type ? arg.value_.as_named_arg().template deserialize<Context>() : arg;
+    }
+
+    unsigned max_size() const
+    {
+        long long signed_types = static_cast<long long>(types_);
+        return static_cast<unsigned>(signed_types < 0 ? -signed_types : static_cast<long long>(internal::max_packed_args));
+    }
+};
+
+/** An alias to ``basic_format_args<context>``. */
+// It is a separate type rather than a typedef to make symbols readable.
+struct format_args : basic_format_args<format_context>
+{
+    template<typename... Args>
+    format_args(Args &&... arg)
+        : basic_format_args<format_context>(std::forward<Args>(arg)...)
+    {
+    }
+};
+struct wformat_args : basic_format_args<wformat_context>
+{
+    template<typename... Args>
+    wformat_args(Args &&... arg)
+        : basic_format_args<wformat_context>(std::forward<Args>(arg)...)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+namespace internal {
+template<typename Char>
+struct named_arg_base
+{
+    basic_string_view<Char> name;
+
+    // Serialized value<context>.
+    mutable char data[sizeof(basic_format_arg<format_context>)];
+
+    named_arg_base(basic_string_view<Char> nm)
+        : name(nm)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename Context>
+    basic_format_arg<Context> deserialize() const
+    {
+        basic_format_arg<Context> arg;
+        std::memcpy(&arg, data, sizeof(basic_format_arg<Context>));
+        return arg;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+struct named_arg : named_arg_base<Char>
+{
+    const T &value;
+
+    named_arg(basic_string_view<Char> name, const T &val)
+        : named_arg_base<Char>(name)
+        , value(val)
+    {
+    }
+};
+} // namespace internal
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Returns a named argument to be used in a formatting function.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::print("Elapsed time: {s:.2f} seconds", fmt::arg("s", 1.23));
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename T>
+inline internal::named_arg<T, char> arg(string_view name, const T &arg)
+{
+    return internal::named_arg<T, char>(name, arg);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline internal::named_arg<T, wchar_t> arg(wstring_view name, const T &arg)
+{
+    return internal::named_arg<T, wchar_t>(name, arg);
+}
+
+// This function template is deleted intentionally to disable nested named
+// arguments as in ``format("{}", arg("a", arg("b", 42)))``.
+template<typename S, typename T, typename Char>
+void arg(S, internal::named_arg<T, Char>) FMT_DELETED;
+
+#ifndef FMT_EXTENDED_COLORS
+// color and (v)print_colored are deprecated.
+enum color
+{
+    black,
+    red,
+    green,
+    yellow,
+    blue,
+    magenta,
+    cyan,
+    white
+};
+FMT_API void vprint_colored(color c, string_view format, format_args args);
+FMT_API void vprint_colored(color c, wstring_view format, wformat_args args);
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print_colored(color c, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint_colored(c, format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+}
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print_colored(color c, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint_colored(c, format_str, make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...));
+}
+#endif
+
+format_context::iterator vformat_to(internal::buffer &buf, string_view format_str, format_args args);
+wformat_context::iterator vformat_to(internal::wbuffer &buf, wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args);
+
+template<typename Container>
+struct is_contiguous : std::false_type
+{
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct is_contiguous<std::basic_string<Char>> : std::true_type
+{
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct is_contiguous<internal::basic_buffer<Char>> : std::true_type
+{
+};
+
+/** Formats a string and writes the output to ``out``. */
+template<typename Container>
+typename std::enable_if<is_contiguous<Container>::value, std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>::type vformat_to(
+    std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out, string_view format_str, format_args args)
+{
+    auto &container = internal::get_container(out);
+    internal::container_buffer<Container> buf(container);
+    vformat_to(buf, format_str, args);
+    return std::back_inserter(container);
+}
+
+template<typename Container>
+typename std::enable_if<is_contiguous<Container>::value, std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>::type vformat_to(
+    std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out, wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args)
+{
+    auto &container = internal::get_container(out);
+    internal::container_buffer<Container> buf(container);
+    vformat_to(buf, format_str, args);
+    return std::back_inserter(container);
+}
+
+std::string vformat(string_view format_str, format_args args);
+std::wstring vformat(wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args);
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Formats arguments and returns the result as a string.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    #include <fmt/core.h>
+    std::string message = fmt::format("The answer is {}", 42);
+  \endrst
+*/
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::string format(string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    // This should be just
+    // return vformat(format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+    // but gcc has trouble optimizing the latter, so break it down.
+    format_arg_store<format_context, Args...> as{args...};
+    return vformat(format_str, as);
+}
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::wstring format(wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    format_arg_store<wformat_context, Args...> as{args...};
+    return vformat(format_str, as);
+}
+
+FMT_API void vprint(std::FILE *f, string_view format_str, format_args args);
+FMT_API void vprint(std::FILE *f, wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args);
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to the file *f*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::print(stderr, "Don't {}!", "panic");
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(std::FILE *f, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    format_arg_store<format_context, Args...> as(args...);
+    vprint(f, format_str, as);
+}
+/**
+  Prints formatted data to the file *f* which should be in wide-oriented mode
+  set
+  via ``fwide(f, 1)`` or ``_setmode(_fileno(f), _O_U8TEXT)`` on Windows.
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(std::FILE *f, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    format_arg_store<wformat_context, Args...> as(args...);
+    vprint(f, format_str, as);
+}
+
+FMT_API void vprint(string_view format_str, format_args args);
+FMT_API void vprint(wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args);
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to ``stdout``.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::print("Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    format_arg_store<format_context, Args...> as{args...};
+    vprint(format_str, as);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    format_arg_store<wformat_context, Args...> as(args...);
+    vprint(format_str, as);
+}
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // FMT_CORE_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/format-inl.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/format-inl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1aba8c6e4a23ea7c68093b0f897966c86d0930eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/format-inl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,578 @@
+// Formatting library for C++
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
+#define FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <cctype>
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <climits>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdarg>
+#include <cstddef> // for std::ptrdiff_t
+#include <locale>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__)
+#include <cstring>
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+#if !defined(FMT_HEADER_ONLY) && !defined(WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN)
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#endif
+#if defined(NOMINMAX) || defined(FMT_WIN_MINMAX)
+#include <windows.h>
+#else
+#define NOMINMAX
+#include <windows.h>
+#undef NOMINMAX
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+#define FMT_TRY try
+#define FMT_CATCH(x) catch (x)
+#else
+#define FMT_TRY if (true)
+#define FMT_CATCH(x) if (false)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4127) // conditional expression is constant
+#pragma warning(disable : 4702) // unreachable code
+// Disable deprecation warning for strerror. The latter is not called but
+// MSVC fails to detect it.
+#pragma warning(disable : 4996)
+#endif
+
+// Dummy implementations of strerror_r and strerror_s called if corresponding
+// system functions are not available.
+inline fmt::internal::null<> strerror_r(int, char *, ...)
+{
+    return fmt::internal::null<>();
+}
+inline fmt::internal::null<> strerror_s(char *, std::size_t, ...)
+{
+    return fmt::internal::null<>();
+}
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace {
+
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+#define FMT_SNPRINTF snprintf
+#else // _MSC_VER
+inline int fmt_snprintf(char *buffer, size_t size, const char *format, ...)
+{
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, format);
+    int result = vsnprintf_s(buffer, size, _TRUNCATE, format, args);
+    va_end(args);
+    return result;
+}
+#define FMT_SNPRINTF fmt_snprintf
+#endif // _MSC_VER
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_ISOCEXT)
+#define FMT_SWPRINTF snwprintf
+#else
+#define FMT_SWPRINTF swprintf
+#endif // defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_ISOCEXT)
+
+typedef void (*FormatFunc)(internal::buffer &, int, string_view);
+
+// Portable thread-safe version of strerror.
+// Sets buffer to point to a string describing the error code.
+// This can be either a pointer to a string stored in buffer,
+// or a pointer to some static immutable string.
+// Returns one of the following values:
+//   0      - success
+//   ERANGE - buffer is not large enough to store the error message
+//   other  - failure
+// Buffer should be at least of size 1.
+int safe_strerror(int error_code, char *&buffer, std::size_t buffer_size) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    FMT_ASSERT(buffer != FMT_NULL && buffer_size != 0, "invalid buffer");
+
+    class dispatcher
+    {
+    private:
+        int error_code_;
+        char *&buffer_;
+        std::size_t buffer_size_;
+
+        // A noop assignment operator to avoid bogus warnings.
+        void operator=(const dispatcher &) {}
+
+        // Handle the result of XSI-compliant version of strerror_r.
+        int handle(int result)
+        {
+            // glibc versions before 2.13 return result in errno.
+            return result == -1 ? errno : result;
+        }
+
+        // Handle the result of GNU-specific version of strerror_r.
+        int handle(char *message)
+        {
+            // If the buffer is full then the message is probably truncated.
+            if (message == buffer_ && strlen(buffer_) == buffer_size_ - 1)
+                return ERANGE;
+            buffer_ = message;
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        // Handle the case when strerror_r is not available.
+        int handle(internal::null<>)
+        {
+            return fallback(strerror_s(buffer_, buffer_size_, error_code_));
+        }
+
+        // Fallback to strerror_s when strerror_r is not available.
+        int fallback(int result)
+        {
+            // If the buffer is full then the message is probably truncated.
+            return result == 0 && strlen(buffer_) == buffer_size_ - 1 ? ERANGE : result;
+        }
+
+        // Fallback to strerror if strerror_r and strerror_s are not available.
+        int fallback(internal::null<>)
+        {
+            errno = 0;
+            buffer_ = strerror(error_code_);
+            return errno;
+        }
+
+    public:
+        dispatcher(int err_code, char *&buf, std::size_t buf_size)
+            : error_code_(err_code)
+            , buffer_(buf)
+            , buffer_size_(buf_size)
+        {
+        }
+
+        int run()
+        {
+            return handle(strerror_r(error_code_, buffer_, buffer_size_));
+        }
+    };
+    return dispatcher(error_code, buffer, buffer_size).run();
+}
+
+void format_error_code(internal::buffer &out, int error_code, string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    // Report error code making sure that the output fits into
+    // inline_buffer_size to avoid dynamic memory allocation and potential
+    // bad_alloc.
+    out.resize(0);
+    static const char SEP[] = ": ";
+    static const char ERROR_STR[] = "error ";
+    // Subtract 2 to account for terminating null characters in SEP and ERROR_STR.
+    std::size_t error_code_size = sizeof(SEP) + sizeof(ERROR_STR) - 2;
+    typedef internal::int_traits<int>::main_type main_type;
+    main_type abs_value = static_cast<main_type>(error_code);
+    if (internal::is_negative(error_code))
+    {
+        abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+        ++error_code_size;
+    }
+    error_code_size += internal::count_digits(abs_value);
+    writer w(out);
+    if (message.size() <= inline_buffer_size - error_code_size)
+    {
+        w.write(message);
+        w.write(SEP);
+    }
+    w.write(ERROR_STR);
+    w.write(error_code);
+    assert(out.size() <= inline_buffer_size);
+}
+
+void report_error(FormatFunc func, int error_code, string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    memory_buffer full_message;
+    func(full_message, error_code, message);
+    // Use Writer::data instead of Writer::c_str to avoid potential memory
+    // allocation.
+    std::fwrite(full_message.data(), full_message.size(), 1, stderr);
+    std::fputc('\n', stderr);
+}
+} // namespace
+
+class locale
+{
+private:
+    std::locale locale_;
+
+public:
+    explicit locale(std::locale loc = std::locale())
+        : locale_(loc)
+    {
+    }
+    std::locale get()
+    {
+        return locale_;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+FMT_FUNC Char internal::thousands_sep(locale_provider *lp)
+{
+    std::locale loc = lp ? lp->locale().get() : std::locale();
+    return std::use_facet<std::numpunct<Char>>(loc).thousands_sep();
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void system_error::init(int err_code, string_view format_str, format_args args)
+{
+    error_code_ = err_code;
+    memory_buffer buffer;
+    format_system_error(buffer, err_code, vformat(format_str, args));
+    std::runtime_error &base = *this;
+    base = std::runtime_error(to_string(buffer));
+}
+
+namespace internal {
+template<typename T>
+int char_traits<char>::format_float(char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format, int precision, T value)
+{
+    return precision < 0 ? FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, value) : FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, precision, value);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+int char_traits<wchar_t>::format_float(wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format, int precision, T value)
+{
+    return precision < 0 ? FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, value) : FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, precision, value);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+const char basic_data<T>::DIGITS[] = "0001020304050607080910111213141516171819"
+                                     "2021222324252627282930313233343536373839"
+                                     "4041424344454647484950515253545556575859"
+                                     "6061626364656667686970717273747576777879"
+                                     "8081828384858687888990919293949596979899";
+
+#define FMT_POWERS_OF_10(factor)                                                                                                           \
+    factor * 10, factor * 100, factor * 1000, factor * 10000, factor * 100000, factor * 1000000, factor * 10000000, factor * 100000000,    \
+        factor * 1000000000
+
+template<typename T>
+const uint32_t basic_data<T>::POWERS_OF_10_32[] = {0, FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1)};
+
+template<typename T>
+const uint64_t basic_data<T>::POWERS_OF_10_64[] = {0, FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1), FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1000000000ull), 10000000000000000000ull};
+
+// Normalized 64-bit significands of pow(10, k), for k = -348, -340, ..., 340.
+// These are generated by support/compute-powers.py.
+template<typename T>
+const uint64_t basic_data<T>::POW10_SIGNIFICANDS[] = {0xfa8fd5a0081c0288, 0xbaaee17fa23ebf76, 0x8b16fb203055ac76, 0xcf42894a5dce35ea,
+    0x9a6bb0aa55653b2d, 0xe61acf033d1a45df, 0xab70fe17c79ac6ca, 0xff77b1fcbebcdc4f, 0xbe5691ef416bd60c, 0x8dd01fad907ffc3c,
+    0xd3515c2831559a83, 0x9d71ac8fada6c9b5, 0xea9c227723ee8bcb, 0xaecc49914078536d, 0x823c12795db6ce57, 0xc21094364dfb5637,
+    0x9096ea6f3848984f, 0xd77485cb25823ac7, 0xa086cfcd97bf97f4, 0xef340a98172aace5, 0xb23867fb2a35b28e, 0x84c8d4dfd2c63f3b,
+    0xc5dd44271ad3cdba, 0x936b9fcebb25c996, 0xdbac6c247d62a584, 0xa3ab66580d5fdaf6, 0xf3e2f893dec3f126, 0xb5b5ada8aaff80b8,
+    0x87625f056c7c4a8b, 0xc9bcff6034c13053, 0x964e858c91ba2655, 0xdff9772470297ebd, 0xa6dfbd9fb8e5b88f, 0xf8a95fcf88747d94,
+    0xb94470938fa89bcf, 0x8a08f0f8bf0f156b, 0xcdb02555653131b6, 0x993fe2c6d07b7fac, 0xe45c10c42a2b3b06, 0xaa242499697392d3,
+    0xfd87b5f28300ca0e, 0xbce5086492111aeb, 0x8cbccc096f5088cc, 0xd1b71758e219652c, 0x9c40000000000000, 0xe8d4a51000000000,
+    0xad78ebc5ac620000, 0x813f3978f8940984, 0xc097ce7bc90715b3, 0x8f7e32ce7bea5c70, 0xd5d238a4abe98068, 0x9f4f2726179a2245,
+    0xed63a231d4c4fb27, 0xb0de65388cc8ada8, 0x83c7088e1aab65db, 0xc45d1df942711d9a, 0x924d692ca61be758, 0xda01ee641a708dea,
+    0xa26da3999aef774a, 0xf209787bb47d6b85, 0xb454e4a179dd1877, 0x865b86925b9bc5c2, 0xc83553c5c8965d3d, 0x952ab45cfa97a0b3,
+    0xde469fbd99a05fe3, 0xa59bc234db398c25, 0xf6c69a72a3989f5c, 0xb7dcbf5354e9bece, 0x88fcf317f22241e2, 0xcc20ce9bd35c78a5,
+    0x98165af37b2153df, 0xe2a0b5dc971f303a, 0xa8d9d1535ce3b396, 0xfb9b7cd9a4a7443c, 0xbb764c4ca7a44410, 0x8bab8eefb6409c1a,
+    0xd01fef10a657842c, 0x9b10a4e5e9913129, 0xe7109bfba19c0c9d, 0xac2820d9623bf429, 0x80444b5e7aa7cf85, 0xbf21e44003acdd2d,
+    0x8e679c2f5e44ff8f, 0xd433179d9c8cb841, 0x9e19db92b4e31ba9, 0xeb96bf6ebadf77d9, 0xaf87023b9bf0ee6b};
+
+// Binary exponents of pow(10, k), for k = -348, -340, ..., 340, corresponding
+// to significands above.
+template<typename T>
+const int16_t basic_data<T>::POW10_EXPONENTS[] = {-1220, -1193, -1166, -1140, -1113, -1087, -1060, -1034, -1007, -980, -954, -927, -901,
+    -874, -847, -821, -794, -768, -741, -715, -688, -661, -635, -608, -582, -555, -529, -502, -475, -449, -422, -396, -369, -343, -316,
+    -289, -263, -236, -210, -183, -157, -130, -103, -77, -50, -24, 3, 30, 56, 83, 109, 136, 162, 189, 216, 242, 269, 295, 322, 348, 375,
+    402, 428, 455, 481, 508, 534, 561, 588, 614, 641, 667, 694, 720, 747, 774, 800, 827, 853, 880, 907, 933, 960, 986, 1013, 1039, 1066};
+
+template<typename T>
+const char basic_data<T>::RESET_COLOR[] = "\x1b[0m";
+template<typename T>
+const wchar_t basic_data<T>::WRESET_COLOR[] = L"\x1b[0m";
+
+FMT_FUNC fp operator*(fp x, fp y)
+{
+    // Multiply 32-bit parts of significands.
+    uint64_t mask = (1ULL << 32) - 1;
+    uint64_t a = x.f >> 32, b = x.f & mask;
+    uint64_t c = y.f >> 32, d = y.f & mask;
+    uint64_t ac = a * c, bc = b * c, ad = a * d, bd = b * d;
+    // Compute mid 64-bit of result and round.
+    uint64_t mid = (bd >> 32) + (ad & mask) + (bc & mask) + (1U << 31);
+    return fp(ac + (ad >> 32) + (bc >> 32) + (mid >> 32), x.e + y.e + 64);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC fp get_cached_power(int min_exponent, int &pow10_exponent)
+{
+    const double one_over_log2_10 = 0.30102999566398114; // 1 / log2(10)
+    int index = static_cast<int>(std::ceil((min_exponent + fp::significand_size - 1) * one_over_log2_10));
+    // Decimal exponent of the first (smallest) cached power of 10.
+    const int first_dec_exp = -348;
+    // Difference between two consecutive decimal exponents in cached powers of
+    // 10.
+    const int dec_exp_step = 8;
+    index = (index - first_dec_exp - 1) / dec_exp_step + 1;
+    pow10_exponent = first_dec_exp + index * dec_exp_step;
+    return fp(data::POW10_SIGNIFICANDS[index], data::POW10_EXPONENTS[index]);
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+
+FMT_FUNC internal::utf8_to_utf16::utf8_to_utf16(string_view s)
+{
+    static const char ERROR_MSG[] = "cannot convert string from UTF-8 to UTF-16";
+    if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
+        FMT_THROW(windows_error(ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER, ERROR_MSG));
+    int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
+    if (s_size == 0)
+    {
+        // MultiByteToWideChar does not support zero length, handle separately.
+        buffer_.resize(1);
+        buffer_[0] = 0;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    int length = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, FMT_NULL, 0);
+    if (length == 0)
+        FMT_THROW(windows_error(GetLastError(), ERROR_MSG));
+    buffer_.resize(length + 1);
+    length = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length);
+    if (length == 0)
+        FMT_THROW(windows_error(GetLastError(), ERROR_MSG));
+    buffer_[length] = 0;
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC internal::utf16_to_utf8::utf16_to_utf8(wstring_view s)
+{
+    if (int error_code = convert(s))
+    {
+        FMT_THROW(windows_error(error_code, "cannot convert string from UTF-16 to UTF-8"));
+    }
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC int internal::utf16_to_utf8::convert(wstring_view s)
+{
+    if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
+        return ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+    int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
+    if (s_size == 0)
+    {
+        // WideCharToMultiByte does not support zero length, handle separately.
+        buffer_.resize(1);
+        buffer_[0] = 0;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    int length = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, FMT_NULL, 0, FMT_NULL, FMT_NULL);
+    if (length == 0)
+        return GetLastError();
+    buffer_.resize(length + 1);
+    length = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length, FMT_NULL, FMT_NULL);
+    if (length == 0)
+        return GetLastError();
+    buffer_[length] = 0;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void windows_error::init(int err_code, string_view format_str, format_args args)
+{
+    error_code_ = err_code;
+    memory_buffer buffer;
+    internal::format_windows_error(buffer, err_code, vformat(format_str, args));
+    std::runtime_error &base = *this;
+    base = std::runtime_error(to_string(buffer));
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void internal::format_windows_error(internal::buffer &out, int error_code, string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    FMT_TRY
+    {
+        wmemory_buffer buf;
+        buf.resize(inline_buffer_size);
+        for (;;)
+        {
+            wchar_t *system_message = &buf[0];
+            int result = FormatMessageW(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, FMT_NULL, error_code,
+                MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), system_message, static_cast<uint32_t>(buf.size()), FMT_NULL);
+            if (result != 0)
+            {
+                utf16_to_utf8 utf8_message;
+                if (utf8_message.convert(system_message) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+                {
+                    writer w(out);
+                    w.write(message);
+                    w.write(": ");
+                    w.write(utf8_message);
+                    return;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER)
+                break; // Can't get error message, report error code instead.
+            buf.resize(buf.size() * 2);
+        }
+    }
+    FMT_CATCH(...) {}
+    format_error_code(out, error_code, message);
+}
+
+#endif // FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+
+FMT_FUNC void format_system_error(internal::buffer &out, int error_code, string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    FMT_TRY
+    {
+        memory_buffer buf;
+        buf.resize(inline_buffer_size);
+        for (;;)
+        {
+            char *system_message = &buf[0];
+            int result = safe_strerror(error_code, system_message, buf.size());
+            if (result == 0)
+            {
+                writer w(out);
+                w.write(message);
+                w.write(": ");
+                w.write(system_message);
+                return;
+            }
+            if (result != ERANGE)
+                break; // Can't get error message, report error code instead.
+            buf.resize(buf.size() * 2);
+        }
+    }
+    FMT_CATCH(...) {}
+    format_error_code(out, error_code, message);
+}
+
+template<typename Char>
+void basic_fixed_buffer<Char>::grow(std::size_t)
+{
+    FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error("buffer overflow"));
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void internal::error_handler::on_error(const char *message)
+{
+    FMT_THROW(format_error(message));
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void report_system_error(int error_code, fmt::string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    report_error(format_system_error, error_code, message);
+}
+
+#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+FMT_FUNC void report_windows_error(int error_code, fmt::string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    report_error(internal::format_windows_error, error_code, message);
+}
+#endif
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint(std::FILE *f, string_view format_str, format_args args)
+{
+    memory_buffer buffer;
+    vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
+    std::fwrite(buffer.data(), 1, buffer.size(), f);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint(std::FILE *f, wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args)
+{
+    wmemory_buffer buffer;
+    vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
+    std::fwrite(buffer.data(), sizeof(wchar_t), buffer.size(), f);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint(string_view format_str, format_args args)
+{
+    vprint(stdout, format_str, args);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint(wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args)
+{
+    vprint(stdout, format_str, args);
+}
+
+#ifndef FMT_EXTENDED_COLORS
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_colored(color c, string_view format, format_args args)
+{
+    char escape[] = "\x1b[30m";
+    escape[3] = static_cast<char>('0' + c);
+    std::fputs(escape, stdout);
+    vprint(format, args);
+    std::fputs(internal::data::RESET_COLOR, stdout);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_colored(color c, wstring_view format, wformat_args args)
+{
+    wchar_t escape[] = L"\x1b[30m";
+    escape[3] = static_cast<wchar_t>('0' + c);
+    std::fputws(escape, stdout);
+    vprint(format, args);
+    std::fputws(internal::data::WRESET_COLOR, stdout);
+}
+#else
+namespace internal {
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void to_esc(uint8_t c, char out[], int offset)
+{
+    out[offset + 0] = static_cast<char>('0' + c / 100);
+    out[offset + 1] = static_cast<char>('0' + c / 10 % 10);
+    out[offset + 2] = static_cast<char>('0' + c % 10);
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_rgb(rgb fd, string_view format, format_args args)
+{
+    char escape_fd[] = "\x1b[38;2;000;000;000m";
+    internal::to_esc(fd.r, escape_fd, 7);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.g, escape_fd, 11);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.b, escape_fd, 15);
+
+    std::fputs(escape_fd, stdout);
+    vprint(format, args);
+    std::fputs(internal::data::RESET_COLOR, stdout);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_rgb(rgb fd, rgb bg, string_view format, format_args args)
+{
+    char escape_fd[] = "\x1b[38;2;000;000;000m"; // foreground color
+    char escape_bg[] = "\x1b[48;2;000;000;000m"; // background color
+    internal::to_esc(fd.r, escape_fd, 7);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.g, escape_fd, 11);
+    internal::to_esc(fd.b, escape_fd, 15);
+
+    internal::to_esc(bg.r, escape_bg, 7);
+    internal::to_esc(bg.g, escape_bg, 11);
+    internal::to_esc(bg.b, escape_bg, 15);
+
+    std::fputs(escape_fd, stdout);
+    std::fputs(escape_bg, stdout);
+    vprint(format, args);
+    std::fputs(internal::data::RESET_COLOR, stdout);
+}
+#endif
+
+FMT_FUNC locale locale_provider::locale()
+{
+    return fmt::locale();
+}
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#endif // FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/format.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/format.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..60001f36326200e8bcaa27990d51453572ad1c72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/format.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4716 @@
+/*
+ Formatting library for C++
+
+ Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+ All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
+ ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+ LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+ ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FMT_FORMAT_H_
+#define FMT_FORMAT_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#define FMT_CLANG_VERSION (__clang_major__ * 100 + __clang_minor__)
+#else
+#define FMT_CLANG_VERSION 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
+#define FMT_ICC_VERSION __INTEL_COMPILER
+#elif defined(__ICL)
+#define FMT_ICC_VERSION __ICL
+#else
+#define FMT_ICC_VERSION 0
+#endif
+
+#include "core.h"
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 406 || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+
+// Disable the warning about declaration shadowing because it affects too
+// many valid cases.
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow"
+
+// Disable the warning about implicit conversions that may change the sign of
+// an integer; silencing it otherwise would require many explicit casts.
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-conversion"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _SECURE_SCL
+#define FMT_SECURE_SCL _SECURE_SCL
+#else
+#define FMT_SECURE_SCL 0
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_SECURE_SCL
+#include <iterator>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __has_builtin
+#define FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(x) __has_builtin(x)
+#else
+#define FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __GNUC_LIBSTD__
+#define FMT_GNUC_LIBSTD_VERSION (__GNUC_LIBSTD__ * 100 + __GNUC_LIBSTD_MINOR__)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_THROW
+#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+#if FMT_MSC_VER
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace internal {
+template<typename Exception>
+inline void do_throw(const Exception &x)
+{
+    // Silence unreachable code warnings in MSVC because these are nearly
+    // impossible to fix in a generic code.
+    volatile bool b = true;
+    if (b)
+        throw x;
+}
+} // namespace internal
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#define FMT_THROW(x) fmt::internal::do_throw(x)
+#else
+#define FMT_THROW(x) throw x
+#endif
+#else
+#define FMT_THROW(x)                                                                                                                       \
+    do                                                                                                                                     \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        static_cast<void>(sizeof(x));                                                                                                      \
+        assert(false);                                                                                                                     \
+    } while (false);
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+// For Intel's compiler both it and the system gcc/msc must support UDLs.
+#if (FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_user_literals) || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 407 || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900) && (!FMT_ICC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION >= 1500)
+#define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 1
+#else
+#define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 0
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS && !defined(FMT_ICC_VERSION) &&                                                                          \
+    ((FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 600 && __cplusplus >= 201402L) || (defined(FMT_CLANG_VERSION) && FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 304))
+#define FMT_UDL_TEMPLATE 1
+#else
+#define FMT_UDL_TEMPLATE 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
+#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#define FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES ((FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 209 && __cplusplus >= 201103L) || (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 303 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11))
+#else
+#define FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES 0
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11 || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_trailing_return) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1600
+#define FMT_USE_TRAILING_RETURN 1
+#else
+#define FMT_USE_TRAILING_RETURN 0
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11 || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_rvalue_references) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1600
+#define FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES 1
+#else
+#define FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_GRISU
+#define FMT_USE_GRISU 0
+#endif
+
+// __builtin_clz is broken in clang with Microsoft CodeGen:
+// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/519
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 400 || FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clz)
+#define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) __builtin_clz(n)
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 400 || FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clzll)
+#define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) __builtin_clzll(n)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// A workaround for gcc 4.4 that doesn't support union members with ctors.
+#if (FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION <= 404) || (FMT_MSC_VER && FMT_MSC_VER <= 1800)
+#define FMT_UNION struct
+#else
+#define FMT_UNION union
+#endif
+
+// Some compilers masquerade as both MSVC and GCC-likes or otherwise support
+// __builtin_clz and __builtin_clzll, so only define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ using the
+// MSVC intrinsics if the clz and clzll builtins are not available.
+#if FMT_MSC_VER && !defined(FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL) && !defined(_MANAGED)
+#include <intrin.h> // _BitScanReverse, _BitScanReverse64
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace internal {
+// Avoid Clang with Microsoft CodeGen's -Wunknown-pragmas warning.
+#ifndef __clang__
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
+#endif
+inline uint32_t clz(uint32_t x)
+{
+    unsigned long r = 0;
+    _BitScanReverse(&r, x);
+
+    assert(x != 0);
+// Static analysis complains about using uninitialized data
+// "r", but the only way that can happen is if "x" is 0,
+// which the callers guarantee to not happen.
+#pragma warning(suppress : 6102)
+    return 31 - r;
+}
+#define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) fmt::internal::clz(n)
+
+#if defined(_WIN64) && !defined(__clang__)
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse64)
+#endif
+
+inline uint32_t clzll(uint64_t x)
+{
+    unsigned long r = 0;
+#ifdef _WIN64
+    _BitScanReverse64(&r, x);
+#else
+    // Scan the high 32 bits.
+    if (_BitScanReverse(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x >> 32)))
+        return 63 - (r + 32);
+
+    // Scan the low 32 bits.
+    _BitScanReverse(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x));
+#endif
+
+    assert(x != 0);
+// Static analysis complains about using uninitialized data
+// "r", but the only way that can happen is if "x" is 0,
+// which the callers guarantee to not happen.
+#pragma warning(suppress : 6102)
+    return 63 - r;
+}
+#define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) fmt::internal::clzll(n)
+} // namespace internal
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace internal {
+
+// An equivalent of `*reinterpret_cast<Dest*>(&source)` that doesn't produce
+// undefined behavior (e.g. due to type aliasing).
+// Example: uint64_t d = bit_cast<uint64_t>(2.718);
+template<typename Dest, typename Source>
+inline Dest bit_cast(const Source &source)
+{
+    static_assert(sizeof(Dest) == sizeof(Source), "size mismatch");
+    Dest dest;
+    std::memcpy(&dest, &source, sizeof(dest));
+    return dest;
+}
+
+// An implementation of begin and end for pre-C++11 compilers such as gcc 4.
+template<typename C>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto begin(const C &c) -> decltype(c.begin())
+{
+    return c.begin();
+}
+template<typename T, std::size_t N>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR T *begin(T (&array)[N]) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    return array;
+}
+template<typename C>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto end(const C &c) -> decltype(c.end())
+{
+    return c.end();
+}
+template<typename T, std::size_t N>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR T *end(T (&array)[N]) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    return array + N;
+}
+
+// For std::result_of in gcc 4.4.
+template<typename Result>
+struct function
+{
+    template<typename T>
+    struct result
+    {
+        typedef Result type;
+    };
+};
+
+struct dummy_int
+{
+    int data[2];
+    operator int() const
+    {
+        return 0;
+    }
+};
+typedef std::numeric_limits<internal::dummy_int> fputil;
+
+// Dummy implementations of system functions such as signbit and ecvt called
+// if the latter are not available.
+inline dummy_int signbit(...)
+{
+    return dummy_int();
+}
+inline dummy_int _ecvt_s(...)
+{
+    return dummy_int();
+}
+inline dummy_int isinf(...)
+{
+    return dummy_int();
+}
+inline dummy_int _finite(...)
+{
+    return dummy_int();
+}
+inline dummy_int isnan(...)
+{
+    return dummy_int();
+}
+inline dummy_int _isnan(...)
+{
+    return dummy_int();
+}
+
+// A handmade floating-point number f * pow(2, e).
+class fp
+{
+private:
+    typedef uint64_t significand_type;
+
+    // All sizes are in bits.
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const int char_size = std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::digits;
+    // Subtract 1 to account for an implicit most significant bit in the
+    // normalized form.
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const int double_significand_size = std::numeric_limits<double>::digits - 1;
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const uint64_t implicit_bit = 1ull << double_significand_size;
+
+public:
+    significand_type f;
+    int e;
+
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const int significand_size = sizeof(significand_type) * char_size;
+
+    fp(uint64_t f, int e)
+        : f(f)
+        , e(e)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Constructs fp from an IEEE754 double. It is a template to prevent compile
+    // errors on platforms where double is not IEEE754.
+    template<typename Double>
+    explicit fp(Double d)
+    {
+        // Assume double is in the format [sign][exponent][significand].
+        typedef std::numeric_limits<Double> limits;
+        const int double_size = sizeof(Double) * char_size;
+        const int exponent_size = double_size - double_significand_size - 1; // -1 for sign
+        const uint64_t significand_mask = implicit_bit - 1;
+        const uint64_t exponent_mask = (~0ull >> 1) & ~significand_mask;
+        const int exponent_bias = (1 << exponent_size) - limits::max_exponent - 1;
+        auto u = bit_cast<uint64_t>(d);
+        auto biased_e = (u & exponent_mask) >> double_significand_size;
+        f = u & significand_mask;
+        if (biased_e != 0)
+            f += implicit_bit;
+        else
+            biased_e = 1; // Subnormals use biased exponent 1 (min exponent).
+        e = static_cast<int>(biased_e - exponent_bias - double_significand_size);
+    }
+
+    // Normalizes the value converted from double and multiplied by (1 << SHIFT).
+    template<int SHIFT = 0>
+    void normalize()
+    {
+        // Handle subnormals.
+        auto shifted_implicit_bit = implicit_bit << SHIFT;
+        while ((f & shifted_implicit_bit) == 0)
+        {
+            f <<= 1;
+            --e;
+        }
+        // Subtract 1 to account for hidden bit.
+        auto offset = significand_size - double_significand_size - SHIFT - 1;
+        f <<= offset;
+        e -= offset;
+    }
+};
+
+// Returns an fp number representing x - y. Result may not be normalized.
+inline fp operator-(fp x, fp y)
+{
+    FMT_ASSERT(x.f >= y.f && x.e == y.e, "invalid operands");
+    return fp(x.f - y.f, x.e);
+}
+
+// Computes an fp number r with r.f = x.f * y.f / pow(2, 64) rounded to nearest
+// with half-up tie breaking, r.e = x.e + y.e + 64. Result may not be
+// normalized.
+fp operator*(fp x, fp y);
+
+// Returns cached power (of 10) c_k = c_k.f * pow(2, c_k.e) such that its
+// (binary) exponent satisfies min_exponent <= c_k.e <= min_exponent + 3.
+fp get_cached_power(int min_exponent, int &pow10_exponent);
+
+template<typename Allocator>
+typename Allocator::value_type *allocate(Allocator &alloc, std::size_t n)
+{
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1700
+    return std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::allocate(alloc, n);
+#else
+    return alloc.allocate(n);
+#endif
+}
+
+// A helper function to suppress bogus "conditional expression is constant"
+// warnings.
+template<typename T>
+inline T const_check(T value)
+{
+    return value;
+}
+} // namespace internal
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace std {
+// Standard permits specialization of std::numeric_limits. This specialization
+// is used to resolve ambiguity between isinf and std::isinf in glibc:
+// https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=48891
+// and the same for isnan and signbit.
+template<>
+class numeric_limits<fmt::internal::dummy_int> : public std::numeric_limits<int>
+{
+public:
+    // Portable version of isinf.
+    template<typename T>
+    static bool isinfinity(T x)
+    {
+        using namespace fmt::internal;
+        // The resolution "priority" is:
+        // isinf macro > std::isinf > ::isinf > fmt::internal::isinf
+        if (const_check(sizeof(isinf(x)) != sizeof(dummy_int)))
+            return isinf(x) != 0;
+        return !_finite(static_cast<double>(x));
+    }
+
+    // Portable version of isnan.
+    template<typename T>
+    static bool isnotanumber(T x)
+    {
+        using namespace fmt::internal;
+        if (const_check(sizeof(isnan(x)) != sizeof(fmt::internal::dummy_int)))
+            return isnan(x) != 0;
+        return _isnan(static_cast<double>(x)) != 0;
+    }
+
+    // Portable version of signbit.
+    static bool isnegative(double x)
+    {
+        using namespace fmt::internal;
+        if (const_check(sizeof(signbit(x)) != sizeof(fmt::internal::dummy_int)))
+            return signbit(x) != 0;
+        if (x < 0)
+            return true;
+        if (!isnotanumber(x))
+            return false;
+        int dec = 0, sign = 0;
+        char buffer[2]; // The buffer size must be >= 2 or _ecvt_s will fail.
+        _ecvt_s(buffer, sizeof(buffer), x, 0, &dec, &sign);
+        return sign != 0;
+    }
+};
+} // namespace std
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+template<typename Range>
+class basic_writer;
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename T = typename OutputIt::value_type>
+class output_range
+{
+private:
+    OutputIt it_;
+
+    // Unused yet.
+    typedef void sentinel;
+    sentinel end() const;
+
+public:
+    typedef OutputIt iterator;
+    typedef T value_type;
+
+    explicit output_range(OutputIt it)
+        : it_(it)
+    {
+    }
+    OutputIt begin() const
+    {
+        return it_;
+    }
+};
+
+// A range where begin() returns back_insert_iterator.
+template<typename Container>
+class back_insert_range : public output_range<std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>
+{
+    typedef output_range<std::back_insert_iterator<Container>> base;
+
+public:
+    typedef typename Container::value_type value_type;
+
+    back_insert_range(Container &c)
+        : base(std::back_inserter(c))
+    {
+    }
+    back_insert_range(typename base::iterator it)
+        : base(it)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+typedef basic_writer<back_insert_range<internal::buffer>> writer;
+typedef basic_writer<back_insert_range<internal::wbuffer>> wwriter;
+
+/** A formatting error such as invalid format string. */
+class format_error : public std::runtime_error
+{
+public:
+    explicit format_error(const char *message)
+        : std::runtime_error(message)
+    {
+    }
+
+    explicit format_error(const std::string &message)
+        : std::runtime_error(message)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+namespace internal {
+
+#if FMT_SECURE_SCL
+template<typename T>
+struct checked
+{
+    typedef stdext::checked_array_iterator<T *> type;
+};
+
+// Make a checked iterator to avoid warnings on MSVC.
+template<typename T>
+inline stdext::checked_array_iterator<T *> make_checked(T *p, std::size_t size)
+{
+    return {p, size};
+}
+#else
+template<typename T>
+struct checked
+{
+    typedef T *type;
+};
+template<typename T>
+inline T *make_checked(T *p, std::size_t)
+{
+    return p;
+}
+#endif
+
+template<typename T>
+template<typename U>
+void basic_buffer<T>::append(const U *begin, const U *end)
+{
+    std::size_t new_size = size_ + internal::to_unsigned(end - begin);
+    reserve(new_size);
+    std::uninitialized_copy(begin, end, internal::make_checked(ptr_, capacity_) + size_);
+    size_ = new_size;
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+// A wrapper around std::locale used to reduce compile times since <locale>
+// is very heavy.
+class locale;
+
+class locale_provider
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~locale_provider() {}
+    virtual fmt::locale locale();
+};
+
+// The number of characters to store in the basic_memory_buffer object itself
+// to avoid dynamic memory allocation.
+enum
+{
+    inline_buffer_size = 500
+};
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  A dynamically growing memory buffer for trivially copyable/constructible types
+  with the first ``SIZE`` elements stored in the object itself.
+
+  You can use one of the following typedefs for common character types:
+
+  +----------------+------------------------------+
+  | Type           | Definition                   |
+  +================+==============================+
+  | memory_buffer  | basic_memory_buffer<char>    |
+  +----------------+------------------------------+
+  | wmemory_buffer | basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t> |
+  +----------------+------------------------------+
+
+  **Example**::
+
+     fmt::memory_buffer out;
+     format_to(out, "The answer is {}.", 42);
+
+  This will write the following output to the ``out`` object:
+
+  .. code-block:: none
+
+     The answer is 42.
+
+  The output can be converted to an ``std::string`` with ``to_string(out)``.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename T, std::size_t SIZE = inline_buffer_size, typename Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
+class basic_memory_buffer : private Allocator, public internal::basic_buffer<T>
+{
+private:
+    T store_[SIZE];
+
+    // Deallocate memory allocated by the buffer.
+    void deallocate()
+    {
+        T *data = this->data();
+        if (data != store_)
+            Allocator::deallocate(data, this->capacity());
+    }
+
+protected:
+    void grow(std::size_t size) FMT_OVERRIDE;
+
+public:
+    explicit basic_memory_buffer(const Allocator &alloc = Allocator())
+        : Allocator(alloc)
+    {
+        this->set(store_, SIZE);
+    }
+    ~basic_memory_buffer()
+    {
+        deallocate();
+    }
+
+private:
+    // Move data from other to this buffer.
+    void move(basic_memory_buffer &other)
+    {
+        Allocator &this_alloc = *this, &other_alloc = other;
+        this_alloc = std::move(other_alloc);
+        T *data = other.data();
+        std::size_t size = other.size(), capacity = other.capacity();
+        if (data == other.store_)
+        {
+            this->set(store_, capacity);
+            std::uninitialized_copy(other.store_, other.store_ + size, internal::make_checked(store_, capacity));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            this->set(data, capacity);
+            // Set pointer to the inline array so that delete is not called
+            // when deallocating.
+            other.set(other.store_, 0);
+        }
+        this->resize(size);
+    }
+
+public:
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Constructs a :class:`fmt::basic_memory_buffer` object moving the content
+      of the other object to it.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    basic_memory_buffer(basic_memory_buffer &&other)
+    {
+        move(other);
+    }
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Moves the content of the other ``basic_memory_buffer`` object to this one.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    basic_memory_buffer &operator=(basic_memory_buffer &&other)
+    {
+        assert(this != &other);
+        deallocate();
+        move(other);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // Returns a copy of the allocator associated with this buffer.
+    Allocator get_allocator() const
+    {
+        return *this;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T, std::size_t SIZE, typename Allocator>
+void basic_memory_buffer<T, SIZE, Allocator>::grow(std::size_t size)
+{
+    std::size_t old_capacity = this->capacity();
+    std::size_t new_capacity = old_capacity + old_capacity / 2;
+    if (size > new_capacity)
+        new_capacity = size;
+    T *old_data = this->data();
+    T *new_data = internal::allocate<Allocator>(*this, new_capacity);
+    // The following code doesn't throw, so the raw pointer above doesn't leak.
+    std::uninitialized_copy(old_data, old_data + this->size(), internal::make_checked(new_data, new_capacity));
+    this->set(new_data, new_capacity);
+    // deallocate must not throw according to the standard, but even if it does,
+    // the buffer already uses the new storage and will deallocate it in
+    // destructor.
+    if (old_data != store_)
+        Allocator::deallocate(old_data, old_capacity);
+}
+
+typedef basic_memory_buffer<char> memory_buffer;
+typedef basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t> wmemory_buffer;
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  A fixed-size memory buffer. For a dynamically growing buffer use
+  :class:`fmt::basic_memory_buffer`.
+
+  Trying to increase the buffer size past the initial capacity will throw
+  ``std::runtime_error``.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename Char>
+class basic_fixed_buffer : public internal::basic_buffer<Char>
+{
+public:
+    /**
+     \rst
+     Constructs a :class:`fmt::basic_fixed_buffer` object for *array* of the
+     given size.
+     \endrst
+     */
+    basic_fixed_buffer(Char *array, std::size_t size)
+    {
+        this->set(array, size);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     \rst
+     Constructs a :class:`fmt::basic_fixed_buffer` object for *array* of the
+     size known at compile time.
+     \endrst
+     */
+    template<std::size_t SIZE>
+    explicit basic_fixed_buffer(Char (&array)[SIZE])
+    {
+        this->set(array, SIZE);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    FMT_API void grow(std::size_t size) FMT_OVERRIDE;
+};
+
+namespace internal {
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct char_traits;
+
+template<>
+struct char_traits<char>
+{
+    // Formats a floating-point number.
+    template<typename T>
+    FMT_API static int format_float(char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format, int precision, T value);
+};
+
+template<>
+struct char_traits<wchar_t>
+{
+    template<typename T>
+    FMT_API static int format_float(wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format, int precision, T value);
+};
+
+#if FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
+extern template int char_traits<char>::format_float<double>(
+    char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format, int precision, double value);
+extern template int char_traits<char>::format_float<long double>(
+    char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format, int precision, long double value);
+
+extern template int char_traits<wchar_t>::format_float<double>(
+    wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format, int precision, double value);
+extern template int char_traits<wchar_t>::format_float<long double>(
+    wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format, int precision, long double value);
+#endif
+
+template<typename Container>
+inline typename std::enable_if<is_contiguous<Container>::value, typename checked<typename Container::value_type>::type>::type reserve(
+    std::back_insert_iterator<Container> &it, std::size_t n)
+{
+    Container &c = internal::get_container(it);
+    std::size_t size = c.size();
+    c.resize(size + n);
+    return make_checked(&c[size], n);
+}
+
+template<typename Iterator>
+inline Iterator &reserve(Iterator &it, std::size_t)
+{
+    return it;
+}
+
+template<typename Char>
+class null_terminating_iterator;
+
+template<typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const Char *pointer_from(null_terminating_iterator<Char> it);
+
+// An iterator that produces a null terminator on *end. This simplifies parsing
+// and allows comparing the performance of processing a null-terminated string
+// vs string_view.
+template<typename Char>
+class null_terminating_iterator
+{
+public:
+    typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+    typedef Char value_type;
+    typedef const Char *pointer;
+    typedef const Char &reference;
+    typedef std::random_access_iterator_tag iterator_category;
+
+    null_terminating_iterator()
+        : ptr_(0)
+        , end_(0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR null_terminating_iterator(const Char *ptr, const Char *end)
+        : ptr_(ptr)
+        , end_(end)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename Range>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit null_terminating_iterator(const Range &r)
+        : ptr_(r.begin())
+        , end_(r.end())
+    {
+    }
+
+    null_terminating_iterator &operator=(const Char *ptr)
+    {
+        assert(ptr <= end_);
+        ptr_ = ptr;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR Char operator*() const
+    {
+        return ptr_ != end_ ? *ptr_ : 0;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR null_terminating_iterator operator++()
+    {
+        ++ptr_;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR null_terminating_iterator operator++(int)
+    {
+        null_terminating_iterator result(*this);
+        ++ptr_;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR null_terminating_iterator operator--()
+    {
+        --ptr_;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR null_terminating_iterator operator+(difference_type n)
+    {
+        return null_terminating_iterator(ptr_ + n, end_);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR null_terminating_iterator operator-(difference_type n)
+    {
+        return null_terminating_iterator(ptr_ - n, end_);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR null_terminating_iterator operator+=(difference_type n)
+    {
+        ptr_ += n;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR difference_type operator-(null_terminating_iterator other) const
+    {
+        return ptr_ - other.ptr_;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR bool operator!=(null_terminating_iterator other) const
+    {
+        return ptr_ != other.ptr_;
+    }
+
+    bool operator>=(null_terminating_iterator other) const
+    {
+        return ptr_ >= other.ptr_;
+    }
+
+    // This should be a friend specialization pointer_from<Char> but the latter
+    // doesn't compile by gcc 5.1 due to a compiler bug.
+    template<typename CharT>
+    friend FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const CharT *pointer_from(null_terminating_iterator<CharT> it);
+
+private:
+    const Char *ptr_;
+    const Char *end_;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const T *pointer_from(const T *p)
+{
+    return p;
+}
+
+template<typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const Char *pointer_from(null_terminating_iterator<Char> it)
+{
+    return it.ptr_;
+}
+
+// An output iterator that counts the number of objects written to it and
+// discards them.
+template<typename T>
+class counting_iterator
+{
+private:
+    std::size_t count_;
+    mutable T blackhole_;
+
+public:
+    typedef std::output_iterator_tag iterator_category;
+    typedef T value_type;
+    typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+    typedef T *pointer;
+    typedef T &reference;
+    typedef counting_iterator _Unchecked_type; // Mark iterator as checked.
+
+    counting_iterator()
+        : count_(0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    std::size_t count() const
+    {
+        return count_;
+    }
+
+    counting_iterator &operator++()
+    {
+        ++count_;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    counting_iterator operator++(int)
+    {
+        auto it = *this;
+        ++*this;
+        return it;
+    }
+
+    T &operator*() const
+    {
+        return blackhole_;
+    }
+};
+
+// An output iterator that truncates the output and counts the number of objects
+// written to it.
+template<typename OutputIt>
+class truncating_iterator
+{
+private:
+    typedef std::iterator_traits<OutputIt> traits;
+
+    OutputIt out_;
+    std::size_t limit_;
+    std::size_t count_;
+    mutable typename traits::value_type blackhole_;
+
+public:
+    typedef std::output_iterator_tag iterator_category;
+    typedef typename traits::value_type value_type;
+    typedef typename traits::difference_type difference_type;
+    typedef typename traits::pointer pointer;
+    typedef typename traits::reference reference;
+    typedef truncating_iterator _Unchecked_type; // Mark iterator as checked.
+
+    truncating_iterator(OutputIt out, std::size_t limit)
+        : out_(out)
+        , limit_(limit)
+        , count_(0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    OutputIt base() const
+    {
+        return out_;
+    }
+    std::size_t count() const
+    {
+        return count_;
+    }
+
+    truncating_iterator &operator++()
+    {
+        if (count_++ < limit_)
+            ++out_;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    truncating_iterator operator++(int)
+    {
+        auto it = *this;
+        ++*this;
+        return it;
+    }
+
+    reference operator*() const
+    {
+        return count_ < limit_ ? *out_ : blackhole_;
+    }
+};
+
+// Returns true if value is negative, false otherwise.
+// Same as (value < 0) but doesn't produce warnings if T is an unsigned type.
+template<typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed, bool>::type is_negative(T value)
+{
+    return value < 0;
+}
+template<typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed, bool>::type is_negative(T)
+{
+    return false;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+struct int_traits
+{
+    // Smallest of uint32_t and uint64_t that is large enough to represent
+    // all values of T.
+    typedef typename std::conditional<std::numeric_limits<T>::digits <= 32, uint32_t, uint64_t>::type main_type;
+};
+
+// Static data is placed in this class template to allow header-only
+// configuration.
+template<typename T = void>
+struct FMT_API basic_data
+{
+    static const uint32_t POWERS_OF_10_32[];
+    static const uint64_t POWERS_OF_10_64[];
+    static const uint64_t POW10_SIGNIFICANDS[];
+    static const int16_t POW10_EXPONENTS[];
+    static const char DIGITS[];
+    static const char RESET_COLOR[];
+    static const wchar_t WRESET_COLOR[];
+};
+
+#if FMT_USE_EXTERN_TEMPLATES
+extern template struct basic_data<void>;
+#endif
+
+typedef basic_data<> data;
+
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL
+// Returns the number of decimal digits in n. Leading zeros are not counted
+// except for n == 0 in which case count_digits returns 1.
+inline unsigned count_digits(uint64_t n)
+{
+    // Based on http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#IntegerLog10
+    // and the benchmark https://github.com/localvoid/cxx-benchmark-count-digits.
+    int t = (64 - FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n | 1)) * 1233 >> 12;
+    return to_unsigned(t) - (n < data::POWERS_OF_10_64[t]) + 1;
+}
+#else
+// Fallback version of count_digits used when __builtin_clz is not available.
+inline unsigned count_digits(uint64_t n)
+{
+    unsigned count = 1;
+    for (;;)
+    {
+        // Integer division is slow so do it for a group of four digits instead
+        // of for every digit. The idea comes from the talk by Alexandrescu
+        // "Three Optimization Tips for C++". See speed-test for a comparison.
+        if (n < 10)
+            return count;
+        if (n < 100)
+            return count + 1;
+        if (n < 1000)
+            return count + 2;
+        if (n < 10000)
+            return count + 3;
+        n /= 10000u;
+        count += 4;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(always_inline)
+#define FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE __attribute__((always_inline))
+#else
+#define FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE
+#endif
+
+template<typename Handler>
+inline char *lg(uint32_t n, Handler h) FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE;
+
+// Computes g = floor(log10(n)) and calls h.on<g>(n);
+template<typename Handler>
+inline char *lg(uint32_t n, Handler h)
+{
+    return n < 100 ? n < 10 ? h.template on<0>(n) : h.template on<1>(n)
+                   : n < 1000000 ? n < 10000 ? n < 1000 ? h.template on<2>(n) : h.template on<3>(n)
+                                             : n < 100000 ? h.template on<4>(n) : h.template on<5>(n)
+                                 : n < 100000000 ? n < 10000000 ? h.template on<6>(n) : h.template on<7>(n)
+                                                 : n < 1000000000 ? h.template on<8>(n) : h.template on<9>(n);
+}
+
+// An lg handler that formats a decimal number.
+// Usage: lg(n, decimal_formatter(buffer));
+class decimal_formatter
+{
+private:
+    char *buffer_;
+
+    void write_pair(unsigned N, uint32_t index)
+    {
+        std::memcpy(buffer_ + N, data::DIGITS + index * 2, 2);
+    }
+
+public:
+    explicit decimal_formatter(char *buf)
+        : buffer_(buf)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<unsigned N>
+    char *on(uint32_t u)
+    {
+        if (N == 0)
+        {
+            *buffer_ = static_cast<char>(u) + '0';
+        }
+        else if (N == 1)
+        {
+            write_pair(0, u);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // The idea of using 4.32 fixed-point numbers is based on
+            // https://github.com/jeaiii/itoa
+            unsigned n = N - 1;
+            unsigned a = n / 5 * n * 53 / 16;
+            uint64_t t = ((1ULL << (32 + a)) / data::POWERS_OF_10_32[n] + 1 - n / 9);
+            t = ((t * u) >> a) + n / 5 * 4;
+            write_pair(0, t >> 32);
+            for (unsigned i = 2; i < N; i += 2)
+            {
+                t = 100ULL * static_cast<uint32_t>(t);
+                write_pair(i, t >> 32);
+            }
+            if (N % 2 == 0)
+            {
+                buffer_[N] = static_cast<char>((10ULL * static_cast<uint32_t>(t)) >> 32) + '0';
+            }
+        }
+        return buffer_ += N + 1;
+    }
+};
+
+// An lg handler that formats a decimal number with a terminating null.
+class decimal_formatter_null : public decimal_formatter
+{
+public:
+    explicit decimal_formatter_null(char *buf)
+        : decimal_formatter(buf)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<unsigned N>
+    char *on(uint32_t u)
+    {
+        char *buf = decimal_formatter::on<N>(u);
+        *buf = '\0';
+        return buf;
+    }
+};
+
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
+// Optional version of count_digits for better performance on 32-bit platforms.
+inline unsigned count_digits(uint32_t n)
+{
+    int t = (32 - FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n | 1)) * 1233 >> 12;
+    return to_unsigned(t) - (n < data::POWERS_OF_10_32[t]) + 1;
+}
+#endif
+
+// A functor that doesn't add a thousands separator.
+struct no_thousands_sep
+{
+    typedef char char_type;
+
+    template<typename Char>
+    void operator()(Char *)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+// A functor that adds a thousands separator.
+template<typename Char>
+class add_thousands_sep
+{
+private:
+    basic_string_view<Char> sep_;
+
+    // Index of a decimal digit with the least significant digit having index 0.
+    unsigned digit_index_;
+
+public:
+    typedef Char char_type;
+
+    explicit add_thousands_sep(basic_string_view<Char> sep)
+        : sep_(sep)
+        , digit_index_(0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    void operator()(Char *&buffer)
+    {
+        if (++digit_index_ % 3 != 0)
+            return;
+        buffer -= sep_.size();
+        std::uninitialized_copy(sep_.data(), sep_.data() + sep_.size(), internal::make_checked(buffer, sep_.size()));
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+FMT_API Char thousands_sep(locale_provider *lp);
+
+// Formats a decimal unsigned integer value writing into buffer.
+// thousands_sep is a functor that is called after writing each char to
+// add a thousands separator if necessary.
+template<typename UInt, typename Char, typename ThousandsSep>
+inline Char *format_decimal(Char *buffer, UInt value, unsigned num_digits, ThousandsSep thousands_sep)
+{
+    buffer += num_digits;
+    Char *end = buffer;
+    while (value >= 100)
+    {
+        // Integer division is slow so do it for a group of two digits instead
+        // of for every digit. The idea comes from the talk by Alexandrescu
+        // "Three Optimization Tips for C++". See speed-test for a comparison.
+        unsigned index = static_cast<unsigned>((value % 100) * 2);
+        value /= 100;
+        *--buffer = data::DIGITS[index + 1];
+        thousands_sep(buffer);
+        *--buffer = data::DIGITS[index];
+        thousands_sep(buffer);
+    }
+    if (value < 10)
+    {
+        *--buffer = static_cast<char>('0' + value);
+        return end;
+    }
+    unsigned index = static_cast<unsigned>(value * 2);
+    *--buffer = data::DIGITS[index + 1];
+    thousands_sep(buffer);
+    *--buffer = data::DIGITS[index];
+    return end;
+}
+
+template<typename UInt, typename Iterator, typename ThousandsSep>
+inline Iterator format_decimal(Iterator out, UInt value, unsigned num_digits, ThousandsSep sep)
+{
+    typedef typename ThousandsSep::char_type char_type;
+    // Buffer should be large enough to hold all digits (digits10 + 1) and null.
+    char_type buffer[std::numeric_limits<UInt>::digits10 + 2];
+    format_decimal(buffer, value, num_digits, sep);
+    return std::copy_n(buffer, num_digits, out);
+}
+
+template<typename It, typename UInt>
+inline It format_decimal(It out, UInt value, unsigned num_digits)
+{
+    return format_decimal(out, value, num_digits, no_thousands_sep());
+}
+
+template<unsigned BASE_BITS, typename Char, typename UInt>
+inline Char *format_uint(Char *buffer, UInt value, unsigned num_digits, bool upper = false)
+{
+    buffer += num_digits;
+    Char *end = buffer;
+    do
+    {
+        const char *digits = upper ? "0123456789ABCDEF" : "0123456789abcdef";
+        unsigned digit = (value & ((1 << BASE_BITS) - 1));
+        *--buffer = BASE_BITS < 4 ? static_cast<char>('0' + digit) : digits[digit];
+    } while ((value >>= BASE_BITS) != 0);
+    return end;
+}
+
+template<unsigned BASE_BITS, typename It, typename UInt>
+inline It format_uint(It out, UInt value, unsigned num_digits, bool upper = false)
+{
+    // Buffer should be large enough to hold all digits (digits / BASE_BITS + 1)
+    // and null.
+    char buffer[std::numeric_limits<UInt>::digits / BASE_BITS + 2];
+    format_uint<BASE_BITS>(buffer, value, num_digits, upper);
+    return std::copy_n(buffer, num_digits, out);
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#define FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H 0
+#elif !defined(FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H)
+#define FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H 1
+#endif
+
+// Define FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H to 0 to disable use of windows.h.
+// All the functionality that relies on it will be disabled too.
+#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+// A converter from UTF-8 to UTF-16.
+// It is only provided for Windows since other systems support UTF-8 natively.
+class utf8_to_utf16
+{
+private:
+    wmemory_buffer buffer_;
+
+public:
+    FMT_API explicit utf8_to_utf16(string_view s);
+    operator wstring_view() const
+    {
+        return wstring_view(&buffer_[0], size());
+    }
+    size_t size() const
+    {
+        return buffer_.size() - 1;
+    }
+    const wchar_t *c_str() const
+    {
+        return &buffer_[0];
+    }
+    std::wstring str() const
+    {
+        return std::wstring(&buffer_[0], size());
+    }
+};
+
+// A converter from UTF-16 to UTF-8.
+// It is only provided for Windows since other systems support UTF-8 natively.
+class utf16_to_utf8
+{
+private:
+    memory_buffer buffer_;
+
+public:
+    utf16_to_utf8() {}
+    FMT_API explicit utf16_to_utf8(wstring_view s);
+    operator string_view() const
+    {
+        return string_view(&buffer_[0], size());
+    }
+    size_t size() const
+    {
+        return buffer_.size() - 1;
+    }
+    const char *c_str() const
+    {
+        return &buffer_[0];
+    }
+    std::string str() const
+    {
+        return std::string(&buffer_[0], size());
+    }
+
+    // Performs conversion returning a system error code instead of
+    // throwing exception on conversion error. This method may still throw
+    // in case of memory allocation error.
+    FMT_API int convert(wstring_view s);
+};
+
+FMT_API void format_windows_error(fmt::internal::buffer &out, int error_code, fmt::string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+#endif
+
+template<typename T = void>
+struct null
+{
+};
+} // namespace internal
+
+struct monostate
+{
+};
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Visits an argument dispatching to the appropriate visit method based on
+  the argument type. For example, if the argument type is ``double`` then
+  ``vis(value)`` will be called with the value of type ``double``.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename Visitor, typename Context>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR typename internal::result_of<Visitor(int)>::type visit(Visitor &&vis, basic_format_arg<Context> arg)
+{
+    typedef typename Context::char_type char_type;
+    switch (arg.type_)
+    {
+    case internal::none_type:
+        break;
+    case internal::named_arg_type:
+        FMT_ASSERT(false, "invalid argument type");
+        break;
+    case internal::int_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.int_value);
+    case internal::uint_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.uint_value);
+    case internal::long_long_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.long_long_value);
+    case internal::ulong_long_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.ulong_long_value);
+    case internal::bool_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.int_value != 0);
+    case internal::char_type:
+        return vis(static_cast<char_type>(arg.value_.int_value));
+    case internal::double_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.double_value);
+    case internal::long_double_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.long_double_value);
+    case internal::cstring_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.string.value);
+    case internal::string_type:
+        return vis(basic_string_view<char_type>(arg.value_.string.value, arg.value_.string.size));
+    case internal::pointer_type:
+        return vis(arg.value_.pointer);
+    case internal::custom_type:
+        return vis(typename basic_format_arg<Context>::handle(arg.value_.custom));
+    }
+    return vis(monostate());
+}
+
+enum alignment
+{
+    ALIGN_DEFAULT,
+    ALIGN_LEFT,
+    ALIGN_RIGHT,
+    ALIGN_CENTER,
+    ALIGN_NUMERIC
+};
+
+// Flags.
+enum
+{
+    SIGN_FLAG = 1,
+    PLUS_FLAG = 2,
+    MINUS_FLAG = 4,
+    HASH_FLAG = 8
+};
+
+enum format_spec_tag
+{
+    fill_tag,
+    align_tag,
+    width_tag,
+    type_tag
+};
+
+// Format specifier.
+template<typename T, format_spec_tag>
+class format_spec
+{
+private:
+    T value_;
+
+public:
+    typedef T value_type;
+
+    explicit format_spec(T value)
+        : value_(value)
+    {
+    }
+
+    T value() const
+    {
+        return value_;
+    }
+};
+
+// template <typename Char>
+// typedef format_spec<Char, fill_tag> fill_spec;
+template<typename Char>
+class fill_spec : public format_spec<Char, fill_tag>
+{
+public:
+    explicit fill_spec(Char value)
+        : format_spec<Char, fill_tag>(value)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+typedef format_spec<unsigned, width_tag> width_spec;
+typedef format_spec<char, type_tag> type_spec;
+
+// An empty format specifier.
+struct empty_spec
+{
+};
+
+// An alignment specifier.
+struct align_spec : empty_spec
+{
+    unsigned width_;
+    // Fill is always wchar_t and cast to char if necessary to avoid having
+    // two specialization of AlignSpec and its subclasses.
+    wchar_t fill_;
+    alignment align_;
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR align_spec(unsigned width, wchar_t fill, alignment align = ALIGN_DEFAULT)
+        : width_(width)
+        , fill_(fill)
+        , align_(align)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR unsigned width() const
+    {
+        return width_;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR wchar_t fill() const
+    {
+        return fill_;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR alignment align() const
+    {
+        return align_;
+    }
+
+    int precision() const
+    {
+        return -1;
+    }
+};
+
+// Format specifiers.
+template<typename Char>
+class basic_format_specs : public align_spec
+{
+public:
+    unsigned flags_;
+    int precision_;
+    Char type_;
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_specs(unsigned width = 0, char type = 0, wchar_t fill = ' ')
+        : align_spec(width, fill)
+        , flags_(0)
+        , precision_(-1)
+        , type_(type)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR bool flag(unsigned f) const
+    {
+        return (flags_ & f) != 0;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR int precision() const
+    {
+        return precision_;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR Char type() const
+    {
+        return type_;
+    }
+};
+
+typedef basic_format_specs<char> format_specs;
+
+template<typename Char, typename ErrorHandler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR unsigned basic_parse_context<Char, ErrorHandler>::next_arg_id()
+{
+    if (next_arg_id_ >= 0)
+        return internal::to_unsigned(next_arg_id_++);
+    on_error("cannot switch from manual to automatic argument indexing");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+struct format_string
+{
+};
+
+namespace internal {
+
+template<typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void handle_int_type_spec(Char spec, Handler &&handler)
+{
+    switch (spec)
+    {
+    case 0:
+    case 'd':
+        handler.on_dec();
+        break;
+    case 'x':
+    case 'X':
+        handler.on_hex();
+        break;
+    case 'b':
+    case 'B':
+        handler.on_bin();
+        break;
+    case 'o':
+        handler.on_oct();
+        break;
+    case 'n':
+        handler.on_num();
+        break;
+    default:
+        handler.on_error();
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void handle_float_type_spec(Char spec, Handler &&handler)
+{
+    switch (spec)
+    {
+    case 0:
+    case 'g':
+    case 'G':
+        handler.on_general();
+        break;
+    case 'e':
+    case 'E':
+        handler.on_exp();
+        break;
+    case 'f':
+    case 'F':
+        handler.on_fixed();
+        break;
+    case 'a':
+    case 'A':
+        handler.on_hex();
+        break;
+    default:
+        handler.on_error();
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void handle_char_specs(const basic_format_specs<Char> &specs, Handler &&handler)
+{
+    if (specs.type() && specs.type() != 'c')
+    {
+        handler.on_int();
+        return;
+    }
+    if (specs.align() == ALIGN_NUMERIC || specs.flag(~0u) != 0)
+        handler.on_error("invalid format specifier for char");
+    handler.on_char();
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void handle_cstring_type_spec(Char spec, Handler &&handler)
+{
+    if (spec == 0 || spec == 's')
+        handler.on_string();
+    else if (spec == 'p')
+        handler.on_pointer();
+    else
+        handler.on_error("invalid type specifier");
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename ErrorHandler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_string_type_spec(Char spec, ErrorHandler &&eh)
+{
+    if (spec != 0 && spec != 's')
+        eh.on_error("invalid type specifier");
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename ErrorHandler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_pointer_type_spec(Char spec, ErrorHandler &&eh)
+{
+    if (spec != 0 && spec != 'p')
+        eh.on_error("invalid type specifier");
+}
+
+template<typename ErrorHandler>
+class int_type_checker : private ErrorHandler
+{
+public:
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit int_type_checker(ErrorHandler eh)
+        : ErrorHandler(eh)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_hex() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_bin() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_oct() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_num() {}
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error()
+    {
+        ErrorHandler::on_error("invalid type specifier");
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename ErrorHandler>
+class float_type_checker : private ErrorHandler
+{
+public:
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit float_type_checker(ErrorHandler eh)
+        : ErrorHandler(eh)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_general() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_exp() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_fixed() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_hex() {}
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error()
+    {
+        ErrorHandler::on_error("invalid type specifier");
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename ErrorHandler, typename CharType>
+class char_specs_checker : public ErrorHandler
+{
+private:
+    CharType type_;
+
+public:
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR char_specs_checker(CharType type, ErrorHandler eh)
+        : ErrorHandler(eh)
+        , type_(type)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_int()
+    {
+        handle_int_type_spec(type_, int_type_checker<ErrorHandler>(*this));
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_char() {}
+};
+
+template<typename ErrorHandler>
+class cstring_type_checker : public ErrorHandler
+{
+public:
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit cstring_type_checker(ErrorHandler eh)
+        : ErrorHandler(eh)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_string() {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_pointer() {}
+};
+
+template<typename Context>
+void arg_map<Context>::init(const basic_format_args<Context> &args)
+{
+    if (map_)
+        return;
+    map_ = new entry[args.max_size()];
+    bool use_values = args.type(max_packed_args - 1) == internal::none_type;
+    if (use_values)
+    {
+        for (unsigned i = 0; /*nothing*/; ++i)
+        {
+            internal::type arg_type = args.type(i);
+            switch (arg_type)
+            {
+            case internal::none_type:
+                return;
+            case internal::named_arg_type:
+                push_back(args.values_[i]);
+                break;
+            default:
+                break; // Do nothing.
+            }
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    for (unsigned i = 0;; ++i)
+    {
+        switch (args.args_[i].type_)
+        {
+        case internal::none_type:
+            return;
+        case internal::named_arg_type:
+            push_back(args.args_[i].value_);
+            break;
+        default:
+            break; // Do nothing.
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename Range>
+class arg_formatter_base
+{
+public:
+    typedef typename Range::value_type char_type;
+    typedef decltype(internal::declval<Range>().begin()) iterator;
+    typedef basic_format_specs<char_type> format_specs;
+
+private:
+    typedef basic_writer<Range> writer_type;
+    writer_type writer_;
+    format_specs &specs_;
+
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(arg_formatter_base);
+
+    struct char_writer
+    {
+        char_type value;
+        template<typename It>
+        void operator()(It &&it) const
+        {
+            *it++ = value;
+        }
+    };
+
+    void write_char(char_type value)
+    {
+        writer_.write_padded(1, specs_, char_writer{value});
+    }
+
+    void write_pointer(const void *p)
+    {
+        format_specs specs = specs_;
+        specs.flags_ = HASH_FLAG;
+        specs.type_ = 'x';
+        writer_.write_int(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(p), specs);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    writer_type &writer()
+    {
+        return writer_;
+    }
+    format_specs &spec()
+    {
+        return specs_;
+    }
+    iterator out()
+    {
+        return writer_.out();
+    }
+
+    void write(bool value)
+    {
+        writer_.write_str(string_view(value ? "true" : "false"), specs_);
+    }
+
+    void write(const char_type *value)
+    {
+        if (!value)
+            FMT_THROW(format_error("string pointer is null"));
+        auto length = std::char_traits<char_type>::length(value);
+        writer_.write_str(basic_string_view<char_type>(value, length), specs_);
+    }
+
+public:
+    arg_formatter_base(Range r, format_specs &s)
+        : writer_(r)
+        , specs_(s)
+    {
+    }
+
+    iterator operator()(monostate)
+    {
+        FMT_ASSERT(false, "invalid argument type");
+        return out();
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, iterator>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        // MSVC2013 fails to compile separate overloads for bool and char_type so
+        // use std::is_same instead.
+        if (std::is_same<T, bool>::value)
+        {
+            if (specs_.type_)
+                return (*this)(value ? 1 : 0);
+            write(value != 0);
+        }
+        else if (std::is_same<T, char_type>::value)
+        {
+            internal::handle_char_specs(specs_, char_spec_handler(*this, static_cast<char_type>(value)));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            writer_.write_int(value, specs_);
+        }
+        return out();
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value, iterator>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        writer_.write_double(value, specs_);
+        return out();
+    }
+
+    struct char_spec_handler : internal::error_handler
+    {
+        arg_formatter_base &formatter;
+        char_type value;
+
+        char_spec_handler(arg_formatter_base &f, char_type val)
+            : formatter(f)
+            , value(val)
+        {
+        }
+
+        void on_int()
+        {
+            formatter.writer_.write_int(value, formatter.specs_);
+        }
+        void on_char()
+        {
+            formatter.write_char(value);
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct cstring_spec_handler : internal::error_handler
+    {
+        arg_formatter_base &formatter;
+        const char_type *value;
+
+        cstring_spec_handler(arg_formatter_base &f, const char_type *val)
+            : formatter(f)
+            , value(val)
+        {
+        }
+
+        void on_string()
+        {
+            formatter.write(value);
+        }
+        void on_pointer()
+        {
+            formatter.write_pointer(value);
+        }
+    };
+
+    iterator operator()(const char_type *value)
+    {
+        internal::handle_cstring_type_spec(specs_.type_, cstring_spec_handler(*this, value));
+        return out();
+    }
+
+    iterator operator()(basic_string_view<char_type> value)
+    {
+        internal::check_string_type_spec(specs_.type_, internal::error_handler());
+        writer_.write_str(value, specs_);
+        return out();
+    }
+
+    iterator operator()(const void *value)
+    {
+        check_pointer_type_spec(specs_.type_, internal::error_handler());
+        write_pointer(value);
+        return out();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename S>
+struct is_format_string : std::integral_constant<bool, std::is_base_of<format_string, S>::value>
+{
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR bool is_name_start(Char c)
+{
+    return ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') || ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') || '_' == c;
+}
+
+// Parses the input as an unsigned integer. This function assumes that the
+// first character is a digit and presence of a non-digit character at the end.
+// it: an iterator pointing to the beginning of the input range.
+template<typename Iterator, typename ErrorHandler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR unsigned parse_nonnegative_int(Iterator &it, ErrorHandler &&eh)
+{
+    assert('0' <= *it && *it <= '9');
+    unsigned value = 0;
+    // Convert to unsigned to prevent a warning.
+    unsigned max_int = (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)();
+    unsigned big = max_int / 10;
+    do
+    {
+        // Check for overflow.
+        if (value > big)
+        {
+            value = max_int + 1;
+            break;
+        }
+        value = value * 10 + unsigned(*it - '0');
+        // Workaround for MSVC "setup_exception stack overflow" error:
+        auto next = it;
+        ++next;
+        it = next;
+    } while ('0' <= *it && *it <= '9');
+    if (value > max_int)
+        eh.on_error("number is too big");
+    return value;
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename Context>
+class custom_formatter : public function<bool>
+{
+private:
+    Context &ctx_;
+
+public:
+    explicit custom_formatter(Context &ctx)
+        : ctx_(ctx)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool operator()(typename basic_format_arg<Context>::handle h) const
+    {
+        h.format(ctx_);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    bool operator()(T) const
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_integer
+{
+    enum
+    {
+        value =
+            std::is_integral<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, bool>::value && !std::is_same<T, char>::value && !std::is_same<T, wchar_t>::value
+    };
+};
+
+template<typename ErrorHandler>
+class width_checker : public function<unsigned long long>
+{
+public:
+    explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR width_checker(ErrorHandler &eh)
+        : handler_(eh)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<is_integer<T>::value, unsigned long long>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        if (is_negative(value))
+            handler_.on_error("negative width");
+        return static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_integer<T>::value, unsigned long long>::type operator()(T)
+    {
+        handler_.on_error("width is not integer");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+private:
+    ErrorHandler &handler_;
+};
+
+template<typename ErrorHandler>
+class precision_checker : public function<unsigned long long>
+{
+public:
+    explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR precision_checker(ErrorHandler &eh)
+        : handler_(eh)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<is_integer<T>::value, unsigned long long>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        if (is_negative(value))
+            handler_.on_error("negative precision");
+        return static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_integer<T>::value, unsigned long long>::type operator()(T)
+    {
+        handler_.on_error("precision is not integer");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+private:
+    ErrorHandler &handler_;
+};
+
+// A format specifier handler that sets fields in basic_format_specs.
+template<typename Char>
+class specs_setter
+{
+public:
+    explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR specs_setter(basic_format_specs<Char> &specs)
+        : specs_(specs)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR specs_setter(const specs_setter &other)
+        : specs_(other.specs_)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_align(alignment align)
+    {
+        specs_.align_ = align;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_fill(Char fill)
+    {
+        specs_.fill_ = fill;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_plus()
+    {
+        specs_.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG | PLUS_FLAG;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_minus()
+    {
+        specs_.flags_ |= MINUS_FLAG;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_space()
+    {
+        specs_.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_hash()
+    {
+        specs_.flags_ |= HASH_FLAG;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_zero()
+    {
+        specs_.align_ = ALIGN_NUMERIC;
+        specs_.fill_ = '0';
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_width(unsigned width)
+    {
+        specs_.width_ = width;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_precision(unsigned precision)
+    {
+        specs_.precision_ = static_cast<int>(precision);
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void end_precision() {}
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_type(Char type)
+    {
+        specs_.type_ = type;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    basic_format_specs<Char> &specs_;
+};
+
+// A format specifier handler that checks if specifiers are consistent with the
+// argument type.
+template<typename Handler>
+class specs_checker : public Handler
+{
+public:
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR specs_checker(const Handler &handler, internal::type arg_type)
+        : Handler(handler)
+        , arg_type_(arg_type)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR specs_checker(const specs_checker &other)
+        : Handler(other)
+        , arg_type_(other.arg_type_)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_align(alignment align)
+    {
+        if (align == ALIGN_NUMERIC)
+            require_numeric_argument();
+        Handler::on_align(align);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_plus()
+    {
+        check_sign();
+        Handler::on_plus();
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_minus()
+    {
+        check_sign();
+        Handler::on_minus();
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_space()
+    {
+        check_sign();
+        Handler::on_space();
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_hash()
+    {
+        require_numeric_argument();
+        Handler::on_hash();
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_zero()
+    {
+        require_numeric_argument();
+        Handler::on_zero();
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void end_precision()
+    {
+        if (is_integral(arg_type_) || arg_type_ == pointer_type)
+            this->on_error("precision not allowed for this argument type");
+    }
+
+private:
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void require_numeric_argument()
+    {
+        if (!is_arithmetic(arg_type_))
+            this->on_error("format specifier requires numeric argument");
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_sign()
+    {
+        require_numeric_argument();
+        if (is_integral(arg_type_) && arg_type_ != int_type && arg_type_ != long_long_type && arg_type_ != internal::char_type)
+        {
+            this->on_error("format specifier requires signed argument");
+        }
+    }
+
+    internal::type arg_type_;
+};
+
+template<template<typename> class Handler, typename T, typename Context, typename ErrorHandler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_dynamic_spec(T &value, basic_format_arg<Context> arg, ErrorHandler eh)
+{
+    unsigned long long big_value = visit(Handler<ErrorHandler>(eh), arg);
+    if (big_value > (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)())
+        eh.on_error("number is too big");
+    value = static_cast<T>(big_value);
+}
+
+struct auto_id
+{
+};
+
+// The standard format specifier handler with checking.
+template<typename Context>
+class specs_handler : public specs_setter<typename Context::char_type>
+{
+public:
+    typedef typename Context::char_type char_type;
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR specs_handler(basic_format_specs<char_type> &specs, Context &ctx)
+        : specs_setter<char_type>(specs)
+        , context_(ctx)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename Id>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dynamic_width(Id arg_id)
+    {
+        set_dynamic_spec<width_checker>(this->specs_.width_, get_arg(arg_id), context_.error_handler());
+    }
+
+    template<typename Id>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dynamic_precision(Id arg_id)
+    {
+        set_dynamic_spec<precision_checker>(this->specs_.precision_, get_arg(arg_id), context_.error_handler());
+    }
+
+    void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        context_.on_error(message);
+    }
+
+private:
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_arg<Context> get_arg(auto_id)
+    {
+        return context_.next_arg();
+    }
+
+    template<typename Id>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_format_arg<Context> get_arg(Id arg_id)
+    {
+        context_.parse_context().check_arg_id(arg_id);
+        return context_.get_arg(arg_id);
+    }
+
+    Context &context_;
+};
+
+// An argument reference.
+template<typename Char>
+struct arg_ref
+{
+    enum Kind
+    {
+        NONE,
+        INDEX,
+        NAME
+    };
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR arg_ref()
+        : kind(NONE)
+        , index(0)
+    {
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit arg_ref(unsigned index)
+        : kind(INDEX)
+        , index(index)
+    {
+    }
+    explicit arg_ref(basic_string_view<Char> name)
+        : kind(NAME)
+        , name(name)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR arg_ref &operator=(unsigned idx)
+    {
+        kind = INDEX;
+        index = idx;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    Kind kind;
+    FMT_UNION
+    {
+        unsigned index;
+        basic_string_view<Char> name;
+    };
+};
+
+// Format specifiers with width and precision resolved at formatting rather
+// than parsing time to allow re-using the same parsed specifiers with
+// differents sets of arguments (precompilation of format strings).
+template<typename Char>
+struct dynamic_format_specs : basic_format_specs<Char>
+{
+    arg_ref<Char> width_ref;
+    arg_ref<Char> precision_ref;
+};
+
+// Format spec handler that saves references to arguments representing dynamic
+// width and precision to be resolved at formatting time.
+template<typename ParseContext>
+class dynamic_specs_handler : public specs_setter<typename ParseContext::char_type>
+{
+public:
+    typedef typename ParseContext::char_type char_type;
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR dynamic_specs_handler(dynamic_format_specs<char_type> &specs, ParseContext &ctx)
+        : specs_setter<char_type>(specs)
+        , specs_(specs)
+        , context_(ctx)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR dynamic_specs_handler(const dynamic_specs_handler &other)
+        : specs_setter<char_type>(other)
+        , specs_(other.specs_)
+        , context_(other.context_)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename Id>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dynamic_width(Id arg_id)
+    {
+        specs_.width_ref = make_arg_ref(arg_id);
+    }
+
+    template<typename Id>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dynamic_precision(Id arg_id)
+    {
+        specs_.precision_ref = make_arg_ref(arg_id);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        context_.on_error(message);
+    }
+
+private:
+    typedef arg_ref<char_type> arg_ref_type;
+
+    template<typename Id>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR arg_ref_type make_arg_ref(Id arg_id)
+    {
+        context_.check_arg_id(arg_id);
+        return arg_ref_type(arg_id);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR arg_ref_type make_arg_ref(auto_id)
+    {
+        return arg_ref_type(context_.next_arg_id());
+    }
+
+    dynamic_format_specs<char_type> &specs_;
+    ParseContext &context_;
+};
+
+template<typename Iterator, typename IDHandler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR Iterator parse_arg_id(Iterator it, IDHandler &&handler)
+{
+    typedef typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type char_type;
+    char_type c = *it;
+    if (c == '}' || c == ':')
+    {
+        handler();
+        return it;
+    }
+    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+    {
+        unsigned index = parse_nonnegative_int(it, handler);
+        if (*it != '}' && *it != ':')
+        {
+            handler.on_error("invalid format string");
+            return it;
+        }
+        handler(index);
+        return it;
+    }
+    if (!is_name_start(c))
+    {
+        handler.on_error("invalid format string");
+        return it;
+    }
+    auto start = it;
+    do
+    {
+        c = *++it;
+    } while (is_name_start(c) || ('0' <= c && c <= '9'));
+    handler(basic_string_view<char_type>(pointer_from(start), to_unsigned(it - start)));
+    return it;
+}
+
+// Adapts SpecHandler to IDHandler API for dynamic width.
+template<typename SpecHandler, typename Char>
+struct width_adapter
+{
+    explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR width_adapter(SpecHandler &h)
+        : handler(h)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()()
+    {
+        handler.on_dynamic_width(auto_id());
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(unsigned id)
+    {
+        handler.on_dynamic_width(id);
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(basic_string_view<Char> id)
+    {
+        handler.on_dynamic_width(id);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        handler.on_error(message);
+    }
+
+    SpecHandler &handler;
+};
+
+// Adapts SpecHandler to IDHandler API for dynamic precision.
+template<typename SpecHandler, typename Char>
+struct precision_adapter
+{
+    explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR precision_adapter(SpecHandler &h)
+        : handler(h)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()()
+    {
+        handler.on_dynamic_precision(auto_id());
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(unsigned id)
+    {
+        handler.on_dynamic_precision(id);
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(basic_string_view<Char> id)
+    {
+        handler.on_dynamic_precision(id);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        handler.on_error(message);
+    }
+
+    SpecHandler &handler;
+};
+
+// Parses standard format specifiers and sends notifications about parsed
+// components to handler.
+// it: an iterator pointing to the beginning of a null-terminated range of
+//     characters, possibly emulated via null_terminating_iterator, representing
+//     format specifiers.
+template<typename Iterator, typename SpecHandler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR Iterator parse_format_specs(Iterator it, SpecHandler &&handler)
+{
+    typedef typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type char_type;
+    char_type c = *it;
+    if (c == '}' || !c)
+        return it;
+
+    // Parse fill and alignment.
+    alignment align = ALIGN_DEFAULT;
+    int i = 1;
+    do
+    {
+        auto p = it + i;
+        switch (*p)
+        {
+        case '<':
+            align = ALIGN_LEFT;
+            break;
+        case '>':
+            align = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+            break;
+        case '=':
+            align = ALIGN_NUMERIC;
+            break;
+        case '^':
+            align = ALIGN_CENTER;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (align != ALIGN_DEFAULT)
+        {
+            if (p != it)
+            {
+                if (c == '{')
+                {
+                    handler.on_error("invalid fill character '{'");
+                    return it;
+                }
+                it += 2;
+                handler.on_fill(c);
+            }
+            else
+                ++it;
+            handler.on_align(align);
+            break;
+        }
+    } while (--i >= 0);
+
+    // Parse sign.
+    switch (*it)
+    {
+    case '+':
+        handler.on_plus();
+        ++it;
+        break;
+    case '-':
+        handler.on_minus();
+        ++it;
+        break;
+    case ' ':
+        handler.on_space();
+        ++it;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (*it == '#')
+    {
+        handler.on_hash();
+        ++it;
+    }
+
+    // Parse zero flag.
+    if (*it == '0')
+    {
+        handler.on_zero();
+        ++it;
+    }
+
+    // Parse width.
+    if ('0' <= *it && *it <= '9')
+    {
+        handler.on_width(parse_nonnegative_int(it, handler));
+    }
+    else if (*it == '{')
+    {
+        it = parse_arg_id(it + 1, width_adapter<SpecHandler, char_type>(handler));
+        if (*it++ != '}')
+        {
+            handler.on_error("invalid format string");
+            return it;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Parse precision.
+    if (*it == '.')
+    {
+        ++it;
+        if ('0' <= *it && *it <= '9')
+        {
+            handler.on_precision(parse_nonnegative_int(it, handler));
+        }
+        else if (*it == '{')
+        {
+            it = parse_arg_id(it + 1, precision_adapter<SpecHandler, char_type>(handler));
+            if (*it++ != '}')
+            {
+                handler.on_error("invalid format string");
+                return it;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            handler.on_error("missing precision specifier");
+            return it;
+        }
+        handler.end_precision();
+    }
+
+    // Parse type.
+    if (*it != '}' && *it)
+        handler.on_type(*it++);
+    return it;
+}
+
+template<typename Handler, typename Char>
+struct id_adapter
+{
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit id_adapter(Handler &h)
+        : handler(h)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()()
+    {
+        handler.on_arg_id();
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(unsigned id)
+    {
+        handler.on_arg_id(id);
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(basic_string_view<Char> id)
+    {
+        handler.on_arg_id(id);
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        handler.on_error(message);
+    }
+
+    Handler &handler;
+};
+
+template<typename Iterator, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void parse_format_string(Iterator it, Handler &&handler)
+{
+    typedef typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type char_type;
+    auto start = it;
+    while (*it)
+    {
+        char_type ch = *it++;
+        if (ch != '{' && ch != '}')
+            continue;
+        if (*it == ch)
+        {
+            handler.on_text(start, it);
+            start = ++it;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (ch == '}')
+        {
+            handler.on_error("unmatched '}' in format string");
+            return;
+        }
+        handler.on_text(start, it - 1);
+
+        it = parse_arg_id(it, id_adapter<Handler, char_type>(handler));
+        if (*it == '}')
+        {
+            handler.on_replacement_field(it);
+        }
+        else if (*it == ':')
+        {
+            ++it;
+            it = handler.on_format_specs(it);
+            if (*it != '}')
+            {
+                handler.on_error("unknown format specifier");
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            handler.on_error("missing '}' in format string");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        start = ++it;
+    }
+    handler.on_text(start, it);
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename ParseContext>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const typename ParseContext::char_type *parse_format_specs(ParseContext &ctx)
+{
+    // GCC 7.2 requires initializer.
+    formatter<T, typename ParseContext::char_type> f{};
+    return f.parse(ctx);
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename ErrorHandler, typename... Args>
+class format_string_checker
+{
+public:
+    explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR format_string_checker(basic_string_view<Char> format_str, ErrorHandler eh)
+        : arg_id_(-1)
+        , context_(format_str, eh)
+        , parse_funcs_{&parse_format_specs<Args, parse_context_type>...}
+    {
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_text(const Char *, const Char *) {}
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_arg_id()
+    {
+        arg_id_ = context_.next_arg_id();
+        check_arg_id();
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_arg_id(unsigned id)
+    {
+        arg_id_ = id;
+        context_.check_arg_id(id);
+        check_arg_id();
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char>) {}
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_replacement_field(const Char *) {}
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR const Char *on_format_specs(const Char *s)
+    {
+        context_.advance_to(s);
+        return to_unsigned(arg_id_) < NUM_ARGS ? parse_funcs_[arg_id_](context_) : s;
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char *message)
+    {
+        context_.on_error(message);
+    }
+
+private:
+    typedef basic_parse_context<Char, ErrorHandler> parse_context_type;
+    enum
+    {
+        NUM_ARGS = sizeof...(Args)
+    };
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_arg_id()
+    {
+        if (internal::to_unsigned(arg_id_) >= NUM_ARGS)
+            context_.on_error("argument index out of range");
+    }
+
+    // Format specifier parsing function.
+    typedef const Char *(*parse_func)(parse_context_type &);
+
+    int arg_id_;
+    parse_context_type context_;
+    parse_func parse_funcs_[NUM_ARGS > 0 ? NUM_ARGS : 1];
+};
+
+template<typename Char, typename ErrorHandler, typename... Args>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR bool check_format_string(basic_string_view<Char> s, ErrorHandler eh = ErrorHandler())
+{
+    format_string_checker<Char, ErrorHandler, Args...> checker(s, eh);
+    parse_format_string(s.begin(), checker);
+    return true;
+}
+
+template<typename... Args, typename String>
+void check_format_string(String format_str)
+{
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL bool invalid_format =
+        internal::check_format_string<char, internal::error_handler, Args...>(string_view(format_str.data(), format_str.size()));
+    (void)invalid_format;
+}
+
+// Specifies whether to format T using the standard formatter.
+// It is not possible to use get_type in formatter specialization directly
+// because of a bug in MSVC.
+template<typename Context, typename T>
+struct format_type : std::integral_constant<bool, get_type<Context, T>::value != custom_type>
+{
+};
+
+// Specifies whether to format enums.
+template<typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct format_enum : std::integral_constant<bool, std::is_enum<T>::value>
+{
+};
+
+template<template<typename> class Handler, typename Spec, typename Context>
+void handle_dynamic_spec(Spec &value, arg_ref<typename Context::char_type> ref, Context &ctx)
+{
+    typedef typename Context::char_type char_type;
+    switch (ref.kind)
+    {
+    case arg_ref<char_type>::NONE:
+        break;
+    case arg_ref<char_type>::INDEX:
+        internal::set_dynamic_spec<Handler>(value, ctx.get_arg(ref.index), ctx.error_handler());
+        break;
+    case arg_ref<char_type>::NAME:
+        internal::set_dynamic_spec<Handler>(value, ctx.get_arg(ref.name), ctx.error_handler());
+        break;
+    }
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+/** The default argument formatter. */
+template<typename Range>
+class arg_formatter : public internal::function<typename internal::arg_formatter_base<Range>::iterator>,
+                      public internal::arg_formatter_base<Range>
+{
+private:
+    typedef typename Range::value_type char_type;
+    typedef internal::arg_formatter_base<Range> base;
+    typedef basic_format_context<typename base::iterator, char_type> context_type;
+
+    context_type &ctx_;
+
+public:
+    typedef Range range;
+    typedef typename base::iterator iterator;
+    typedef typename base::format_specs format_specs;
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Constructs an argument formatter object.
+      *ctx* is a reference to the formatting context,
+      *spec* contains format specifier information for standard argument types.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    arg_formatter(context_type &ctx, format_specs &spec)
+        : base(Range(ctx.out()), spec)
+        , ctx_(ctx)
+    {
+    }
+
+    using base::operator();
+
+    /** Formats an argument of a user-defined type. */
+    iterator operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context_type>::handle handle)
+    {
+        handle.format(ctx_);
+        return this->out();
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ An error returned by an operating system or a language runtime,
+ for example a file opening error.
+*/
+class system_error : public std::runtime_error
+{
+private:
+    FMT_API void init(int err_code, string_view format_str, format_args args);
+
+protected:
+    int error_code_;
+
+    system_error()
+        : std::runtime_error("")
+    {
+    }
+
+public:
+    /**
+     \rst
+     Constructs a :class:`fmt::system_error` object with a description
+     formatted with `fmt::format_system_error`. *message* and additional
+     arguments passed into the constructor are formatted similarly to
+     `fmt::format`.
+
+     **Example**::
+
+       // This throws a system_error with the description
+       //   cannot open file 'madeup': No such file or directory
+       // or similar (system message may vary).
+       const char *filename = "madeup";
+       std::FILE *file = std::fopen(filename, "r");
+       if (!file)
+         throw fmt::system_error(errno, "cannot open file '{}'", filename);
+     \endrst
+    */
+    template<typename... Args>
+    system_error(int error_code, string_view message, const Args &... args)
+        : std::runtime_error("")
+    {
+        init(error_code, message, make_format_args(args...));
+    }
+
+    int error_code() const
+    {
+        return error_code_;
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Formats an error returned by an operating system or a language runtime,
+  for example a file opening error, and writes it to *out* in the following
+  form:
+
+  .. parsed-literal::
+     *<message>*: *<system-message>*
+
+  where *<message>* is the passed message and *<system-message>* is
+  the system message corresponding to the error code.
+  *error_code* is a system error code as given by ``errno``.
+  If *error_code* is not a valid error code such as -1, the system message
+  may look like "Unknown error -1" and is platform-dependent.
+  \endrst
+ */
+FMT_API void format_system_error(internal::buffer &out, int error_code, fmt::string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+
+/**
+  This template provides operations for formatting and writing data into a
+  character range.
+ */
+template<typename Range>
+class basic_writer
+{
+public:
+    typedef typename Range::value_type char_type;
+    typedef decltype(internal::declval<Range>().begin()) iterator;
+    typedef basic_format_specs<char_type> format_specs;
+
+private:
+    // Output iterator.
+    iterator out_;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<locale_provider> locale_;
+
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(basic_writer);
+
+    iterator out() const
+    {
+        return out_;
+    }
+
+    // Attempts to reserve space for n extra characters in the output range.
+    // Returns a pointer to the reserved range or a reference to out_.
+    auto reserve(std::size_t n) -> decltype(internal::reserve(out_, n))
+    {
+        return internal::reserve(out_, n);
+    }
+
+    // Writes a value in the format
+    //   <left-padding><value><right-padding>
+    // where <value> is written by f(it).
+    template<typename F>
+    void write_padded(std::size_t size, const align_spec &spec, F f);
+
+    template<typename F>
+    struct padded_int_writer
+    {
+        string_view prefix;
+        char_type fill;
+        std::size_t padding;
+        F f;
+
+        template<typename It>
+        void operator()(It &&it) const
+        {
+            if (prefix.size() != 0)
+                it = std::copy_n(prefix.data(), prefix.size(), it);
+            it = std::fill_n(it, padding, fill);
+            f(it);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Writes an integer in the format
+    //   <left-padding><prefix><numeric-padding><digits><right-padding>
+    // where <digits> are written by f(it).
+    template<typename Spec, typename F>
+    void write_int(unsigned num_digits, string_view prefix, const Spec &spec, F f)
+    {
+        std::size_t size = prefix.size() + num_digits;
+        char_type fill = static_cast<char_type>(spec.fill());
+        std::size_t padding = 0;
+        if (spec.align() == ALIGN_NUMERIC)
+        {
+            if (spec.width() > size)
+            {
+                padding = spec.width() - size;
+                size = spec.width();
+            }
+        }
+        else if (spec.precision() > static_cast<int>(num_digits))
+        {
+            size = prefix.size() + static_cast<std::size_t>(spec.precision());
+            padding = static_cast<std::size_t>(spec.precision()) - num_digits;
+            fill = '0';
+        }
+        align_spec as = spec;
+        if (spec.align() == ALIGN_DEFAULT)
+            as.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+        write_padded(size, as, padded_int_writer<F>{prefix, fill, padding, f});
+    }
+
+    // Writes a decimal integer.
+    template<typename Int>
+    void write_decimal(Int value)
+    {
+        typedef typename internal::int_traits<Int>::main_type main_type;
+        main_type abs_value = static_cast<main_type>(value);
+        bool is_negative = internal::is_negative(value);
+        if (is_negative)
+            abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+        unsigned num_digits = internal::count_digits(abs_value);
+        auto &&it = reserve((is_negative ? 1 : 0) + num_digits);
+        if (is_negative)
+            *it++ = '-';
+        internal::format_decimal(it, abs_value, num_digits);
+    }
+
+    // The handle_int_type_spec handler that writes an integer.
+    template<typename Int, typename Spec>
+    struct int_writer
+    {
+        typedef typename internal::int_traits<Int>::main_type unsigned_type;
+
+        basic_writer<Range> &writer;
+        const Spec &spec;
+        unsigned_type abs_value;
+        char prefix[4];
+        unsigned prefix_size;
+
+        string_view get_prefix() const
+        {
+            return string_view(prefix, prefix_size);
+        }
+
+        // Counts the number of digits in abs_value. BITS = log2(radix).
+        template<unsigned BITS>
+        unsigned count_digits() const
+        {
+            unsigned_type n = abs_value;
+            unsigned num_digits = 0;
+            do
+            {
+                ++num_digits;
+            } while ((n >>= BITS) != 0);
+            return num_digits;
+        }
+
+        int_writer(basic_writer<Range> &w, Int value, const Spec &s)
+            : writer(w)
+            , spec(s)
+            , abs_value(static_cast<unsigned_type>(value))
+            , prefix_size(0)
+        {
+            if (internal::is_negative(value))
+            {
+                prefix[0] = '-';
+                ++prefix_size;
+                abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+            }
+            else if (spec.flag(SIGN_FLAG))
+            {
+                prefix[0] = spec.flag(PLUS_FLAG) ? '+' : ' ';
+                ++prefix_size;
+            }
+        }
+
+        struct dec_writer
+        {
+            unsigned_type abs_value;
+            unsigned num_digits;
+
+            template<typename It>
+            void operator()(It &&it) const
+            {
+                it = internal::format_decimal(it, abs_value, num_digits);
+            }
+        };
+
+        void on_dec()
+        {
+            unsigned num_digits = internal::count_digits(abs_value);
+            writer.write_int(num_digits, get_prefix(), spec, dec_writer{abs_value, num_digits});
+        }
+
+        struct hex_writer
+        {
+            int_writer &self;
+            unsigned num_digits;
+
+            template<typename It>
+            void operator()(It &&it) const
+            {
+                it = internal::format_uint<4>(it, self.abs_value, num_digits, self.spec.type() != 'x');
+            }
+        };
+
+        void on_hex()
+        {
+            if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG))
+            {
+                prefix[prefix_size++] = '0';
+                prefix[prefix_size++] = static_cast<char>(spec.type());
+            }
+            unsigned num_digits = count_digits<4>();
+            writer.write_int(num_digits, get_prefix(), spec, hex_writer{*this, num_digits});
+        }
+
+        template<int BITS>
+        struct bin_writer
+        {
+            unsigned_type abs_value;
+            unsigned num_digits;
+
+            template<typename It>
+            void operator()(It &&it) const
+            {
+                it = internal::format_uint<BITS>(it, abs_value, num_digits);
+            }
+        };
+
+        void on_bin()
+        {
+            if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG))
+            {
+                prefix[prefix_size++] = '0';
+                prefix[prefix_size++] = static_cast<char>(spec.type());
+            }
+            unsigned num_digits = count_digits<1>();
+            writer.write_int(num_digits, get_prefix(), spec, bin_writer<1>{abs_value, num_digits});
+        }
+
+        void on_oct()
+        {
+            unsigned num_digits = count_digits<3>();
+            if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG) && spec.precision() <= static_cast<int>(num_digits))
+            {
+                // Octal prefix '0' is counted as a digit, so only add it if precision
+                // is not greater than the number of digits.
+                prefix[prefix_size++] = '0';
+            }
+            writer.write_int(num_digits, get_prefix(), spec, bin_writer<3>{abs_value, num_digits});
+        }
+
+        enum
+        {
+            SEP_SIZE = 1
+        };
+
+        struct num_writer
+        {
+            unsigned_type abs_value;
+            unsigned size;
+            char_type sep;
+
+            template<typename It>
+            void operator()(It &&it) const
+            {
+                basic_string_view<char_type> s(&sep, SEP_SIZE);
+                it = format_decimal(it, abs_value, size, internal::add_thousands_sep<char_type>(s));
+            }
+        };
+
+        void on_num()
+        {
+            unsigned num_digits = internal::count_digits(abs_value);
+            char_type sep = internal::thousands_sep<char_type>(writer.locale_.get());
+            unsigned size = num_digits + SEP_SIZE * ((num_digits - 1) / 3);
+            writer.write_int(size, get_prefix(), spec, num_writer{abs_value, size, sep});
+        }
+
+        void on_error()
+        {
+            FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid type specifier"));
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Writes a formatted integer.
+    template<typename T, typename Spec>
+    void write_int(T value, const Spec &spec)
+    {
+        internal::handle_int_type_spec(spec.type(), int_writer<T, Spec>(*this, value, spec));
+    }
+
+    enum
+    {
+        INF_SIZE = 3
+    }; // This is an enum to workaround a bug in MSVC.
+
+    struct inf_or_nan_writer
+    {
+        char sign;
+        const char *str;
+
+        template<typename It>
+        void operator()(It &&it) const
+        {
+            if (sign)
+                *it++ = sign;
+            it = std::copy_n(str, static_cast<std::size_t>(INF_SIZE), it);
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct double_writer
+    {
+        size_t n;
+        char sign;
+        basic_memory_buffer<char_type> &buffer;
+
+        template<typename It>
+        void operator()(It &&it)
+        {
+            if (sign)
+            {
+                *it++ = sign;
+                --n;
+            }
+            it = std::copy_n(buffer.begin(), n, it);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Formats a floating-point number (double or long double).
+    template<typename T>
+    void write_double(T value, const format_specs &spec);
+    template<typename T>
+    void write_double_sprintf(T value, const format_specs &spec, internal::basic_buffer<char_type> &buffer);
+
+    template<typename Char>
+    struct str_writer
+    {
+        const Char *s;
+        std::size_t size;
+
+        template<typename It>
+        void operator()(It &&it) const
+        {
+            it = std::copy_n(s, size, it);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Writes a formatted string.
+    template<typename Char>
+    void write_str(const Char *s, std::size_t size, const align_spec &spec)
+    {
+        write_padded(size, spec, str_writer<Char>{s, size});
+    }
+
+    template<typename Char>
+    void write_str(basic_string_view<Char> str, const format_specs &spec);
+
+    // Appends floating-point length specifier to the format string.
+    // The second argument is only used for overload resolution.
+    void append_float_length(char_type *&format_ptr, long double)
+    {
+        *format_ptr++ = 'L';
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void append_float_length(char_type *&, T)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename Char>
+    friend class internal::arg_formatter_base;
+
+public:
+    /** Constructs a ``basic_writer`` object. */
+    explicit basic_writer(Range out)
+        : out_(out.begin())
+    {
+    }
+
+    void write(int value)
+    {
+        write_decimal(value);
+    }
+    void write(long value)
+    {
+        write_decimal(value);
+    }
+    void write(long long value)
+    {
+        write_decimal(value);
+    }
+
+    void write(unsigned value)
+    {
+        write_decimal(value);
+    }
+    void write(unsigned long value)
+    {
+        write_decimal(value);
+    }
+    void write(unsigned long long value)
+    {
+        write_decimal(value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Formats *value* and writes it to the buffer.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    template<typename T, typename FormatSpec, typename... FormatSpecs>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, void>::type write(T value, FormatSpec spec, FormatSpecs... specs)
+    {
+        format_specs s(spec, specs...);
+        s.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+        write_int(value, s);
+    }
+
+    void write(double value)
+    {
+        write_double(value, format_specs());
+    }
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Formats *value* using the general format for floating-point numbers
+      (``'g'``) and writes it to the buffer.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    void write(long double value)
+    {
+        write_double(value, format_specs());
+    }
+
+    /** Writes a character to the buffer. */
+    void write(char value)
+    {
+        *reserve(1) = value;
+    }
+
+    void write(wchar_t value)
+    {
+        internal::require_wchar<char_type>();
+        *reserve(1) = value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Writes *value* to the buffer.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    void write(string_view value)
+    {
+        auto &&it = reserve(value.size());
+        it = std::copy(value.begin(), value.end(), it);
+    }
+
+    void write(wstring_view value)
+    {
+        internal::require_wchar<char_type>();
+        auto &&it = reserve(value.size());
+        it = std::uninitialized_copy(value.begin(), value.end(), it);
+    }
+
+    template<typename... FormatSpecs>
+    void write(basic_string_view<char_type> str, FormatSpecs... specs)
+    {
+        write_str(str, format_specs(specs...));
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<T, void>::value>::type write(const T *p)
+    {
+        format_specs specs;
+        specs.flags_ = HASH_FLAG;
+        specs.type_ = 'x';
+        write_int(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(p), specs);
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Range>
+template<typename F>
+void basic_writer<Range>::write_padded(std::size_t size, const align_spec &spec, F f)
+{
+    unsigned width = spec.width();
+    if (width <= size)
+        return f(reserve(size));
+    auto &&it = reserve(width);
+    char_type fill = static_cast<char_type>(spec.fill());
+    std::size_t padding = width - size;
+    if (spec.align() == ALIGN_RIGHT)
+    {
+        it = std::fill_n(it, padding, fill);
+        f(it);
+    }
+    else if (spec.align() == ALIGN_CENTER)
+    {
+        std::size_t left_padding = padding / 2;
+        it = std::fill_n(it, left_padding, fill);
+        f(it);
+        it = std::fill_n(it, padding - left_padding, fill);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        f(it);
+        it = std::fill_n(it, padding, fill);
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename Range>
+template<typename Char>
+void basic_writer<Range>::write_str(basic_string_view<Char> s, const format_specs &spec)
+{
+    const Char *data = s.data();
+    std::size_t size = s.size();
+    std::size_t precision = static_cast<std::size_t>(spec.precision_);
+    if (spec.precision_ >= 0 && precision < size)
+        size = precision;
+    write_str(data, size, spec);
+}
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct float_spec_handler
+{
+    Char type;
+    bool upper;
+
+    explicit float_spec_handler(Char t)
+        : type(t)
+        , upper(false)
+    {
+    }
+
+    void on_general()
+    {
+        if (type == 'G')
+            upper = true;
+        else
+            type = 'g';
+    }
+
+    void on_exp()
+    {
+        if (type == 'E')
+            upper = true;
+    }
+
+    void on_fixed()
+    {
+        if (type == 'F')
+        {
+            upper = true;
+#if FMT_MSC_VER
+            // MSVC's printf doesn't support 'F'.
+            type = 'f';
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+
+    void on_hex()
+    {
+        if (type == 'A')
+            upper = true;
+    }
+
+    void on_error()
+    {
+        FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid type specifier"));
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Range>
+template<typename T>
+void basic_writer<Range>::write_double(T value, const format_specs &spec)
+{
+    // Check type.
+    float_spec_handler<char_type> handler(spec.type());
+    internal::handle_float_type_spec(spec.type(), handler);
+
+    char sign = 0;
+    // Use isnegative instead of value < 0 because the latter is always
+    // false for NaN.
+    if (internal::fputil::isnegative(static_cast<double>(value)))
+    {
+        sign = '-';
+        value = -value;
+    }
+    else if (spec.flag(SIGN_FLAG))
+    {
+        sign = spec.flag(PLUS_FLAG) ? '+' : ' ';
+    }
+
+    struct write_inf_or_nan_t
+    {
+        basic_writer &writer;
+        format_specs spec;
+        char sign;
+        void operator()(const char *str) const
+        {
+            writer.write_padded(INF_SIZE + (sign ? 1 : 0), spec, inf_or_nan_writer{sign, str});
+        }
+    } write_inf_or_nan = {*this, spec, sign};
+
+    // Format NaN and ininity ourselves because sprintf's output is not consistent
+    // across platforms.
+    if (internal::fputil::isnotanumber(value))
+        return write_inf_or_nan(handler.upper ? "NAN" : "nan");
+    if (internal::fputil::isinfinity(value))
+        return write_inf_or_nan(handler.upper ? "INF" : "inf");
+
+    basic_memory_buffer<char_type> buffer;
+    if (FMT_USE_GRISU && sizeof(T) <= sizeof(double) && std::numeric_limits<double>::is_iec559)
+    {
+        internal::fp fp_value(static_cast<double>(value));
+        fp_value.normalize();
+        // Find a cached power of 10 close to 1 / fp_value.
+        int dec_exp = 0;
+        const int min_exp = -60;
+        auto dec_pow = internal::get_cached_power(min_exp - (fp_value.e + internal::fp::significand_size), dec_exp);
+        internal::fp product = fp_value * dec_pow;
+        // Generate output.
+        internal::fp one(1ull << -product.e, product.e);
+        uint64_t hi = product.f >> -one.e;
+        uint64_t f = product.f & (one.f - 1);
+        typedef back_insert_range<internal::basic_buffer<char_type>> range;
+        basic_writer<range> w{range(buffer)};
+        w.write(hi);
+        size_t digits = buffer.size();
+        w.write('.');
+        const unsigned max_digits = 18;
+        while (digits++ < max_digits)
+        {
+            f *= 10;
+            w.write(static_cast<char>('0' + (f >> -one.e)));
+            f &= one.f - 1;
+        }
+        w.write('e');
+        w.write(-dec_exp);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        format_specs normalized_spec(spec);
+        normalized_spec.type_ = handler.type;
+        write_double_sprintf(value, normalized_spec, buffer);
+    }
+    size_t n = buffer.size();
+    align_spec as = spec;
+    if (spec.align() == ALIGN_NUMERIC)
+    {
+        if (sign)
+        {
+            auto &&it = reserve(1);
+            *it++ = sign;
+            sign = 0;
+            if (as.width_)
+                --as.width_;
+        }
+        as.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (spec.align() == ALIGN_DEFAULT)
+            as.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+        if (sign)
+            ++n;
+    }
+    write_padded(n, as, double_writer{n, sign, buffer});
+}
+
+template<typename Range>
+template<typename T>
+void basic_writer<Range>::write_double_sprintf(T value, const format_specs &spec, internal::basic_buffer<char_type> &buffer)
+{
+    // Buffer capacity must be non-zero, otherwise MSVC's vsnprintf_s will fail.
+    FMT_ASSERT(buffer.capacity() != 0, "empty buffer");
+
+    // Build format string.
+    enum
+    {
+        MAX_FORMAT_SIZE = 10
+    }; // longest format: %#-*.*Lg
+    char_type format[MAX_FORMAT_SIZE];
+    char_type *format_ptr = format;
+    *format_ptr++ = '%';
+    if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG))
+        *format_ptr++ = '#';
+    if (spec.precision() >= 0)
+    {
+        *format_ptr++ = '.';
+        *format_ptr++ = '*';
+    }
+
+    append_float_length(format_ptr, value);
+    *format_ptr++ = spec.type();
+    *format_ptr = '\0';
+
+    // Format using snprintf.
+    char_type *start = FMT_NULL;
+    for (;;)
+    {
+        std::size_t buffer_size = buffer.capacity();
+        start = &buffer[0];
+        int result = internal::char_traits<char_type>::format_float(start, buffer_size, format, spec.precision(), value);
+        if (result >= 0)
+        {
+            unsigned n = internal::to_unsigned(result);
+            if (n < buffer.capacity())
+            {
+                buffer.resize(n);
+                break; // The buffer is large enough - continue with formatting.
+            }
+            buffer.reserve(n + 1);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // If result is negative we ask to increase the capacity by at least 1,
+            // but as std::vector, the buffer grows exponentially.
+            buffer.reserve(buffer.capacity() + 1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Reports a system error without throwing an exception.
+// Can be used to report errors from destructors.
+FMT_API void report_system_error(int error_code, string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+
+#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+
+/** A Windows error. */
+class windows_error : public system_error
+{
+private:
+    FMT_API void init(int error_code, string_view format_str, format_args args);
+
+public:
+    /**
+     \rst
+     Constructs a :class:`fmt::windows_error` object with the description
+     of the form
+
+     .. parsed-literal::
+       *<message>*: *<system-message>*
+
+     where *<message>* is the formatted message and *<system-message>* is the
+     system message corresponding to the error code.
+     *error_code* is a Windows error code as given by ``GetLastError``.
+     If *error_code* is not a valid error code such as -1, the system message
+     will look like "error -1".
+
+     **Example**::
+
+       // This throws a windows_error with the description
+       //   cannot open file 'madeup': The system cannot find the file specified.
+       // or similar (system message may vary).
+       const char *filename = "madeup";
+       LPOFSTRUCT of = LPOFSTRUCT();
+       HFILE file = OpenFile(filename, &of, OF_READ);
+       if (file == HFILE_ERROR) {
+         throw fmt::windows_error(GetLastError(),
+                                  "cannot open file '{}'", filename);
+       }
+     \endrst
+    */
+    template<typename... Args>
+    windows_error(int error_code, string_view message, const Args &... args)
+    {
+        init(error_code, message, make_format_args(args...));
+    }
+};
+
+// Reports a Windows error without throwing an exception.
+// Can be used to report errors from destructors.
+FMT_API void report_windows_error(int error_code, string_view message) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+
+#endif
+
+/** Fast integer formatter. */
+class format_int
+{
+private:
+    // Buffer should be large enough to hold all digits (digits10 + 1),
+    // a sign and a null character.
+    enum
+    {
+        BUFFER_SIZE = std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::digits10 + 3
+    };
+    mutable char buffer_[BUFFER_SIZE];
+    char *str_;
+
+    // Formats value in reverse and returns a pointer to the beginning.
+    char *format_decimal(unsigned long long value)
+    {
+        char *ptr = buffer_ + BUFFER_SIZE - 1;
+        while (value >= 100)
+        {
+            // Integer division is slow so do it for a group of two digits instead
+            // of for every digit. The idea comes from the talk by Alexandrescu
+            // "Three Optimization Tips for C++". See speed-test for a comparison.
+            unsigned index = static_cast<unsigned>((value % 100) * 2);
+            value /= 100;
+            *--ptr = internal::data::DIGITS[index + 1];
+            *--ptr = internal::data::DIGITS[index];
+        }
+        if (value < 10)
+        {
+            *--ptr = static_cast<char>('0' + value);
+            return ptr;
+        }
+        unsigned index = static_cast<unsigned>(value * 2);
+        *--ptr = internal::data::DIGITS[index + 1];
+        *--ptr = internal::data::DIGITS[index];
+        return ptr;
+    }
+
+    void format_signed(long long value)
+    {
+        unsigned long long abs_value = static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
+        bool negative = value < 0;
+        if (negative)
+            abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+        str_ = format_decimal(abs_value);
+        if (negative)
+            *--str_ = '-';
+    }
+
+public:
+    explicit format_int(int value)
+    {
+        format_signed(value);
+    }
+    explicit format_int(long value)
+    {
+        format_signed(value);
+    }
+    explicit format_int(long long value)
+    {
+        format_signed(value);
+    }
+    explicit format_int(unsigned value)
+        : str_(format_decimal(value))
+    {
+    }
+    explicit format_int(unsigned long value)
+        : str_(format_decimal(value))
+    {
+    }
+    explicit format_int(unsigned long long value)
+        : str_(format_decimal(value))
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the number of characters written to the output buffer. */
+    std::size_t size() const
+    {
+        return internal::to_unsigned(buffer_ - str_ + BUFFER_SIZE - 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+      Returns a pointer to the output buffer content. No terminating null
+      character is appended.
+     */
+    const char *data() const
+    {
+        return str_;
+    }
+
+    /**
+      Returns a pointer to the output buffer content with terminating null
+      character appended.
+     */
+    const char *c_str() const
+    {
+        buffer_[BUFFER_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
+        return str_;
+    }
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Returns the content of the output buffer as an ``std::string``.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    std::string str() const
+    {
+        return std::string(str_, size());
+    }
+};
+
+// Formats a decimal integer value writing into buffer and returns
+// a pointer to the end of the formatted string. This function doesn't
+// write a terminating null character.
+template<typename T>
+inline void format_decimal(char *&buffer, T value)
+{
+    typedef typename internal::int_traits<T>::main_type main_type;
+    main_type abs_value = static_cast<main_type>(value);
+    if (internal::is_negative(value))
+    {
+        *buffer++ = '-';
+        abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+    }
+    if (abs_value < 100)
+    {
+        if (abs_value < 10)
+        {
+            *buffer++ = static_cast<char>('0' + abs_value);
+            return;
+        }
+        unsigned index = static_cast<unsigned>(abs_value * 2);
+        *buffer++ = internal::data::DIGITS[index];
+        *buffer++ = internal::data::DIGITS[index + 1];
+        return;
+    }
+    unsigned num_digits = internal::count_digits(abs_value);
+    internal::format_decimal(buffer, abs_value, num_digits);
+    buffer += num_digits;
+}
+
+// Formatter of objects of type T.
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<T, Char, typename std::enable_if<internal::format_type<typename buffer_context<Char>::type, T>::value>::type>
+{
+
+    // Parses format specifiers stopping either at the end of the range or at the
+    // terminating '}'.
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typename ParseContext::iterator parse(ParseContext &ctx)
+    {
+        auto it = internal::null_terminating_iterator<Char>(ctx);
+        typedef internal::dynamic_specs_handler<ParseContext> handler_type;
+        auto type = internal::get_type<typename buffer_context<Char>::type, T>::value;
+        internal::specs_checker<handler_type> handler(handler_type(specs_, ctx), type);
+        it = parse_format_specs(it, handler);
+        auto type_spec = specs_.type();
+        auto eh = ctx.error_handler();
+        switch (type)
+        {
+        case internal::none_type:
+        case internal::named_arg_type:
+            FMT_ASSERT(false, "invalid argument type");
+            break;
+        case internal::int_type:
+        case internal::uint_type:
+        case internal::long_long_type:
+        case internal::ulong_long_type:
+        case internal::bool_type:
+            handle_int_type_spec(type_spec, internal::int_type_checker<decltype(eh)>(eh));
+            break;
+        case internal::char_type:
+            handle_char_specs(specs_, internal::char_specs_checker<decltype(eh), decltype(type_spec)>(type_spec, eh));
+            break;
+        case internal::double_type:
+        case internal::long_double_type:
+            handle_float_type_spec(type_spec, internal::float_type_checker<decltype(eh)>(eh));
+            break;
+        case internal::cstring_type:
+            internal::handle_cstring_type_spec(type_spec, internal::cstring_type_checker<decltype(eh)>(eh));
+            break;
+        case internal::string_type:
+            internal::check_string_type_spec(type_spec, eh);
+            break;
+        case internal::pointer_type:
+            internal::check_pointer_type_spec(type_spec, eh);
+            break;
+        case internal::custom_type:
+            // Custom format specifiers should be checked in parse functions of
+            // formatter specializations.
+            break;
+        }
+        return pointer_from(it);
+    }
+
+    template<typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(const T &val, FormatContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out())
+    {
+        internal::handle_dynamic_spec<internal::width_checker>(specs_.width_, specs_.width_ref, ctx);
+        internal::handle_dynamic_spec<internal::precision_checker>(specs_.precision_, specs_.precision_ref, ctx);
+        typedef output_range<typename FormatContext::iterator, typename FormatContext::char_type> range_type;
+        return visit(arg_formatter<range_type>(ctx, specs_), internal::make_arg<FormatContext>(val));
+    }
+
+private:
+    internal::dynamic_format_specs<Char> specs_;
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<T, Char, typename std::enable_if<internal::format_enum<T>::value>::type> : public formatter<int, Char>
+{
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    auto parse(ParseContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin())
+    {
+        return ctx.begin();
+    }
+};
+
+// A formatter for types known only at run time such as variant alternatives.
+//
+// Usage:
+//   typedef std::variant<int, std::string> variant;
+//   template <>
+//   struct formatter<variant>: dynamic_formatter<> {
+//     void format(buffer &buf, const variant &v, context &ctx) {
+//       visit([&](const auto &val) { format(buf, val, ctx); }, v);
+//     }
+//   };
+template<typename Char = char>
+class dynamic_formatter
+{
+private:
+    struct null_handler : internal::error_handler
+    {
+        void on_align(alignment) {}
+        void on_plus() {}
+        void on_minus() {}
+        void on_space() {}
+        void on_hash() {}
+    };
+
+public:
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    auto parse(ParseContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin())
+    {
+        auto it = internal::null_terminating_iterator<Char>(ctx);
+        // Checks are deferred to formatting time when the argument type is known.
+        internal::dynamic_specs_handler<ParseContext> handler(specs_, ctx);
+        it = parse_format_specs(it, handler);
+        return pointer_from(it);
+    }
+
+    template<typename T, typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(const T &val, FormatContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out())
+    {
+        handle_specs(ctx);
+        internal::specs_checker<null_handler> checker(null_handler(), internal::get_type<FormatContext, T>::value);
+        checker.on_align(specs_.align());
+        if (specs_.flags_ == 0)
+        {
+            // Do nothing.
+        }
+        else if (specs_.flag(SIGN_FLAG))
+        {
+            if (specs_.flag(PLUS_FLAG))
+                checker.on_plus();
+            else
+                checker.on_space();
+        }
+        else if (specs_.flag(MINUS_FLAG))
+        {
+            checker.on_minus();
+        }
+        else if (specs_.flag(HASH_FLAG))
+        {
+            checker.on_hash();
+        }
+        if (specs_.precision_ != -1)
+            checker.end_precision();
+        typedef output_range<typename FormatContext::iterator, typename FormatContext::char_type> range;
+        visit(arg_formatter<range>(ctx, specs_), internal::make_arg<FormatContext>(val));
+        return ctx.out();
+    }
+
+private:
+    template<typename Context>
+    void handle_specs(Context &ctx)
+    {
+        internal::handle_dynamic_spec<internal::width_checker>(specs_.width_, specs_.width_ref, ctx);
+        internal::handle_dynamic_spec<internal::precision_checker>(specs_.precision_, specs_.precision_ref, ctx);
+    }
+
+    internal::dynamic_format_specs<Char> specs_;
+};
+
+template<typename Range, typename Char>
+typename basic_format_context<Range, Char>::format_arg basic_format_context<Range, Char>::get_arg(basic_string_view<char_type> name)
+{
+    map_.init(this->args());
+    format_arg arg = map_.find(name);
+    if (arg.type() == internal::none_type)
+        this->on_error("argument not found");
+    return arg;
+}
+
+template<typename ArgFormatter, typename Char, typename Context>
+struct format_handler : internal::error_handler
+{
+    typedef internal::null_terminating_iterator<Char> iterator;
+    typedef typename ArgFormatter::range range;
+
+    format_handler(range r, basic_string_view<Char> str, basic_format_args<Context> format_args)
+        : context(r.begin(), str, format_args)
+    {
+    }
+
+    void on_text(iterator begin, iterator end)
+    {
+        auto size = internal::to_unsigned(end - begin);
+        auto out = context.out();
+        auto &&it = internal::reserve(out, size);
+        it = std::copy_n(begin, size, it);
+        context.advance_to(out);
+    }
+
+    void on_arg_id()
+    {
+        arg = context.next_arg();
+    }
+    void on_arg_id(unsigned id)
+    {
+        context.parse_context().check_arg_id(id);
+        arg = context.get_arg(id);
+    }
+    void on_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char> id)
+    {
+        arg = context.get_arg(id);
+    }
+
+    void on_replacement_field(iterator it)
+    {
+        context.parse_context().advance_to(pointer_from(it));
+        if (visit(internal::custom_formatter<Char, Context>(context), arg))
+            return;
+        basic_format_specs<Char> specs;
+        context.advance_to(visit(ArgFormatter(context, specs), arg));
+    }
+
+    iterator on_format_specs(iterator it)
+    {
+        auto &parse_ctx = context.parse_context();
+        parse_ctx.advance_to(pointer_from(it));
+        if (visit(internal::custom_formatter<Char, Context>(context), arg))
+            return iterator(parse_ctx);
+        basic_format_specs<Char> specs;
+        using internal::specs_handler;
+        internal::specs_checker<specs_handler<Context>> handler(specs_handler<Context>(specs, context), arg.type());
+        it = parse_format_specs(it, handler);
+        if (*it != '}')
+            on_error("missing '}' in format string");
+        parse_ctx.advance_to(pointer_from(it));
+        context.advance_to(visit(ArgFormatter(context, specs), arg));
+        return it;
+    }
+
+    Context context;
+    basic_format_arg<Context> arg;
+};
+
+/** Formats arguments and writes the output to the range. */
+template<typename ArgFormatter, typename Char, typename Context>
+typename Context::iterator vformat_to(typename ArgFormatter::range out, basic_string_view<Char> format_str, basic_format_args<Context> args)
+{
+    typedef internal::null_terminating_iterator<Char> iterator;
+    format_handler<ArgFormatter, Char, Context> h(out, format_str, args);
+    parse_format_string(iterator(format_str.begin(), format_str.end()), h);
+    return h.context.out();
+}
+
+// Casts ``p`` to ``const void*`` for pointer formatting.
+// Example:
+//   auto s = format("{}", ptr(p));
+template<typename T>
+inline const void *ptr(const T *p)
+{
+    return p;
+}
+
+template<typename It, typename Char>
+struct arg_join
+{
+    It begin;
+    It end;
+    basic_string_view<Char> sep;
+
+    arg_join(It begin, It end, basic_string_view<Char> sep)
+        : begin(begin)
+        , end(end)
+        , sep(sep)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename It, typename Char>
+struct formatter<arg_join<It, Char>, Char> : formatter<typename std::iterator_traits<It>::value_type, Char>
+{
+    template<typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(const arg_join<It, Char> &value, FormatContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out())
+    {
+        typedef formatter<typename std::iterator_traits<It>::value_type, Char> base;
+        auto it = value.begin;
+        auto out = ctx.out();
+        if (it != value.end)
+        {
+            out = base::format(*it++, ctx);
+            while (it != value.end)
+            {
+                out = std::copy(value.sep.begin(), value.sep.end(), out);
+                ctx.advance_to(out);
+                out = base::format(*it++, ctx);
+            }
+        }
+        return out;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename It>
+arg_join<It, char> join(It begin, It end, string_view sep)
+{
+    return arg_join<It, char>(begin, end, sep);
+}
+
+template<typename It>
+arg_join<It, wchar_t> join(It begin, It end, wstring_view sep)
+{
+    return arg_join<It, wchar_t>(begin, end, sep);
+}
+
+// The following causes ICE in gcc 4.4.
+#if FMT_USE_TRAILING_RETURN && (!FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 405)
+template<typename Range>
+auto join(const Range &range, string_view sep) -> arg_join<decltype(internal::begin(range)), char>
+{
+    return join(internal::begin(range), internal::end(range), sep);
+}
+
+template<typename Range>
+auto join(const Range &range, wstring_view sep) -> arg_join<decltype(internal::begin(range)), wchar_t>
+{
+    return join(internal::begin(range), internal::end(range), sep);
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Converts *value* to ``std::string`` using the default format for type *T*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    #include <fmt/format.h>
+
+    std::string answer = fmt::to_string(42);
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename T>
+std::string to_string(const T &value)
+{
+    std::string str;
+    internal::container_buffer<std::string> buf(str);
+    writer(buf).write(value);
+    return str;
+}
+
+/**
+  Converts *value* to ``std::wstring`` using the default format for type *T*.
+ */
+template<typename T>
+std::wstring to_wstring(const T &value)
+{
+    std::wstring str;
+    internal::container_buffer<std::wstring> buf(str);
+    wwriter(buf).write(value);
+    return str;
+}
+
+template<typename Char, std::size_t SIZE>
+std::basic_string<Char> to_string(const basic_memory_buffer<Char, SIZE> &buf)
+{
+    return std::basic_string<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size());
+}
+
+inline format_context::iterator vformat_to(internal::buffer &buf, string_view format_str, format_args args)
+{
+    typedef back_insert_range<internal::buffer> range;
+    return vformat_to<arg_formatter<range>>(buf, format_str, args);
+}
+
+inline wformat_context::iterator vformat_to(internal::wbuffer &buf, wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args)
+{
+    typedef back_insert_range<internal::wbuffer> range;
+    return vformat_to<arg_formatter<range>>(buf, format_str, args);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args, std::size_t SIZE = inline_buffer_size>
+inline format_context::iterator format_to(basic_memory_buffer<char, SIZE> &buf, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vformat_to(buf, format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename... Args, std::size_t SIZE = inline_buffer_size>
+inline wformat_context::iterator format_to(basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t, SIZE> &buf, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vformat_to(buf, format_str, make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char = char>
+// using format_context_t = basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>;
+struct format_context_t
+{
+    typedef basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char> type;
+};
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char = char>
+// using format_args_t = basic_format_args<format_context_t<OutputIt, Char>>;
+struct format_args_t
+{
+    typedef basic_format_args<typename format_context_t<OutputIt, Char>::type> type;
+};
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+inline OutputIt vformat_to(OutputIt out, string_view format_str, typename format_args_t<OutputIt>::type args)
+{
+    typedef output_range<OutputIt, char> range;
+    return vformat_to<arg_formatter<range>>(range(out), format_str, args);
+}
+template<typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+inline OutputIt vformat_to(OutputIt out, wstring_view format_str, typename format_args_t<OutputIt, wchar_t>::type args)
+{
+    typedef output_range<OutputIt, wchar_t> range;
+    return vformat_to<arg_formatter<range>>(range(out), format_str, args);
+}
+
+/**
+ \rst
+ Formats arguments, writes the result to the output iterator ``out`` and returns
+ the iterator past the end of the output range.
+
+ **Example**::
+
+   std::vector<char> out;
+   fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out), "{}", 42);
+ \endrst
+ */
+template<typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+inline OutputIt format_to(OutputIt out, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vformat_to(out, format_str, make_format_args<typename format_context_t<OutputIt>::type>(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename Container, typename... Args>
+inline typename std::enable_if<is_contiguous<Container>::value, std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>::type format_to(
+    std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vformat_to(out, format_str, make_format_args<format_context>(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename Container, typename... Args>
+inline typename std::enable_if<is_contiguous<Container>::value, std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>::type format_to(
+    std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vformat_to(out, format_str, make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIt>
+struct format_to_n_result
+{
+    /** Iterator past the end of the output range. */
+    OutputIt out;
+    /** Total (not truncated) output size. */
+    std::size_t size;
+};
+
+template<typename OutputIt>
+using format_to_n_context = typename fmt::format_context_t<fmt::internal::truncating_iterator<OutputIt>>::type;
+
+template<typename OutputIt>
+using format_to_n_args = fmt::basic_format_args<format_to_n_context<OutputIt>>;
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+inline format_arg_store<format_to_n_context<OutputIt>, Args...> make_format_to_n_args(const Args &... args)
+{
+    return format_arg_store<format_to_n_context<OutputIt>, Args...>(args...);
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+inline format_to_n_result<OutputIt> vformat_to_n(OutputIt out, std::size_t n, string_view format_str, format_to_n_args<OutputIt> args)
+{
+    typedef internal::truncating_iterator<OutputIt> It;
+    auto it = vformat_to(It(out, n), format_str, args);
+    return {it.base(), it.count()};
+}
+
+/**
+ \rst
+ Formats arguments, writes up to ``n`` characters of the result to the output
+ iterator ``out`` and returns the total output size and the iterator past the
+ end
+ of the output range.
+ \endrst
+ */
+template<typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+inline format_to_n_result<OutputIt> format_to_n(OutputIt out, std::size_t n, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vformat_to_n<OutputIt>(out, n, format_str, make_format_to_n_args<OutputIt>(args...));
+}
+template<typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+inline format_to_n_result<OutputIt> format_to_n(OutputIt out, std::size_t n, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    typedef internal::truncating_iterator<OutputIt> It;
+    auto it = vformat_to(It(out, n), format_str, make_format_args<typename format_context_t<It, wchar_t>::type>(args...));
+    return {it.base(), it.count()};
+}
+
+inline std::string vformat(string_view format_str, format_args args)
+{
+    memory_buffer buffer;
+    vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
+    return fmt::to_string(buffer);
+}
+
+inline std::wstring vformat(wstring_view format_str, wformat_args args)
+{
+    wmemory_buffer buffer;
+    vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
+    return to_string(buffer);
+}
+
+template<typename String, typename... Args>
+inline typename std::enable_if<internal::is_format_string<String>::value, std::string>::type format(String format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    internal::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
+    return vformat(format_str.data(), make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename String, typename... Args>
+inline typename std::enable_if<internal::is_format_string<String>::value>::type print(String format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    internal::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
+    return vprint(format_str.data(), make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+/**
+  Returns the number of characters in the output of
+  ``format(format_str, args...)``.
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::size_t formatted_size(string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    auto it = format_to(internal::counting_iterator<char>(), format_str, args...);
+    return it.count();
+}
+
+// Experimental color support.
+#ifdef FMT_EXTENDED_COLORS
+enum class color : uint32_t
+{
+    alice_blue = 0xF0F8FF,              // rgb(240,248,255)
+    antique_white = 0xFAEBD7,           // rgb(250,235,215)
+    aqua = 0x00FFFF,                    // rgb(0,255,255)
+    aquamarine = 0x7FFFD4,              // rgb(127,255,212)
+    azure = 0xF0FFFF,                   // rgb(240,255,255)
+    beige = 0xF5F5DC,                   // rgb(245,245,220)
+    bisque = 0xFFE4C4,                  // rgb(255,228,196)
+    black = 0x000000,                   // rgb(0,0,0)
+    blanched_almond = 0xFFEBCD,         // rgb(255,235,205)
+    blue = 0x0000FF,                    // rgb(0,0,255)
+    blue_violet = 0x8A2BE2,             // rgb(138,43,226)
+    brown = 0xA52A2A,                   // rgb(165,42,42)
+    burly_wood = 0xDEB887,              // rgb(222,184,135)
+    cadet_blue = 0x5F9EA0,              // rgb(95,158,160)
+    chartreuse = 0x7FFF00,              // rgb(127,255,0)
+    chocolate = 0xD2691E,               // rgb(210,105,30)
+    coral = 0xFF7F50,                   // rgb(255,127,80)
+    cornflower_blue = 0x6495ED,         // rgb(100,149,237)
+    cornsilk = 0xFFF8DC,                // rgb(255,248,220)
+    crimson = 0xDC143C,                 // rgb(220,20,60)
+    cyan = 0x00FFFF,                    // rgb(0,255,255)
+    dark_blue = 0x00008B,               // rgb(0,0,139)
+    dark_cyan = 0x008B8B,               // rgb(0,139,139)
+    dark_golden_rod = 0xB8860B,         // rgb(184,134,11)
+    dark_gray = 0xA9A9A9,               // rgb(169,169,169)
+    dark_green = 0x006400,              // rgb(0,100,0)
+    dark_khaki = 0xBDB76B,              // rgb(189,183,107)
+    dark_magenta = 0x8B008B,            // rgb(139,0,139)
+    dark_olive_green = 0x556B2F,        // rgb(85,107,47)
+    dark_orange = 0xFF8C00,             // rgb(255,140,0)
+    dark_orchid = 0x9932CC,             // rgb(153,50,204)
+    dark_red = 0x8B0000,                // rgb(139,0,0)
+    dark_salmon = 0xE9967A,             // rgb(233,150,122)
+    dark_sea_green = 0x8FBC8F,          // rgb(143,188,143)
+    dark_slate_blue = 0x483D8B,         // rgb(72,61,139)
+    dark_slate_gray = 0x2F4F4F,         // rgb(47,79,79)
+    dark_turquoise = 0x00CED1,          // rgb(0,206,209)
+    dark_violet = 0x9400D3,             // rgb(148,0,211)
+    deep_pink = 0xFF1493,               // rgb(255,20,147)
+    deep_sky_blue = 0x00BFFF,           // rgb(0,191,255)
+    dim_gray = 0x696969,                // rgb(105,105,105)
+    dodger_blue = 0x1E90FF,             // rgb(30,144,255)
+    fire_brick = 0xB22222,              // rgb(178,34,34)
+    floral_white = 0xFFFAF0,            // rgb(255,250,240)
+    forest_green = 0x228B22,            // rgb(34,139,34)
+    fuchsia = 0xFF00FF,                 // rgb(255,0,255)
+    gainsboro = 0xDCDCDC,               // rgb(220,220,220)
+    ghost_white = 0xF8F8FF,             // rgb(248,248,255)
+    gold = 0xFFD700,                    // rgb(255,215,0)
+    golden_rod = 0xDAA520,              // rgb(218,165,32)
+    gray = 0x808080,                    // rgb(128,128,128)
+    green = 0x008000,                   // rgb(0,128,0)
+    green_yellow = 0xADFF2F,            // rgb(173,255,47)
+    honey_dew = 0xF0FFF0,               // rgb(240,255,240)
+    hot_pink = 0xFF69B4,                // rgb(255,105,180)
+    indian_red = 0xCD5C5C,              // rgb(205,92,92)
+    indigo = 0x4B0082,                  // rgb(75,0,130)
+    ivory = 0xFFFFF0,                   // rgb(255,255,240)
+    khaki = 0xF0E68C,                   // rgb(240,230,140)
+    lavender = 0xE6E6FA,                // rgb(230,230,250)
+    lavender_blush = 0xFFF0F5,          // rgb(255,240,245)
+    lawn_green = 0x7CFC00,              // rgb(124,252,0)
+    lemon_chiffon = 0xFFFACD,           // rgb(255,250,205)
+    light_blue = 0xADD8E6,              // rgb(173,216,230)
+    light_coral = 0xF08080,             // rgb(240,128,128)
+    light_cyan = 0xE0FFFF,              // rgb(224,255,255)
+    light_golden_rod_yellow = 0xFAFAD2, // rgb(250,250,210)
+    light_gray = 0xD3D3D3,              // rgb(211,211,211)
+    light_green = 0x90EE90,             // rgb(144,238,144)
+    light_pink = 0xFFB6C1,              // rgb(255,182,193)
+    light_salmon = 0xFFA07A,            // rgb(255,160,122)
+    light_sea_green = 0x20B2AA,         // rgb(32,178,170)
+    light_sky_blue = 0x87CEFA,          // rgb(135,206,250)
+    light_slate_gray = 0x778899,        // rgb(119,136,153)
+    light_steel_blue = 0xB0C4DE,        // rgb(176,196,222)
+    light_yellow = 0xFFFFE0,            // rgb(255,255,224)
+    lime = 0x00FF00,                    // rgb(0,255,0)
+    lime_green = 0x32CD32,              // rgb(50,205,50)
+    linen = 0xFAF0E6,                   // rgb(250,240,230)
+    magenta = 0xFF00FF,                 // rgb(255,0,255)
+    maroon = 0x800000,                  // rgb(128,0,0)
+    medium_aquamarine = 0x66CDAA,       // rgb(102,205,170)
+    medium_blue = 0x0000CD,             // rgb(0,0,205)
+    medium_orchid = 0xBA55D3,           // rgb(186,85,211)
+    medium_purple = 0x9370DB,           // rgb(147,112,219)
+    medium_sea_green = 0x3CB371,        // rgb(60,179,113)
+    medium_slate_blue = 0x7B68EE,       // rgb(123,104,238)
+    medium_spring_green = 0x00FA9A,     // rgb(0,250,154)
+    medium_turquoise = 0x48D1CC,        // rgb(72,209,204)
+    medium_violet_red = 0xC71585,       // rgb(199,21,133)
+    midnight_blue = 0x191970,           // rgb(25,25,112)
+    mint_cream = 0xF5FFFA,              // rgb(245,255,250)
+    misty_rose = 0xFFE4E1,              // rgb(255,228,225)
+    moccasin = 0xFFE4B5,                // rgb(255,228,181)
+    navajo_white = 0xFFDEAD,            // rgb(255,222,173)
+    navy = 0x000080,                    // rgb(0,0,128)
+    old_lace = 0xFDF5E6,                // rgb(253,245,230)
+    olive = 0x808000,                   // rgb(128,128,0)
+    olive_drab = 0x6B8E23,              // rgb(107,142,35)
+    orange = 0xFFA500,                  // rgb(255,165,0)
+    orange_red = 0xFF4500,              // rgb(255,69,0)
+    orchid = 0xDA70D6,                  // rgb(218,112,214)
+    pale_golden_rod = 0xEEE8AA,         // rgb(238,232,170)
+    pale_green = 0x98FB98,              // rgb(152,251,152)
+    pale_turquoise = 0xAFEEEE,          // rgb(175,238,238)
+    pale_violet_red = 0xDB7093,         // rgb(219,112,147)
+    papaya_whip = 0xFFEFD5,             // rgb(255,239,213)
+    peach_puff = 0xFFDAB9,              // rgb(255,218,185)
+    peru = 0xCD853F,                    // rgb(205,133,63)
+    pink = 0xFFC0CB,                    // rgb(255,192,203)
+    plum = 0xDDA0DD,                    // rgb(221,160,221)
+    powder_blue = 0xB0E0E6,             // rgb(176,224,230)
+    purple = 0x800080,                  // rgb(128,0,128)
+    rebecca_purple = 0x663399,          // rgb(102,51,153)
+    red = 0xFF0000,                     // rgb(255,0,0)
+    rosy_brown = 0xBC8F8F,              // rgb(188,143,143)
+    royal_blue = 0x4169E1,              // rgb(65,105,225)
+    saddle_brown = 0x8B4513,            // rgb(139,69,19)
+    salmon = 0xFA8072,                  // rgb(250,128,114)
+    sandy_brown = 0xF4A460,             // rgb(244,164,96)
+    sea_green = 0x2E8B57,               // rgb(46,139,87)
+    sea_shell = 0xFFF5EE,               // rgb(255,245,238)
+    sienna = 0xA0522D,                  // rgb(160,82,45)
+    silver = 0xC0C0C0,                  // rgb(192,192,192)
+    sky_blue = 0x87CEEB,                // rgb(135,206,235)
+    slate_blue = 0x6A5ACD,              // rgb(106,90,205)
+    slate_gray = 0x708090,              // rgb(112,128,144)
+    snow = 0xFFFAFA,                    // rgb(255,250,250)
+    spring_green = 0x00FF7F,            // rgb(0,255,127)
+    steel_blue = 0x4682B4,              // rgb(70,130,180)
+    tan = 0xD2B48C,                     // rgb(210,180,140)
+    teal = 0x008080,                    // rgb(0,128,128)
+    thistle = 0xD8BFD8,                 // rgb(216,191,216)
+    tomato = 0xFF6347,                  // rgb(255,99,71)
+    turquoise = 0x40E0D0,               // rgb(64,224,208)
+    violet = 0xEE82EE,                  // rgb(238,130,238)
+    wheat = 0xF5DEB3,                   // rgb(245,222,179)
+    white = 0xFFFFFF,                   // rgb(255,255,255)
+    white_smoke = 0xF5F5F5,             // rgb(245,245,245)
+    yellow = 0xFFFF00,                  // rgb(255,255,0)
+    yellow_green = 0x9ACD32,            // rgb(154,205,50)
+};                                      // enum class color
+
+// rgb is a struct for red, green and blue colors.
+// We use rgb as name because some editors will show it as color direct in the
+// editor.
+struct rgb
+{
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL rgb()
+        : r(0)
+        , g(0)
+        , b(0)
+    {
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL rgb(uint8_t r_, uint8_t g_, uint8_t b_)
+        : r(r_)
+        , g(g_)
+        , b(b_)
+    {
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL rgb(uint32_t hex)
+        : r((hex >> 16) & 0xFF)
+        , g((hex >> 8) & 0xFF)
+        , b((hex)&0xFF)
+    {
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL rgb(color hex)
+        : r((uint32_t(hex) >> 16) & 0xFF)
+        , g((uint32_t(hex) >> 8) & 0xFF)
+        , b(uint32_t(hex) & 0xFF)
+    {
+    }
+    uint8_t r;
+    uint8_t g;
+    uint8_t b;
+};
+
+void vprint_rgb(rgb fd, string_view format, format_args args);
+void vprint_rgb(rgb fd, rgb bg, string_view format, format_args args);
+
+/**
+  Formats a string and prints it to stdout using ANSI escape sequences to
+  specify foreground color 'fd'.
+  Example:
+    fmt::print(fmt::color::red, "Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(rgb fd, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint_rgb(fd, format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+/**
+  Formats a string and prints it to stdout using ANSI escape sequences to
+  specify foreground color 'fd' and background color 'bg'.
+  Example:
+    fmt::print(fmt::color::red, fmt::color::black, "Elapsed time: {0:.2f}
+  seconds", 1.23);
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(rgb fd, rgb bg, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint_rgb(fd, bg, format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+}
+#endif // FMT_EXTENDED_COLORS
+
+#if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+namespace internal {
+
+#if FMT_UDL_TEMPLATE
+template<typename Char, Char... CHARS>
+class udl_formatter
+{
+public:
+    template<typename... Args>
+    std::basic_string<Char> operator()(const Args &... args) const
+    {
+        FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL Char s[] = {CHARS..., '\0'};
+        FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL bool invalid_format =
+            check_format_string<Char, error_handler, Args...>(basic_string_view<Char>(s, sizeof...(CHARS)));
+        (void)invalid_format;
+        return format(s, args...);
+    }
+};
+#else
+template<typename Char>
+struct udl_formatter
+{
+    const Char *str;
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    auto operator()(Args &&... args) const -> decltype(format(str, std::forward<Args>(args)...))
+    {
+        return format(str, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    }
+};
+#endif // FMT_UDL_TEMPLATE
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct udl_arg
+{
+    const Char *str;
+
+    template<typename T>
+    named_arg<T, Char> operator=(T &&value) const
+    {
+        return {str, std::forward<T>(value)};
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace internal
+
+inline namespace literals {
+
+#if FMT_UDL_TEMPLATE
+template<typename Char, Char... CHARS>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR internal::udl_formatter<Char, CHARS...> operator""_format()
+{
+    return {};
+}
+#else
+/**
+  \rst
+  User-defined literal equivalent of :func:`fmt::format`.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    using namespace fmt::literals;
+    std::string message = "The answer is {}"_format(42);
+  \endrst
+ */
+inline internal::udl_formatter<char> operator"" _format(const char *s, std::size_t)
+{
+    return {s};
+}
+inline internal::udl_formatter<wchar_t> operator"" _format(const wchar_t *s, std::size_t)
+{
+    return {s};
+}
+#endif // FMT_UDL_TEMPLATE
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  User-defined literal equivalent of :func:`fmt::arg`.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    using namespace fmt::literals;
+    fmt::print("Elapsed time: {s:.2f} seconds", "s"_a=1.23);
+  \endrst
+ */
+inline internal::udl_arg<char> operator"" _a(const char *s, std::size_t)
+{
+    return {s};
+}
+inline internal::udl_arg<wchar_t> operator"" _a(const wchar_t *s, std::size_t)
+{
+    return {s};
+}
+} // namespace literals
+#endif // FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#define FMT_STRING(s)                                                                                                                      \
+    [] {                                                                                                                                   \
+        struct S : fmt::format_string                                                                                                      \
+        {                                                                                                                                  \
+            static FMT_CONSTEXPR decltype(s) data()                                                                                        \
+            {                                                                                                                              \
+                return s;                                                                                                                  \
+            }                                                                                                                              \
+            static FMT_CONSTEXPR size_t size()                                                                                             \
+            {                                                                                                                              \
+                return sizeof(s);                                                                                                          \
+            }                                                                                                                              \
+        };                                                                                                                                 \
+        return S{};                                                                                                                        \
+    }()
+
+#ifndef FMT_NO_FMT_STRING_ALIAS
+/**
+  \rst
+  Constructs a compile-time format string.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    #include <fmt/format.h>
+    // A compile-time error because 'd' is an invalid specifier for strings.
+    std::string s = format(fmt("{:d}"), "foo");
+  \endrst
+ */
+#define fmt(s) FMT_STRING(s)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#define FMT_FUNC inline
+#include "format-inl.h"
+#else
+#define FMT_FUNC
+#endif
+
+// Restore warnings.
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 406 || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#endif // FMT_FORMAT_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/locale.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/locale.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0fa78c8562067ff5eca4c56c893a9e276905004d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/locale.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - locale support
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#include "format.h"
+#include <locale>
+
+namespace fmt {
+class locale
+{
+private:
+    std::locale locale_;
+
+public:
+    explicit locale(std::locale loc = std::locale())
+        : locale_(loc)
+    {
+    }
+    std::locale get()
+    {
+        return locale_;
+    }
+};
+} // namespace fmt
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ostream.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ostream.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..439ded6e1ed62ad451bdf96f2b5f247a9e86f7e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ostream.h
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - std::ostream support
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_OSTREAM_H_
+#define FMT_OSTREAM_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+#include <ostream>
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace internal {
+
+template<class Char>
+class formatbuf : public std::basic_streambuf<Char>
+{
+private:
+    typedef typename std::basic_streambuf<Char>::int_type int_type;
+    typedef typename std::basic_streambuf<Char>::traits_type traits_type;
+
+    basic_buffer<Char> &buffer_;
+
+public:
+    formatbuf(basic_buffer<Char> &buffer)
+        : buffer_(buffer)
+    {
+    }
+
+protected:
+    // The put-area is actually always empty. This makes the implementation
+    // simpler and has the advantage that the streambuf and the buffer are always
+    // in sync and sputc never writes into uninitialized memory. The obvious
+    // disadvantage is that each call to sputc always results in a (virtual) call
+    // to overflow. There is no disadvantage here for sputn since this always
+    // results in a call to xsputn.
+
+    int_type overflow(int_type ch = traits_type::eof()) FMT_OVERRIDE
+    {
+        if (!traits_type::eq_int_type(ch, traits_type::eof()))
+            buffer_.push_back(static_cast<Char>(ch));
+        return ch;
+    }
+
+    std::streamsize xsputn(const Char *s, std::streamsize count) FMT_OVERRIDE
+    {
+        buffer_.append(s, s + count);
+        return count;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct test_stream : std::basic_ostream<Char>
+{
+private:
+    struct null;
+    // Hide all operator<< from std::basic_ostream<Char>.
+    void operator<<(null);
+};
+
+// Checks if T has a user-defined operator<< (e.g. not a member of
+// std::ostream).
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+class is_streamable
+{
+private:
+    template<typename U>
+    static decltype(internal::declval<test_stream<Char> &>() << internal::declval<U>(), std::true_type()) test(int);
+
+    template<typename>
+    static std::false_type test(...);
+
+    typedef decltype(test<T>(0)) result;
+
+public:
+    // std::string operator<< is not considered user-defined because we handle
+    // strings
+    // specially.
+    static const bool value = result::value && !std::is_same<T, std::string>::value;
+};
+
+// Disable conversion to int if T has an overloaded operator<< which is a free
+// function (not a member of std::ostream).
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+class convert_to_int<T, Char, true>
+{
+public:
+    static const bool value = convert_to_int<T, Char, false>::value && !is_streamable<T, Char>::value;
+};
+
+// Write the content of buf to os.
+template<typename Char>
+void write(std::basic_ostream<Char> &os, basic_buffer<Char> &buf)
+{
+    const Char *data = buf.data();
+    typedef std::make_unsigned<std::streamsize>::type UnsignedStreamSize;
+    UnsignedStreamSize size = buf.size();
+    UnsignedStreamSize max_size = internal::to_unsigned((std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max)());
+    do
+    {
+        UnsignedStreamSize n = size <= max_size ? size : max_size;
+        os.write(data, static_cast<std::streamsize>(n));
+        data += n;
+        size -= n;
+    } while (size != 0);
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename T>
+void format_value(basic_buffer<Char> &buffer, const T &value)
+{
+    internal::formatbuf<Char> format_buf(buffer);
+    std::basic_ostream<Char> output(&format_buf);
+    output.exceptions(std::ios_base::failbit | std::ios_base::badbit);
+    output << value;
+    buffer.resize(buffer.size());
+}
+
+// Disable builtin formatting of enums and use operator<< instead.
+template<typename T>
+struct format_enum<T, typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<T>::value>::type> : std::false_type
+{
+};
+} // namespace internal
+
+// Formats an object of type T that has an overloaded ostream operator<<.
+template<typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<T, Char, typename std::enable_if<internal::is_streamable<T, Char>::value>::type> : formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char>
+{
+
+    template<typename Context>
+    auto format(const T &value, Context &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out())
+    {
+        basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
+        internal::format_value(buffer, value);
+        basic_string_view<Char> str(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+        formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char>::format(str, ctx);
+        return ctx.out();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Char>
+inline void vprint(
+    std::basic_ostream<Char> &os, basic_string_view<Char> format_str, basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args)
+{
+    basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
+    vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
+    internal::write(os, buffer);
+}
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to the stream *os*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::print(cerr, "Don't {}!", "panic");
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(std::ostream &os, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint<char>(os, format_str, make_format_args<format_context>(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline void print(std::wostream &os, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    vprint<wchar_t>(os, format_str, make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...));
+}
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // FMT_OSTREAM_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/posix.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/posix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..20c758997187d77a870cc8cb247620f0322c44a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/posix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+// A C++ interface to POSIX functions.
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_POSIX_H_
+#define FMT_POSIX_H_
+
+#if defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
+// Workaround MinGW bug https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw/bugs/2024/.
+#undef __STRICT_ANSI__
+#endif
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>  // for O_RDONLY
+#include <locale.h> // for locale_t
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h> // for strtod_l
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+#if defined __APPLE__ || defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#include <xlocale.h> // for LC_NUMERIC_MASK on OS X
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+#ifndef FMT_POSIX
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
+#define FMT_POSIX(call) _##call
+#else
+#define FMT_POSIX(call) call
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// Calls to system functions are wrapped in FMT_SYSTEM for testability.
+#ifdef FMT_SYSTEM
+#define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) FMT_SYSTEM(call)
+#else
+#define FMT_SYSTEM(call) call
+#ifdef _WIN32
+// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
+#define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::_##call
+#else
+#define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::call
+#endif
+#endif
+
+// Retries the expression while it evaluates to error_result and errno
+// equals to EINTR.
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result)                                                                                    \
+    do                                                                                                                                     \
+    {                                                                                                                                      \
+        result = (expression);                                                                                                             \
+    } while (result == error_result && errno == EINTR)
+#else
+#define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) result = (expression)
+#endif
+
+#define FMT_RETRY(result, expression) FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, -1)
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  A reference to a null-terminated string. It can be constructed from a C
+  string or ``std::string``.
+
+  You can use one of the following typedefs for common character types:
+
+  +---------------+-----------------------------+
+  | Type          | Definition                  |
+  +===============+=============================+
+  | cstring_view  | basic_cstring_view<char>    |
+  +---------------+-----------------------------+
+  | wcstring_view | basic_cstring_view<wchar_t> |
+  +---------------+-----------------------------+
+
+  This class is most useful as a parameter type to allow passing
+  different types of strings to a function, for example::
+
+    template <typename... Args>
+    std::string format(cstring_view format_str, const Args & ... args);
+
+    format("{}", 42);
+    format(std::string("{}"), 42);
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename Char>
+class basic_cstring_view
+{
+private:
+    const Char *data_;
+
+public:
+    /** Constructs a string reference object from a C string. */
+    basic_cstring_view(const Char *s)
+        : data_(s)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Constructs a string reference from an ``std::string`` object.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    basic_cstring_view(const std::basic_string<Char> &s)
+        : data_(s.c_str())
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the pointer to a C string. */
+    const Char *c_str() const
+    {
+        return data_;
+    }
+};
+
+typedef basic_cstring_view<char> cstring_view;
+typedef basic_cstring_view<wchar_t> wcstring_view;
+
+// An error code.
+class error_code
+{
+private:
+    int value_;
+
+public:
+    explicit error_code(int value = 0) FMT_NOEXCEPT : value_(value) {}
+
+    int get() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return value_;
+    }
+};
+
+// A buffered file.
+class buffered_file
+{
+private:
+    FILE *file_;
+
+    friend class file;
+
+    explicit buffered_file(FILE *f)
+        : file_(f)
+    {
+    }
+
+public:
+    // Constructs a buffered_file object which doesn't represent any file.
+    buffered_file() FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(FMT_NULL) {}
+
+    // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
+    FMT_API ~buffered_file() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT;
+
+#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+    // Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
+    // references are not supported.
+
+private:
+    // A proxy object to emulate a move constructor.
+    // It is private to make it impossible call operator Proxy directly.
+    struct Proxy
+    {
+        FILE *file;
+    };
+
+public:
+    // A "move constructor" for moving from a temporary.
+    buffered_file(Proxy p) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(p.file) {}
+
+    // A "move constructor" for moving from an lvalue.
+    buffered_file(buffered_file &f) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(f.file_)
+    {
+        f.file_ = FMT_NULL;
+    }
+
+    // A "move assignment operator" for moving from a temporary.
+    buffered_file &operator=(Proxy p)
+    {
+        close();
+        file_ = p.file;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // A "move assignment operator" for moving from an lvalue.
+    buffered_file &operator=(buffered_file &other)
+    {
+        close();
+        file_ = other.file_;
+        other.file_ = FMT_NULL;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // Returns a proxy object for moving from a temporary:
+    //   buffered_file file = buffered_file(...);
+    operator Proxy() FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        Proxy p = {file_};
+        file_ = FMT_NULL;
+        return p;
+    }
+
+#else
+private:
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(buffered_file);
+
+public:
+    buffered_file(buffered_file &&other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(other.file_)
+    {
+        other.file_ = FMT_NULL;
+    }
+
+    buffered_file &operator=(buffered_file &&other)
+    {
+        close();
+        file_ = other.file_;
+        other.file_ = FMT_NULL;
+        return *this;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Opens a file.
+    FMT_API buffered_file(cstring_view filename, cstring_view mode);
+
+    // Closes the file.
+    FMT_API void close();
+
+    // Returns the pointer to a FILE object representing this file.
+    FILE *get() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return file_;
+    }
+
+    // We place parentheses around fileno to workaround a bug in some versions
+    // of MinGW that define fileno as a macro.
+    FMT_API int(fileno)() const;
+
+    void vprint(string_view format_str, format_args args)
+    {
+        fmt::vprint(file_, format_str, args);
+    }
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    inline void print(string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+    {
+        vprint(format_str, make_format_args(args...));
+    }
+};
+
+// A file. Closed file is represented by a file object with descriptor -1.
+// Methods that are not declared with FMT_NOEXCEPT may throw
+// fmt::system_error in case of failure. Note that some errors such as
+// closing the file multiple times will cause a crash on Windows rather
+// than an exception. You can get standard behavior by overriding the
+// invalid parameter handler with _set_invalid_parameter_handler.
+class file
+{
+private:
+    int fd_; // File descriptor.
+
+    // Constructs a file object with a given descriptor.
+    explicit file(int fd)
+        : fd_(fd)
+    {
+    }
+
+public:
+    // Possible values for the oflag argument to the constructor.
+    enum
+    {
+        RDONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_RDONLY), // Open for reading only.
+        WRONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_WRONLY), // Open for writing only.
+        RDWR = FMT_POSIX(O_RDWR)      // Open for reading and writing.
+    };
+
+    // Constructs a file object which doesn't represent any file.
+    file() FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(-1) {}
+
+    // Opens a file and constructs a file object representing this file.
+    FMT_API file(cstring_view path, int oflag);
+
+#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+    // Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
+    // references are not supported.
+
+private:
+    // A proxy object to emulate a move constructor.
+    // It is private to make it impossible call operator Proxy directly.
+    struct Proxy
+    {
+        int fd;
+    };
+
+public:
+    // A "move constructor" for moving from a temporary.
+    file(Proxy p) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(p.fd) {}
+
+    // A "move constructor" for moving from an lvalue.
+    file(file &other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(other.fd_)
+    {
+        other.fd_ = -1;
+    }
+
+    // A "move assignment operator" for moving from a temporary.
+    file &operator=(Proxy p)
+    {
+        close();
+        fd_ = p.fd;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // A "move assignment operator" for moving from an lvalue.
+    file &operator=(file &other)
+    {
+        close();
+        fd_ = other.fd_;
+        other.fd_ = -1;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // Returns a proxy object for moving from a temporary:
+    //   file f = file(...);
+    operator Proxy() FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        Proxy p = {fd_};
+        fd_ = -1;
+        return p;
+    }
+
+#else
+private:
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(file);
+
+public:
+    file(file &&other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(other.fd_)
+    {
+        other.fd_ = -1;
+    }
+
+    file &operator=(file &&other)
+    {
+        close();
+        fd_ = other.fd_;
+        other.fd_ = -1;
+        return *this;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
+    FMT_API ~file() FMT_DTOR_NOEXCEPT;
+
+    // Returns the file descriptor.
+    int descriptor() const FMT_NOEXCEPT
+    {
+        return fd_;
+    }
+
+    // Closes the file.
+    FMT_API void close();
+
+    // Returns the file size. The size has signed type for consistency with
+    // stat::st_size.
+    FMT_API long long size() const;
+
+    // Attempts to read count bytes from the file into the specified buffer.
+    FMT_API std::size_t read(void *buffer, std::size_t count);
+
+    // Attempts to write count bytes from the specified buffer to the file.
+    FMT_API std::size_t write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count);
+
+    // Duplicates a file descriptor with the dup function and returns
+    // the duplicate as a file object.
+    FMT_API static file dup(int fd);
+
+    // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
+    // necessary.
+    FMT_API void dup2(int fd);
+
+    // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
+    // necessary.
+    FMT_API void dup2(int fd, error_code &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
+
+    // Creates a pipe setting up read_end and write_end file objects for reading
+    // and writing respectively.
+    FMT_API static void pipe(file &read_end, file &write_end);
+
+    // Creates a buffered_file object associated with this file and detaches
+    // this file object from the file.
+    FMT_API buffered_file fdopen(const char *mode);
+};
+
+// Returns the memory page size.
+long getpagesize();
+
+#if (defined(LC_NUMERIC_MASK) || defined(_MSC_VER)) && !defined(__ANDROID__) && !defined(__CYGWIN__) && !defined(__OpenBSD__)
+#define FMT_LOCALE
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_LOCALE
+// A "C" numeric locale.
+class Locale
+{
+private:
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    typedef _locale_t locale_t;
+
+    enum
+    {
+        LC_NUMERIC_MASK = LC_NUMERIC
+    };
+
+    static locale_t newlocale(int category_mask, const char *locale, locale_t)
+    {
+        return _create_locale(category_mask, locale);
+    }
+
+    static void freelocale(locale_t locale)
+    {
+        _free_locale(locale);
+    }
+
+    static double strtod_l(const char *nptr, char **endptr, _locale_t locale)
+    {
+        return _strtod_l(nptr, endptr, locale);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    locale_t locale_;
+
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Locale);
+
+public:
+    typedef locale_t Type;
+
+    Locale()
+        : locale_(newlocale(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C", FMT_NULL))
+    {
+        if (!locale_)
+            FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, "cannot create locale"));
+    }
+    ~Locale()
+    {
+        freelocale(locale_);
+    }
+
+    Type get() const
+    {
+        return locale_;
+    }
+
+    // Converts string to floating-point number and advances str past the end
+    // of the parsed input.
+    double strtod(const char *&str) const
+    {
+        char *end = FMT_NULL;
+        double result = strtod_l(str, &end, locale_);
+        str = end;
+        return result;
+    }
+};
+#endif // FMT_LOCALE
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+namespace std {
+// For compatibility with C++98.
+inline fmt::buffered_file &move(fmt::buffered_file &f)
+{
+    return f;
+}
+inline fmt::file &move(fmt::file &f)
+{
+    return f;
+}
+} // namespace std
+#endif
+
+#endif // FMT_POSIX_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/printf.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/printf.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1782c2eaad8f9f03f46cc2bebbb34e731a8d2b8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/printf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,807 @@
+// Formatting library for C++
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_PRINTF_H_
+#define FMT_PRINTF_H_
+
+#include <algorithm> // std::fill_n
+#include <limits>    // std::numeric_limits
+
+#include "ostream.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace internal {
+
+// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
+// signed and unsigned integers.
+template<bool IsSigned>
+struct int_checker
+{
+    template<typename T>
+    static bool fits_in_int(T value)
+    {
+        unsigned max = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+        return value <= max;
+    }
+    static bool fits_in_int(bool)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct int_checker<true>
+{
+    template<typename T>
+    static bool fits_in_int(T value)
+    {
+        return value >= std::numeric_limits<int>::min() && value <= std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+    }
+    static bool fits_in_int(int)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+};
+
+class printf_precision_handler : public function<int>
+{
+public:
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, int>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        if (!int_checker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
+            FMT_THROW(format_error("number is too big"));
+        return static_cast<int>(value);
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T>::value, int>::type operator()(T)
+    {
+        FMT_THROW(format_error("precision is not integer"));
+        return 0;
+    }
+};
+
+// An argument visitor that returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
+class is_zero_int : public function<bool>
+{
+public:
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, bool>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        return value == 0;
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T>::value, bool>::type operator()(T)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct make_unsigned_or_bool : std::make_unsigned<T>
+{
+};
+
+template<>
+struct make_unsigned_or_bool<bool>
+{
+    typedef bool type;
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename Context>
+class arg_converter : public function<void>
+{
+private:
+    typedef typename Context::char_type Char;
+
+    basic_format_arg<Context> &arg_;
+    typename Context::char_type type_;
+
+public:
+    arg_converter(basic_format_arg<Context> &arg, Char type)
+        : arg_(arg)
+        , type_(type)
+    {
+    }
+
+    void operator()(bool value)
+    {
+        if (type_ != 's')
+            operator()<bool>(value);
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<U>::value>::type operator()(U value)
+    {
+        bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
+        typedef typename std::conditional<std::is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>::type TargetType;
+        if (const_check(sizeof(TargetType) <= sizeof(int)))
+        {
+            // Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
+            if (is_signed)
+            {
+                arg_ = internal::make_arg<Context>(static_cast<int>(static_cast<TargetType>(value)));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                typedef typename make_unsigned_or_bool<TargetType>::type Unsigned;
+                arg_ = internal::make_arg<Context>(static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<Unsigned>(value)));
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (is_signed)
+            {
+                // glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
+                //   std::printf("%lld", -42);  // prints "4294967254"
+                // but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
+                arg_ = internal::make_arg<Context>(static_cast<long long>(value));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                arg_ = internal::make_arg<Context>(static_cast<typename make_unsigned_or_bool<U>::type>(value));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<U>::value>::type operator()(U)
+    {
+        // No coversion needed for non-integral types.
+    }
+};
+
+// Converts an integer argument to T for printf, if T is an integral type.
+// If T is void, the argument is converted to corresponding signed or unsigned
+// type depending on the type specifier: 'd' and 'i' - signed, other -
+// unsigned).
+template<typename T, typename Context, typename Char>
+void convert_arg(basic_format_arg<Context> &arg, Char type)
+{
+    visit(arg_converter<T, Context>(arg, type), arg);
+}
+
+// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
+template<typename Context>
+class char_converter : public function<void>
+{
+private:
+    basic_format_arg<Context> &arg_;
+
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(char_converter);
+
+public:
+    explicit char_converter(basic_format_arg<Context> &arg)
+        : arg_(arg)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        typedef typename Context::char_type Char;
+        arg_ = internal::make_arg<Context>(static_cast<Char>(value));
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T>::value>::type operator()(T)
+    {
+        // No coversion needed for non-integral types.
+    }
+};
+
+// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
+// left alignment if it is negative.
+template<typename Char>
+class printf_width_handler : public function<unsigned>
+{
+private:
+    typedef basic_format_specs<Char> format_specs;
+
+    format_specs &spec_;
+
+    FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(printf_width_handler);
+
+public:
+    explicit printf_width_handler(format_specs &spec)
+        : spec_(spec)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, unsigned>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        typedef typename internal::int_traits<T>::main_type UnsignedType;
+        UnsignedType width = static_cast<UnsignedType>(value);
+        if (internal::is_negative(value))
+        {
+            spec_.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
+            width = 0 - width;
+        }
+        unsigned int_max = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+        if (width > int_max)
+            FMT_THROW(format_error("number is too big"));
+        return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T>::value, unsigned>::type operator()(T)
+    {
+        FMT_THROW(format_error("width is not integer"));
+        return 0;
+    }
+};
+} // namespace internal
+
+template<typename Range>
+class printf_arg_formatter;
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename ArgFormatter = printf_arg_formatter<back_insert_range<internal::basic_buffer<Char>>>>
+class basic_printf_context;
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  The ``printf`` argument formatter.
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename Range>
+class printf_arg_formatter : public internal::function<typename internal::arg_formatter_base<Range>::iterator>,
+                             public internal::arg_formatter_base<Range>
+{
+private:
+    typedef typename Range::value_type char_type;
+    typedef decltype(internal::declval<Range>().begin()) iterator;
+    typedef internal::arg_formatter_base<Range> base;
+    typedef basic_printf_context<iterator, char_type> context_type;
+
+    context_type &context_;
+
+    void write_null_pointer(char)
+    {
+        this->spec().type_ = 0;
+        this->write("(nil)");
+    }
+
+    void write_null_pointer(wchar_t)
+    {
+        this->spec().type_ = 0;
+        this->write(L"(nil)");
+    }
+
+public:
+    typedef typename base::format_specs format_specs;
+
+    /**
+      \rst
+      Constructs an argument formatter object.
+      *buffer* is a reference to the output buffer and *spec* contains format
+      specifier information for standard argument types.
+      \endrst
+     */
+    printf_arg_formatter(internal::basic_buffer<char_type> &buffer, format_specs &spec, context_type &ctx)
+        : base(back_insert_range<internal::basic_buffer<char_type>>(buffer), spec)
+        , context_(ctx)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, iterator>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        // MSVC2013 fails to compile separate overloads for bool and char_type so
+        // use std::is_same instead.
+        if (std::is_same<T, bool>::value)
+        {
+            format_specs &fmt_spec = this->spec();
+            if (fmt_spec.type_ != 's')
+                return base::operator()(value ? 1 : 0);
+            fmt_spec.type_ = 0;
+            this->write(value != 0);
+        }
+        else if (std::is_same<T, char_type>::value)
+        {
+            format_specs &fmt_spec = this->spec();
+            if (fmt_spec.type_ && fmt_spec.type_ != 'c')
+                return (*this)(static_cast<int>(value));
+            fmt_spec.flags_ = 0;
+            fmt_spec.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+            return base::operator()(value);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return base::operator()(value);
+        }
+        return this->out();
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<T>::value, iterator>::type operator()(T value)
+    {
+        return base::operator()(value);
+    }
+
+    /** Formats a null-terminated C string. */
+    iterator operator()(const char *value)
+    {
+        if (value)
+            base::operator()(value);
+        else if (this->spec().type_ == 'p')
+            write_null_pointer(char_type());
+        else
+            this->write("(null)");
+        return this->out();
+    }
+
+    /** Formats a null-terminated wide C string. */
+    iterator operator()(const wchar_t *value)
+    {
+        if (value)
+            base::operator()(value);
+        else if (this->spec().type_ == 'p')
+            write_null_pointer(char_type());
+        else
+            this->write(L"(null)");
+        return this->out();
+    }
+
+    iterator operator()(basic_string_view<char_type> value)
+    {
+        return base::operator()(value);
+    }
+
+    iterator operator()(monostate value)
+    {
+        return base::operator()(value);
+    }
+
+    /** Formats a pointer. */
+    iterator operator()(const void *value)
+    {
+        if (value)
+            return base::operator()(value);
+        this->spec().type_ = 0;
+        write_null_pointer(char_type());
+        return this->out();
+    }
+
+    /** Formats an argument of a custom (user-defined) type. */
+    iterator operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context_type>::handle handle)
+    {
+        handle.format(context_);
+        return this->out();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct printf_formatter
+{
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    auto parse(ParseContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin())
+    {
+        return ctx.begin();
+    }
+
+    template<typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(const T &value, FormatContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out())
+    {
+        internal::format_value(internal::get_container(ctx.out()), value);
+        return ctx.out();
+    }
+};
+
+/** This template formats data and writes the output to a writer. */
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename ArgFormatter>
+class basic_printf_context : private internal::context_base<OutputIt, basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char, ArgFormatter>, Char>
+{
+public:
+    /** The character type for the output. */
+    typedef Char char_type;
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct formatter_type
+    {
+        typedef printf_formatter<T> type;
+    };
+
+private:
+    typedef internal::context_base<OutputIt, basic_printf_context, Char> base;
+    typedef typename base::format_arg format_arg;
+    typedef basic_format_specs<char_type> format_specs;
+    typedef internal::null_terminating_iterator<char_type> iterator;
+
+    void parse_flags(format_specs &spec, iterator &it);
+
+    // Returns the argument with specified index or, if arg_index is equal
+    // to the maximum unsigned value, the next argument.
+    format_arg get_arg(iterator it, unsigned arg_index = (std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max)());
+
+    // Parses argument index, flags and width and returns the argument index.
+    unsigned parse_header(iterator &it, format_specs &spec);
+
+public:
+    /**
+     \rst
+     Constructs a ``printf_context`` object. References to the arguments and
+     the writer are stored in the context object so make sure they have
+     appropriate lifetimes.
+     \endrst
+     */
+    basic_printf_context(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<char_type> format_str, basic_format_args<basic_printf_context> args)
+        : base(out, format_str, args)
+    {
+    }
+
+    using base::advance_to;
+    using base::out;
+    using base::parse_context;
+
+    /** Formats stored arguments and writes the output to the range. */
+    void format();
+};
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename AF>
+void basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char, AF>::parse_flags(format_specs &spec, iterator &it)
+{
+    for (;;)
+    {
+        switch (*it++)
+        {
+        case '-':
+            spec.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
+            break;
+        case '+':
+            spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG | PLUS_FLAG;
+            break;
+        case '0':
+            spec.fill_ = '0';
+            break;
+        case ' ':
+            spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG;
+            break;
+        case '#':
+            spec.flags_ |= HASH_FLAG;
+            break;
+        default:
+            --it;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename AF>
+typename basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char, AF>::format_arg basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char, AF>::get_arg(
+    iterator it, unsigned arg_index)
+{
+    (void)it;
+    if (arg_index == std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max())
+        return this->do_get_arg(this->parse_context().next_arg_id());
+    return base::get_arg(arg_index - 1);
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename AF>
+unsigned basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char, AF>::parse_header(iterator &it, format_specs &spec)
+{
+    unsigned arg_index = std::numeric_limits<unsigned>::max();
+    char_type c = *it;
+    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+    {
+        // Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
+        // preceded with '0' flag(s).
+        internal::error_handler eh;
+        unsigned value = parse_nonnegative_int(it, eh);
+        if (*it == '$')
+        { // value is an argument index
+            ++it;
+            arg_index = value;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (c == '0')
+                spec.fill_ = '0';
+            if (value != 0)
+            {
+                // Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
+                // parse it or flags again, so return now.
+                spec.width_ = value;
+                return arg_index;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    parse_flags(spec, it);
+    // Parse width.
+    if (*it >= '0' && *it <= '9')
+    {
+        internal::error_handler eh;
+        spec.width_ = parse_nonnegative_int(it, eh);
+    }
+    else if (*it == '*')
+    {
+        ++it;
+        spec.width_ = visit(internal::printf_width_handler<char_type>(spec), get_arg(it));
+    }
+    return arg_index;
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename AF>
+void basic_printf_context<OutputIt, Char, AF>::format()
+{
+    auto &buffer = internal::get_container(this->out());
+    auto start = iterator(this->parse_context());
+    auto it = start;
+    using internal::pointer_from;
+    while (*it)
+    {
+        char_type c = *it++;
+        if (c != '%')
+            continue;
+        if (*it == c)
+        {
+            buffer.append(pointer_from(start), pointer_from(it));
+            start = ++it;
+            continue;
+        }
+        buffer.append(pointer_from(start), pointer_from(it) - 1);
+
+        format_specs spec;
+        spec.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+
+        // Parse argument index, flags and width.
+        unsigned arg_index = parse_header(it, spec);
+
+        // Parse precision.
+        if (*it == '.')
+        {
+            ++it;
+            if ('0' <= *it && *it <= '9')
+            {
+                internal::error_handler eh;
+                spec.precision_ = static_cast<int>(parse_nonnegative_int(it, eh));
+            }
+            else if (*it == '*')
+            {
+                ++it;
+                spec.precision_ = visit(internal::printf_precision_handler(), get_arg(it));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                spec.precision_ = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        format_arg arg = get_arg(it, arg_index);
+        if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG) && visit(internal::is_zero_int(), arg))
+            spec.flags_ &= ~internal::to_unsigned<int>(HASH_FLAG);
+        if (spec.fill_ == '0')
+        {
+            if (arg.is_arithmetic())
+                spec.align_ = ALIGN_NUMERIC;
+            else
+                spec.fill_ = ' '; // Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types.
+        }
+
+        // Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
+        using internal::convert_arg;
+        switch (*it++)
+        {
+        case 'h':
+            if (*it == 'h')
+                convert_arg<signed char>(arg, *++it);
+            else
+                convert_arg<short>(arg, *it);
+            break;
+        case 'l':
+            if (*it == 'l')
+                convert_arg<long long>(arg, *++it);
+            else
+                convert_arg<long>(arg, *it);
+            break;
+        case 'j':
+            convert_arg<intmax_t>(arg, *it);
+            break;
+        case 'z':
+            convert_arg<std::size_t>(arg, *it);
+            break;
+        case 't':
+            convert_arg<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, *it);
+            break;
+        case 'L':
+            // printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
+            // need to do the same.
+            break;
+        default:
+            --it;
+            convert_arg<void>(arg, *it);
+        }
+
+        // Parse type.
+        if (!*it)
+            FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format string"));
+        spec.type_ = static_cast<char>(*it++);
+        if (arg.is_integral())
+        {
+            // Normalize type.
+            switch (spec.type_)
+            {
+            case 'i':
+            case 'u':
+                spec.type_ = 'd';
+                break;
+            case 'c':
+                // TODO: handle wchar_t better?
+                visit(internal::char_converter<basic_printf_context>(arg), arg);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        start = it;
+
+        // Format argument.
+        visit(AF(buffer, spec, *this), arg);
+    }
+    buffer.append(pointer_from(start), pointer_from(it));
+}
+
+template<typename Char, typename Context>
+void printf(internal::basic_buffer<Char> &buf, basic_string_view<Char> format, basic_format_args<Context> args)
+{
+    Context(std::back_inserter(buf), format, args).format();
+}
+
+template<typename Buffer>
+struct printf_context
+{
+    typedef basic_printf_context<std::back_insert_iterator<Buffer>, typename Buffer::value_type> type;
+};
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline format_arg_store<printf_context<internal::buffer>::type, Args...> make_printf_args(const Args &... args)
+{
+    return format_arg_store<printf_context<internal::buffer>::type, Args...>(args...);
+}
+typedef basic_format_args<printf_context<internal::buffer>::type> printf_args;
+typedef basic_format_args<printf_context<internal::wbuffer>::type> wprintf_args;
+
+inline std::string vsprintf(string_view format, printf_args args)
+{
+    memory_buffer buffer;
+    printf(buffer, format, args);
+    return to_string(buffer);
+}
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Formats arguments and returns the result as a string.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    std::string message = fmt::sprintf("The answer is %d", 42);
+  \endrst
+*/
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::string sprintf(string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vsprintf(format_str, make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::buffer>::type>(args...));
+}
+
+inline std::wstring vsprintf(wstring_view format, wprintf_args args)
+{
+    wmemory_buffer buffer;
+    printf(buffer, format, args);
+    return to_string(buffer);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline std::wstring sprintf(wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vsprintf(format_str, make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::wbuffer>::type>(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename Char>
+inline int vfprintf(
+    std::FILE *f, basic_string_view<Char> format, basic_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::basic_buffer<Char>>::type> args)
+{
+    basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
+    printf(buffer, format, args);
+    std::size_t size = buffer.size();
+    return std::fwrite(buffer.data(), sizeof(Char), size, f) < size ? -1 : static_cast<int>(size);
+}
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to the file *f*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::fprintf(stderr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline int fprintf(std::FILE *f, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    auto vargs = make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::buffer>::type>(args...);
+    return vfprintf<char>(f, format_str, vargs);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline int fprintf(std::FILE *f, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vfprintf(f, format_str, make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::wbuffer>::type>(args...));
+}
+
+inline int vprintf(string_view format, printf_args args)
+{
+    return vfprintf(stdout, format, args);
+}
+
+inline int vprintf(wstring_view format, wprintf_args args)
+{
+    return vfprintf(stdout, format, args);
+}
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to ``stdout``.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline int printf(string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vprintf(format_str, make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::buffer>::type>(args...));
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline int printf(wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    return vprintf(format_str, make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::wbuffer>::type>(args...));
+}
+
+inline int vfprintf(std::ostream &os, string_view format_str, printf_args args)
+{
+    memory_buffer buffer;
+    printf(buffer, format_str, args);
+    internal::write(os, buffer);
+    return static_cast<int>(buffer.size());
+}
+
+inline int vfprintf(std::wostream &os, wstring_view format_str, wprintf_args args)
+{
+    wmemory_buffer buffer;
+    printf(buffer, format_str, args);
+    internal::write(os, buffer);
+    return static_cast<int>(buffer.size());
+}
+
+/**
+  \rst
+  Prints formatted data to the stream *os*.
+
+  **Example**::
+
+    fmt::fprintf(cerr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
+  \endrst
+ */
+template<typename... Args>
+inline int fprintf(std::ostream &os, string_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    auto vargs = make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::buffer>::type>(args...);
+    return vfprintf(os, format_str, vargs);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+inline int fprintf(std::wostream &os, wstring_view format_str, const Args &... args)
+{
+    auto vargs = make_format_args<typename printf_context<internal::buffer>::type>(args...);
+    return vfprintf(os, format_str, vargs);
+}
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // FMT_PRINTF_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ranges.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ranges.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ba2a979cc5854a0caddb92ea97728b89607b6e85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/ranges.h
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - the core API
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2018 - present, Remotion (Igor Schulz)
+// All Rights Reserved
+// {fmt} support for ranges, containers and types tuple interface.
+
+#ifndef FMT_RANGES_H_
+#define FMT_RANGES_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+#include <type_traits>
+
+// output only up to N items from the range.
+#ifndef FMT_RANGE_OUTPUT_LENGTH_LIMIT
+#define FMT_RANGE_OUTPUT_LENGTH_LIMIT 256
+#endif
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct formatting_base
+{
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin())
+    {
+        return ctx.begin();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Char, typename Enable = void>
+struct formatting_range : formatting_base<Char>
+{
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const std::size_t range_length_limit = FMT_RANGE_OUTPUT_LENGTH_LIMIT; // output only up to N items from the
+                                                                                                    // range.
+    Char prefix;
+    Char delimiter;
+    Char postfix;
+    formatting_range()
+        : prefix('{')
+        , delimiter(',')
+        , postfix('}')
+    {
+    }
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool add_delimiter_spaces = true;
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool add_prepostfix_space = false;
+};
+
+template<typename Char, typename Enable = void>
+struct formatting_tuple : formatting_base<Char>
+{
+    Char prefix;
+    Char delimiter;
+    Char postfix;
+    formatting_tuple()
+        : prefix('(')
+        , delimiter(',')
+        , postfix(')')
+    {
+    }
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool add_delimiter_spaces = true;
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool add_prepostfix_space = false;
+};
+
+namespace internal {
+
+template<typename RangeT, typename OutputIterator>
+void copy(const RangeT &range, OutputIterator out)
+{
+    for (auto it = range.begin(), end = range.end(); it != end; ++it)
+        *out++ = *it;
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIterator>
+void copy(const char *str, OutputIterator out)
+{
+    const char *p_curr = str;
+    while (*p_curr)
+    {
+        *out++ = *p_curr++;
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename OutputIterator>
+void copy(char ch, OutputIterator out)
+{
+    *out++ = ch;
+}
+
+/// Return true value if T has std::string interface, like std::string_view.
+template<typename T>
+class is_like_std_string
+{
+    template<typename U>
+    static auto check(U *p) -> decltype(p->find('a'), p->length(), p->data(), int());
+    template<typename>
+    static void check(...);
+
+public:
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool value = !std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(FMT_NULL))>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename... Ts>
+struct conditional_helper
+{
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename _ = void>
+struct is_range_ : std::false_type
+{
+};
+
+#if !FMT_MSC_VER || FMT_MSC_VER > 1800
+template<typename T>
+struct is_range_<T, typename std::conditional<false,
+                        conditional_helper<decltype(internal::declval<T>().begin()), decltype(internal::declval<T>().end())>, void>::type>
+    : std::true_type
+{
+};
+#endif
+
+/// tuple_size and tuple_element check.
+template<typename T>
+class is_tuple_like_
+{
+    template<typename U>
+    static auto check(U *p) -> decltype(std::tuple_size<U>::value, internal::declval<typename std::tuple_element<0, U>::type>(), int());
+    template<typename>
+    static void check(...);
+
+public:
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool value = !std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(FMT_NULL))>::value;
+};
+
+// Check for integer_sequence
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_integer_sequence) || FMT_MSC_VER >= 1900
+template<typename T, T... N>
+using integer_sequence = std::integer_sequence<T, N...>;
+template<std::size_t... N>
+using index_sequence = std::index_sequence<N...>;
+template<std::size_t N>
+using make_index_sequence = std::make_index_sequence<N>;
+#else
+template<typename T, T... N>
+struct integer_sequence
+{
+    typedef T value_type;
+
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR std::size_t size()
+    {
+        return sizeof...(N);
+    }
+};
+
+template<std::size_t... N>
+using index_sequence = integer_sequence<std::size_t, N...>;
+
+template<typename T, std::size_t N, T... Ns>
+struct make_integer_sequence : make_integer_sequence<T, N - 1, N - 1, Ns...>
+{
+};
+template<typename T, T... Ns>
+struct make_integer_sequence<T, 0, Ns...> : integer_sequence<T, Ns...>
+{
+};
+
+template<std::size_t N>
+using make_index_sequence = make_integer_sequence<std::size_t, N>;
+#endif
+
+template<class Tuple, class F, size_t... Is>
+void for_each(index_sequence<Is...>, Tuple &&tup, F &&f) FMT_NOEXCEPT
+{
+    using std::get;
+    // using free function get<I>(T) now.
+    const int _[] = {0, ((void)f(get<Is>(tup)), 0)...};
+    (void)_; // blocks warnings
+}
+
+template<class T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR make_index_sequence<std::tuple_size<T>::value> get_indexes(T const &)
+{
+    return {};
+}
+
+template<class Tuple, class F>
+void for_each(Tuple &&tup, F &&f)
+{
+    const auto indexes = get_indexes(tup);
+    for_each(indexes, std::forward<Tuple>(tup), std::forward<F>(f));
+}
+
+template<typename Arg>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const char *format_str_quoted(
+    bool add_space, const Arg &, typename std::enable_if<!is_like_std_string<typename std::decay<Arg>::type>::value>::type * = nullptr)
+{
+    return add_space ? " {}" : "{}";
+}
+
+template<typename Arg>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const char *format_str_quoted(
+    bool add_space, const Arg &, typename std::enable_if<is_like_std_string<typename std::decay<Arg>::type>::value>::type * = nullptr)
+{
+    return add_space ? " \"{}\"" : "\"{}\"";
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const char *format_str_quoted(bool add_space, const char *)
+{
+    return add_space ? " \"{}\"" : "\"{}\"";
+}
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const wchar_t *format_str_quoted(bool add_space, const wchar_t *)
+{
+    return add_space ? L" \"{}\"" : L"\"{}\"";
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const char *format_str_quoted(bool add_space, const char)
+{
+    return add_space ? " '{}'" : "'{}'";
+}
+FMT_CONSTEXPR const wchar_t *format_str_quoted(bool add_space, const wchar_t)
+{
+    return add_space ? L" '{}'" : L"'{}'";
+}
+
+} // namespace internal
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_tuple_like
+{
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool value = internal::is_tuple_like_<T>::value && !internal::is_range_<T>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename TupleT, typename Char>
+struct formatter<TupleT, Char, typename std::enable_if<fmt::is_tuple_like<TupleT>::value>::type>
+{
+private:
+    // C++11 generic lambda for format()
+    template<typename FormatContext>
+    struct format_each
+    {
+        template<typename T>
+        void operator()(const T &v)
+        {
+            if (i > 0)
+            {
+                if (formatting.add_prepostfix_space)
+                {
+                    *out++ = ' ';
+                }
+                internal::copy(formatting.delimiter, out);
+            }
+            format_to(out, internal::format_str_quoted((formatting.add_delimiter_spaces && i > 0), v), v);
+            ++i;
+        }
+
+        formatting_tuple<Char> &formatting;
+        std::size_t &i;
+        typename std::add_lvalue_reference<decltype(std::declval<FormatContext>().out())>::type out;
+    };
+
+public:
+    formatting_tuple<Char> formatting;
+
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin())
+    {
+        return formatting.parse(ctx);
+    }
+
+    template<typename FormatContext = format_context>
+    auto format(const TupleT &values, FormatContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out())
+    {
+        auto out = ctx.out();
+        std::size_t i = 0;
+        internal::copy(formatting.prefix, out);
+
+        internal::for_each(values, format_each<FormatContext>{formatting, i, out});
+        if (formatting.add_prepostfix_space)
+        {
+            *out++ = ' ';
+        }
+        internal::copy(formatting.postfix, out);
+
+        return ctx.out();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_range
+{
+    static FMT_CONSTEXPR_DECL const bool value = internal::is_range_<T>::value && !internal::is_like_std_string<T>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename RangeT, typename Char>
+struct formatter<RangeT, Char, typename std::enable_if<fmt::is_range<RangeT>::value>::type>
+{
+
+    formatting_range<Char> formatting;
+
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin())
+    {
+        return formatting.parse(ctx);
+    }
+
+    template<typename FormatContext>
+    typename FormatContext::iterator format(const RangeT &values, FormatContext &ctx)
+    {
+        auto out = ctx.out();
+        internal::copy(formatting.prefix, out);
+        std::size_t i = 0;
+        for (auto it = values.begin(), end = values.end(); it != end; ++it)
+        {
+            if (i > 0)
+            {
+                if (formatting.add_prepostfix_space)
+                {
+                    *out++ = ' ';
+                }
+                internal::copy(formatting.delimiter, out);
+            }
+            format_to(out, internal::format_str_quoted((formatting.add_delimiter_spaces && i > 0), *it), *it);
+            if (++i > formatting.range_length_limit)
+            {
+                format_to(out, " ... <other elements>");
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (formatting.add_prepostfix_space)
+        {
+            *out++ = ' ';
+        }
+        internal::copy(formatting.postfix, out);
+        return ctx.out();
+    }
+};
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // FMT_RANGES_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/time.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/time.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3e1443b81965fe060f487ca9d5e8671939523d99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/bundled/time.h
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - time formatting
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_TIME_H_
+#define FMT_TIME_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+#include <ctime>
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace internal {
+inline null<> localtime_r(...)
+{
+    return null<>();
+}
+inline null<> localtime_s(...)
+{
+    return null<>();
+}
+inline null<> gmtime_r(...)
+{
+    return null<>();
+}
+inline null<> gmtime_s(...)
+{
+    return null<>();
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+// Thread-safe replacement for std::localtime
+inline std::tm localtime(std::time_t time)
+{
+    struct dispatcher
+    {
+        std::time_t time_;
+        std::tm tm_;
+
+        dispatcher(std::time_t t)
+            : time_(t)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bool run()
+        {
+            using namespace fmt::internal;
+            return handle(localtime_r(&time_, &tm_));
+        }
+
+        bool handle(std::tm *tm)
+        {
+            return tm != FMT_NULL;
+        }
+
+        bool handle(internal::null<>)
+        {
+            using namespace fmt::internal;
+            return fallback(localtime_s(&tm_, &time_));
+        }
+
+        bool fallback(int res)
+        {
+            return res == 0;
+        }
+
+        bool fallback(internal::null<>)
+        {
+            using namespace fmt::internal;
+            std::tm *tm = std::localtime(&time_);
+            if (tm)
+                tm_ = *tm;
+            return tm != FMT_NULL;
+        }
+    };
+    dispatcher lt(time);
+    if (lt.run())
+        return lt.tm_;
+    // Too big time values may be unsupported.
+    FMT_THROW(format_error("time_t value out of range"));
+}
+
+// Thread-safe replacement for std::gmtime
+inline std::tm gmtime(std::time_t time)
+{
+    struct dispatcher
+    {
+        std::time_t time_;
+        std::tm tm_;
+
+        dispatcher(std::time_t t)
+            : time_(t)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bool run()
+        {
+            using namespace fmt::internal;
+            return handle(gmtime_r(&time_, &tm_));
+        }
+
+        bool handle(std::tm *tm)
+        {
+            return tm != FMT_NULL;
+        }
+
+        bool handle(internal::null<>)
+        {
+            using namespace fmt::internal;
+            return fallback(gmtime_s(&tm_, &time_));
+        }
+
+        bool fallback(int res)
+        {
+            return res == 0;
+        }
+
+        bool fallback(internal::null<>)
+        {
+            std::tm *tm = std::gmtime(&time_);
+            if (tm)
+                tm_ = *tm;
+            return tm != FMT_NULL;
+        }
+    };
+    dispatcher gt(time);
+    if (gt.run())
+        return gt.tm_;
+    // Too big time values may be unsupported.
+    FMT_THROW(format_error("time_t value out of range"));
+}
+
+namespace internal {
+inline std::size_t strftime(char *str, std::size_t count, const char *format, const std::tm *time)
+{
+    return std::strftime(str, count, format, time);
+}
+
+inline std::size_t strftime(wchar_t *str, std::size_t count, const wchar_t *format, const std::tm *time)
+{
+    return std::wcsftime(str, count, format, time);
+}
+} // namespace internal
+
+template<typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::tm, Char>
+{
+    template<typename ParseContext>
+    auto parse(ParseContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin())
+    {
+        auto it = internal::null_terminating_iterator<Char>(ctx);
+        if (*it == ':')
+            ++it;
+        auto end = it;
+        while (*end && *end != '}')
+            ++end;
+        tm_format.reserve(end - it + 1);
+        using internal::pointer_from;
+        tm_format.append(pointer_from(it), pointer_from(end));
+        tm_format.push_back('\0');
+        return pointer_from(end);
+    }
+
+    template<typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(const std::tm &tm, FormatContext &ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out())
+    {
+        internal::basic_buffer<Char> &buf = internal::get_container(ctx.out());
+        std::size_t start = buf.size();
+        for (;;)
+        {
+            std::size_t size = buf.capacity() - start;
+            std::size_t count = internal::strftime(&buf[start], size, &tm_format[0], &tm);
+            if (count != 0)
+            {
+                buf.resize(start + count);
+                break;
+            }
+            if (size >= tm_format.size() * 256)
+            {
+                // If the buffer is 256 times larger than the format string, assume
+                // that `strftime` gives an empty result. There doesn't seem to be a
+                // better way to distinguish the two cases:
+                // https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/367
+                break;
+            }
+            const std::size_t MIN_GROWTH = 10;
+            buf.reserve(buf.capacity() + (size > MIN_GROWTH ? size : MIN_GROWTH));
+        }
+        return ctx.out();
+    }
+
+    basic_memory_buffer<Char> tm_format;
+};
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif // FMT_TIME_H_
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/fmt.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/fmt.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..616af0cc7812b0554311aec98a79dbd7b3820fdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/fmt.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2016-2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+//
+// Include a bundled header-only copy of fmtlib or an external one.
+// By default spdlog include its own copy.
+//
+
+#if !defined(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL)
+#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#endif
+#ifndef FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
+#define FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H 0
+#endif
+#include "bundled/core.h"
+#include "bundled/format.h"
+#else // external fmtlib
+#include <fmt/core.h>
+#include <fmt/format.h>
+#endif
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/fmt/ostr.h b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/ostr.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9902898f84a80a55739c41edc2dc1602e0d6f573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/fmt/ostr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2016 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+//
+// include bundled or external copy of fmtlib's ostream support
+//
+#if !defined(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL)
+#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#endif
+#include "bundled/ostream.h"
+#include "fmt.h"
+#else
+#include <fmt/ostream.h>
+#endif
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/formatter.h b/src/include/spdlog/formatter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7ef6b8b5ae6f0dd6097875ef0c1cab5d8c648d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/formatter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/log_msg.h"
+
+namespace spdlog {
+
+class formatter
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~formatter() = default;
+    virtual void format(const details::log_msg &msg, fmt::memory_buffer &dest) = 0;
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<formatter> clone() const = 0;
+};
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/logger.h b/src/include/spdlog/logger.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..91eec4bc3866e216dd7b0ae9ea09fcee5d60e3e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/logger.h
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015-2108 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+// Thread safe logger (except for set_pattern(..), set_formatter(..) and
+// set_error_handler())
+// Has name, log level, vector of std::shared sink pointers and formatter
+// Upon each log write the logger:
+// 1. Checks if its log level is enough to log the message and if yes:
+// 2. Call the underlying sinks to do the job.
+// 3. Each sink use its own private copy of a formatter to format the message
+// and send to its destination.
+//
+// The use of private formatter per sink provides the opportunity to cache some
+// formatted data,
+// and support customize format per each sink.
+
+#include "spdlog/common.h"
+#include "spdlog/formatter.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/sink.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+
+class logger
+{
+public:
+    logger(std::string name, sink_ptr single_sink);
+    logger(std::string name, sinks_init_list sinks);
+
+    template<typename It>
+    logger(std::string name, const It &begin, const It &end);
+
+    virtual ~logger();
+
+    logger(const logger &) = delete;
+    logger &operator=(const logger &) = delete;
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void log(level::level_enum lvl, const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void log(level::level_enum lvl, const char *msg);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void trace(const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void debug(const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void info(const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void warn(const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void error(const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void critical(const char *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+#ifdef SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void log(level::level_enum lvl, const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void trace(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void debug(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void info(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void warn(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void error(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args);
+
+    template<typename... Args>
+    void critical(const wchar_t *fmt, const Args &... args);
+#endif // SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void log(level::level_enum lvl, const T &);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void trace(const T &msg);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void debug(const T &msg);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void info(const T &msg);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void warn(const T &msg);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void error(const T &msg);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void critical(const T &msg);
+
+    bool should_log(level::level_enum msg_level) const;
+    void set_level(level::level_enum log_level);
+    level::level_enum level() const;
+    const std::string &name() const;
+
+    // set formatting for the sinks in this logger.
+    // each sink will get a seperate instance of the formatter object.
+    void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<formatter> formatter);
+    void set_pattern(std::string pattern, pattern_time_type time_type = pattern_time_type::local);
+
+    void flush();
+    void flush_on(level::level_enum log_level);
+
+    const std::vector<sink_ptr> &sinks() const;
+
+    std::vector<sink_ptr> &sinks();
+
+    void set_error_handler(log_err_handler err_handler);
+    log_err_handler error_handler();
+
+protected:
+    virtual void sink_it_(details::log_msg &msg);
+    virtual void flush_();
+
+    bool should_flush_(const details::log_msg &msg);
+
+    // default error handler: print the error to stderr with the max rate of 1
+    // message/minute
+    void default_err_handler_(const std::string &msg);
+
+    // increment the message count (only if
+    // defined(SPDLOG_ENABLE_MESSAGE_COUNTER))
+    void incr_msg_counter_(details::log_msg &msg);
+
+    const std::string name_;
+    std::vector<sink_ptr> sinks_;
+    spdlog::level_t level_;
+    spdlog::level_t flush_level_;
+    log_err_handler err_handler_;
+    std::atomic<time_t> last_err_time_;
+    std::atomic<size_t> msg_counter_;
+
+#ifdef SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
+    std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>> wstring_converter_;
+    std::mutex wstring_converter_mutex_;
+#endif
+};
+} // namespace spdlog
+
+#include "details/logger_impl.h"
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/android_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/android_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..be70db001dca583a0c64c493eb58077abd75af93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/android_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/fmt_helper.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/os.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+
+#include <android/log.h>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+
+#if !defined(SPDLOG_ANDROID_RETRIES)
+#define SPDLOG_ANDROID_RETRIES 2
+#endif
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+
+/*
+ * Android sink (logging using __android_log_write)
+ */
+template<typename Mutex>
+class android_sink SPDLOG_FINAL : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    explicit android_sink(const std::string &tag = "spdlog", bool use_raw_msg = false)
+        : tag_(tag)
+        , use_raw_msg_(use_raw_msg)
+    {
+    }
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+        const android_LogPriority priority = convert_to_android_(msg.level);
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        if (use_raw_msg_)
+        {
+            fmt_helper::append_buf(msg.raw, formatted);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        }
+        formatted.push_back('\0');
+        const char *msg_output = formatted.data();
+
+        // See system/core/liblog/logger_write.c for explanation of return value
+        int ret = __android_log_write(priority, tag_.c_str(), msg_output);
+        int retry_count = 0;
+        while ((ret == -11 /*EAGAIN*/) && (retry_count < SPDLOG_ANDROID_RETRIES))
+        {
+            details::os::sleep_for_millis(5);
+            ret = __android_log_write(priority, tag_.c_str(), msg_output);
+            retry_count++;
+        }
+
+        if (ret < 0)
+        {
+            throw spdlog_ex("__android_log_write() failed", ret);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override {}
+
+private:
+    static android_LogPriority convert_to_android_(spdlog::level::level_enum level)
+    {
+        switch (level)
+        {
+        case spdlog::level::trace:
+            return ANDROID_LOG_VERBOSE;
+        case spdlog::level::debug:
+            return ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG;
+        case spdlog::level::info:
+            return ANDROID_LOG_INFO;
+        case spdlog::level::warn:
+            return ANDROID_LOG_WARN;
+        case spdlog::level::err:
+            return ANDROID_LOG_ERROR;
+        case spdlog::level::critical:
+            return ANDROID_LOG_FATAL;
+        default:
+            return ANDROID_LOG_DEFAULT;
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::string tag_;
+    bool use_raw_msg_;
+};
+
+using android_sink_mt = android_sink<std::mutex>;
+using android_sink_st = android_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+} // namespace sinks
+
+// Create and register android syslog logger
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> android_logger_mt(const std::string &logger_name, const std::string &tag = "spdlog")
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::android_sink_mt>(logger_name, tag);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> android_logger_st(const std::string &logger_name, const std::string &tag = "spdlog")
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::android_sink_st>(logger_name, tag);
+}
+
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/ansicolor_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/ansicolor_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3b79976da773d16c33af5cbc505130ceb0752093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/ansicolor_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2017 spdlog authors.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/console_globals.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/os.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+
+/**
+ * This sink prefixes the output with an ANSI escape sequence color code
+ * depending on the severity
+ * of the message.
+ * If no color terminal detected, omit the escape codes.
+ */
+template<typename TargetStream, class ConsoleMutex>
+class ansicolor_sink : public sink
+{
+public:
+    using mutex_t = typename ConsoleMutex::mutex_t;
+    ansicolor_sink()
+        : target_file_(TargetStream::stream())
+        , mutex_(ConsoleMutex::mutex())
+
+    {
+        should_do_colors_ = details::os::in_terminal(target_file_) && details::os::is_color_terminal();
+        colors_[level::trace] = white;
+        colors_[level::debug] = cyan;
+        colors_[level::info] = green;
+        colors_[level::warn] = yellow + bold;
+        colors_[level::err] = red + bold;
+        colors_[level::critical] = bold + on_red;
+        colors_[level::off] = reset;
+    }
+
+    ~ansicolor_sink() override = default;
+
+    ansicolor_sink(const ansicolor_sink &other) = delete;
+    ansicolor_sink &operator=(const ansicolor_sink &other) = delete;
+
+    void set_color(level::level_enum color_level, const std::string &color)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        colors_[color_level] = color;
+    }
+
+    /// Formatting codes
+    const std::string reset = "\033[m";
+    const std::string bold = "\033[1m";
+    const std::string dark = "\033[2m";
+    const std::string underline = "\033[4m";
+    const std::string blink = "\033[5m";
+    const std::string reverse = "\033[7m";
+    const std::string concealed = "\033[8m";
+    const std::string clear_line = "\033[K";
+
+    // Foreground colors
+    const std::string black = "\033[30m";
+    const std::string red = "\033[31m";
+    const std::string green = "\033[32m";
+    const std::string yellow = "\033[33m";
+    const std::string blue = "\033[34m";
+    const std::string magenta = "\033[35m";
+    const std::string cyan = "\033[36m";
+    const std::string white = "\033[37m";
+
+    /// Background colors
+    const std::string on_black = "\033[40m";
+    const std::string on_red = "\033[41m";
+    const std::string on_green = "\033[42m";
+    const std::string on_yellow = "\033[43m";
+    const std::string on_blue = "\033[44m";
+    const std::string on_magenta = "\033[45m";
+    const std::string on_cyan = "\033[46m";
+    const std::string on_white = "\033[47m";
+
+    void log(const details::log_msg &msg) SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        // Wrap the originally formatted message in color codes.
+        // If color is not supported in the terminal, log as is instead.
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        if (should_do_colors_ && msg.color_range_end > msg.color_range_start)
+        {
+            // before color range
+            print_range_(formatted, 0, msg.color_range_start);
+            // in color range
+            print_ccode_(colors_[msg.level]);
+            print_range_(formatted, msg.color_range_start, msg.color_range_end);
+            print_ccode_(reset);
+            // after color range
+            print_range_(formatted, msg.color_range_end, formatted.size());
+        }
+        else // no color
+        {
+            print_range_(formatted, 0, formatted.size());
+        }
+        fflush(target_file_);
+    }
+
+    void flush() SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        fflush(target_file_);
+    }
+
+    void set_pattern(const std::string &pattern) override SPDLOG_FINAL
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter>(new pattern_formatter(pattern));
+    }
+
+    void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> sink_formatter) override SPDLOG_FINAL
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::move(sink_formatter);
+    }
+
+private:
+    void print_ccode_(const std::string &color_code)
+    {
+        fwrite(color_code.data(), sizeof(char), color_code.size(), target_file_);
+    }
+    void print_range_(const fmt::memory_buffer &formatted, size_t start, size_t end)
+    {
+        fwrite(formatted.data() + start, sizeof(char), end - start, target_file_);
+    }
+
+    FILE *target_file_;
+    mutex_t &mutex_;
+
+    bool should_do_colors_;
+    std::unordered_map<level::level_enum, std::string, level::level_hasher> colors_;
+};
+
+using ansicolor_stdout_sink_mt = ansicolor_sink<details::console_stdout, details::console_mutex>;
+using ansicolor_stdout_sink_st = ansicolor_sink<details::console_stdout, details::console_nullmutex>;
+
+using ansicolor_stderr_sink_mt = ansicolor_sink<details::console_stderr, details::console_mutex>;
+using ansicolor_stderr_sink_st = ansicolor_sink<details::console_stderr, details::console_nullmutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a3821bcce0df4713163f15806ae725279d158f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+//
+// base sink templated over a mutex (either dummy or real)
+// concrete implementation should override the sink_it_() and flush_()  methods.
+// locking is taken care of in this class - no locking needed by the
+// implementers..
+//
+
+#include "spdlog/common.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/log_msg.h"
+#include "spdlog/formatter.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/sink.h"
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+template<typename Mutex>
+class base_sink : public sink
+{
+public:
+    base_sink()
+        : sink()
+    {
+    }
+
+    base_sink(const base_sink &) = delete;
+    base_sink &operator=(const base_sink &) = delete;
+
+    void log(const details::log_msg &msg) SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<Mutex> lock(mutex_);
+        sink_it_(msg);
+    }
+
+    void flush() SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<Mutex> lock(mutex_);
+        flush_();
+    }
+
+    void set_pattern(const std::string &pattern) SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<Mutex> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter>(new pattern_formatter(pattern));
+    }
+
+    void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> sink_formatter) SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<Mutex> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::move(sink_formatter);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    virtual void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) = 0;
+    virtual void flush_() = 0;
+    Mutex mutex_;
+};
+} // namespace sinks
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5db38e8af112f5a1fb96544acf85e998d627447a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/basic_file_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015-2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+#include "spdlog/details/file_helper.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+/*
+ * Trivial file sink with single file as target
+ */
+template<typename Mutex>
+class basic_file_sink SPDLOG_FINAL : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    explicit basic_file_sink(const filename_t &filename, bool truncate = false)
+    {
+        file_helper_.open(filename, truncate);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        sink::formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        file_helper_.write(formatted);
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override
+    {
+        file_helper_.flush();
+    }
+
+private:
+    details::file_helper file_helper_;
+};
+
+using basic_file_sink_mt = basic_file_sink<std::mutex>;
+using basic_file_sink_st = basic_file_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+
+//
+// factory functions
+//
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> basic_logger_mt(const std::string &logger_name, const filename_t &filename, bool truncate = false)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::basic_file_sink_mt>(logger_name, filename, truncate);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> basic_logger_st(const std::string &logger_name, const filename_t &filename, bool truncate = false)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::basic_file_sink_st>(logger_name, filename, truncate);
+}
+
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/daily_file_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/daily_file_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..940d55d491840c1047edf08b3c5f1ec8122fdc3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/daily_file_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+#include "spdlog/details/file_helper.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+
+/*
+ * Generator of daily log file names in format basename.YYYY-MM-DD.ext
+ */
+struct daily_filename_calculator
+{
+    // Create filename for the form basename.YYYY-MM-DD
+    static filename_t calc_filename(const filename_t &filename, const tm &now_tm)
+    {
+        filename_t basename, ext;
+        std::tie(basename, ext) = details::file_helper::split_by_extenstion(filename);
+        std::conditional<std::is_same<filename_t::value_type, char>::value, fmt::memory_buffer, fmt::wmemory_buffer>::type w;
+        fmt::format_to(
+            w, SPDLOG_FILENAME_T("{}_{:04d}-{:02d}-{:02d}{}"), basename, now_tm.tm_year + 1900, now_tm.tm_mon + 1, now_tm.tm_mday, ext);
+        return fmt::to_string(w);
+    }
+};
+
+/*
+ * Rotating file sink based on date. rotates at midnight
+ */
+template<typename Mutex, typename FileNameCalc = daily_filename_calculator>
+class daily_file_sink SPDLOG_FINAL : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    // create daily file sink which rotates on given time
+    daily_file_sink(filename_t base_filename, int rotation_hour, int rotation_minute, bool truncate = false)
+        : base_filename_(std::move(base_filename))
+        , rotation_h_(rotation_hour)
+        , rotation_m_(rotation_minute)
+        , truncate_(truncate)
+    {
+        if (rotation_hour < 0 || rotation_hour > 23 || rotation_minute < 0 || rotation_minute > 59)
+        {
+            throw spdlog_ex("daily_file_sink: Invalid rotation time in ctor");
+        }
+        auto now = log_clock::now();
+        file_helper_.open(FileNameCalc::calc_filename(base_filename_, now_tm(now)), truncate_);
+        rotation_tp_ = next_rotation_tp_();
+    }
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+
+        if (msg.time >= rotation_tp_)
+        {
+            file_helper_.open(FileNameCalc::calc_filename(base_filename_, now_tm(msg.time)), truncate_);
+            rotation_tp_ = next_rotation_tp_();
+        }
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        sink::formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        file_helper_.write(formatted);
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override
+    {
+        file_helper_.flush();
+    }
+
+private:
+    tm now_tm(log_clock::time_point tp)
+    {
+        time_t tnow = log_clock::to_time_t(tp);
+        return spdlog::details::os::localtime(tnow);
+    }
+
+    log_clock::time_point next_rotation_tp_()
+    {
+        auto now = log_clock::now();
+        tm date = now_tm(now);
+        date.tm_hour = rotation_h_;
+        date.tm_min = rotation_m_;
+        date.tm_sec = 0;
+        auto rotation_time = log_clock::from_time_t(std::mktime(&date));
+        if (rotation_time > now)
+        {
+            return rotation_time;
+        }
+        return {rotation_time + std::chrono::hours(24)};
+    }
+
+    filename_t base_filename_;
+    int rotation_h_;
+    int rotation_m_;
+    log_clock::time_point rotation_tp_;
+    details::file_helper file_helper_;
+    bool truncate_;
+};
+
+using daily_file_sink_mt = daily_file_sink<std::mutex>;
+using daily_file_sink_st = daily_file_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+
+//
+// factory functions
+//
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> daily_logger_mt(
+    const std::string &logger_name, const filename_t &filename, int hour = 0, int minute = 0, bool truncate = false)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::daily_file_sink_mt>(logger_name, filename, hour, minute, truncate);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> daily_logger_st(
+    const std::string &logger_name, const filename_t &filename, int hour = 0, int minute = 0, bool truncate = false)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::daily_file_sink_st>(logger_name, filename, hour, minute, truncate);
+}
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/dist_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/dist_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8d2f6f9e3bf15f478fdf038b4cdfbf019343db22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/dist_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2015 David Schury, Gabi Melman
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "base_sink.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/log_msg.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <vector>
+
+// Distribution sink (mux). Stores a vector of sinks which get called when log
+// is called
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+
+template<typename Mutex>
+class dist_sink : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    dist_sink() = default;
+    dist_sink(const dist_sink &) = delete;
+    dist_sink &operator=(const dist_sink &) = delete;
+
+    void add_sink(std::shared_ptr<sink> sink)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<Mutex> lock(base_sink<Mutex>::mutex_);
+        sinks_.push_back(sink);
+    }
+
+    void remove_sink(std::shared_ptr<sink> sink)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<Mutex> lock(base_sink<Mutex>::mutex_);
+        sinks_.erase(std::remove(sinks_.begin(), sinks_.end(), sink), sinks_.end());
+    }
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+
+        for (auto &sink : sinks_)
+        {
+            if (sink->should_log(msg.level))
+            {
+                sink->log(msg);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override
+    {
+        for (auto &sink : sinks_)
+            sink->flush();
+    }
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<sink>> sinks_;
+};
+
+using dist_sink_mt = dist_sink<std::mutex>;
+using dist_sink_st = dist_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/msvc_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/msvc_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a02849607685e07ac56db6ff57ee5db729728d9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/msvc_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2016 Alexander Dalshov.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+
+#include <winbase.h>
+
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+/*
+ * MSVC sink (logging using OutputDebugStringA)
+ */
+template<typename Mutex>
+class msvc_sink : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    explicit msvc_sink() {}
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        sink::formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        OutputDebugStringA(fmt::to_string(formatted).c_str());
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override {}
+};
+
+using msvc_sink_mt = msvc_sink<std::mutex>;
+using msvc_sink_st = msvc_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+
+using windebug_sink_mt = msvc_sink_mt;
+using windebug_sink_st = msvc_sink_st;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+} // namespace spdlog
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/null_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/null_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..73b8c2b7afb8254e10c02fc029803d559b89d5c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/null_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+
+template<typename Mutex>
+class null_sink : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &) override {}
+    void flush_() override {}
+};
+
+using null_sink_mt = null_sink<std::mutex>;
+using null_sink_st = null_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/ostream_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/ostream_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5f31993c67023cf239cb35d4413e359c570cb3a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/ostream_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+
+#include <mutex>
+#include <ostream>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+template<typename Mutex>
+class ostream_sink SPDLOG_FINAL : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    explicit ostream_sink(std::ostream &os, bool force_flush = false)
+        : ostream_(os)
+        , force_flush_(force_flush)
+    {
+    }
+    ostream_sink(const ostream_sink &) = delete;
+    ostream_sink &operator=(const ostream_sink &) = delete;
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        sink::formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        ostream_.write(formatted.data(), formatted.size());
+        if (force_flush_)
+            ostream_.flush();
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override
+    {
+        ostream_.flush();
+    }
+
+    std::ostream &ostream_;
+    bool force_flush_;
+};
+
+using ostream_sink_mt = ostream_sink<std::mutex>;
+using ostream_sink_st = ostream_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/rotating_file_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/rotating_file_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7ed2385a50108f3eb23e0a2017e98fe28e16860d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/rotating_file_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+#include "spdlog/details/file_helper.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/fmt/fmt.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+
+//
+// Rotating file sink based on size
+//
+template<typename Mutex>
+class rotating_file_sink SPDLOG_FINAL : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    rotating_file_sink(filename_t base_filename, std::size_t max_size, std::size_t max_files)
+        : base_filename_(std::move(base_filename))
+        , max_size_(max_size)
+        , max_files_(max_files)
+    {
+        file_helper_.open(calc_filename(base_filename_, 0));
+        current_size_ = file_helper_.size(); // expensive. called only once
+    }
+
+    // calc filename according to index and file extension if exists.
+    // e.g. calc_filename("logs/mylog.txt, 3) => "logs/mylog.3.txt".
+    static filename_t calc_filename(const filename_t &filename, std::size_t index)
+    {
+        typename std::conditional<std::is_same<filename_t::value_type, char>::value, fmt::memory_buffer, fmt::wmemory_buffer>::type w;
+        if (index != 0u)
+        {
+            filename_t basename, ext;
+            std::tie(basename, ext) = details::file_helper::split_by_extenstion(filename);
+            fmt::format_to(w, SPDLOG_FILENAME_T("{}.{}{}"), basename, index, ext);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            fmt::format_to(w, SPDLOG_FILENAME_T("{}"), filename);
+        }
+        return fmt::to_string(w);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        sink::formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        current_size_ += formatted.size();
+        if (current_size_ > max_size_)
+        {
+            rotate_();
+            current_size_ = formatted.size();
+        }
+        file_helper_.write(formatted);
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override
+    {
+        file_helper_.flush();
+    }
+
+private:
+    // Rotate files:
+    // log.txt -> log.1.txt
+    // log.1.txt -> log.2.txt
+    // log.2.txt -> log.3.txt
+    // log.3.txt -> delete
+    void rotate_()
+    {
+        using details::os::filename_to_str;
+        file_helper_.close();
+        for (auto i = max_files_; i > 0; --i)
+        {
+            filename_t src = calc_filename(base_filename_, i - 1);
+            filename_t target = calc_filename(base_filename_, i);
+
+            if (details::file_helper::file_exists(target))
+            {
+                if (details::os::remove(target) != 0)
+                {
+                    throw spdlog_ex("rotating_file_sink: failed removing " + filename_to_str(target), errno);
+                }
+            }
+            if (details::file_helper::file_exists(src) && details::os::rename(src, target) != 0)
+            {
+                // if failed try again after small delay.
+                // this is a workaround to a windows issue, where very high rotation
+                // rates sometimes fail (because of antivirus?).
+                details::os::sleep_for_millis(20);
+                details::os::remove(target);
+                if (details::os::rename(src, target) != 0)
+                {
+                    throw spdlog_ex(
+                        "rotating_file_sink: failed renaming " + filename_to_str(src) + " to " + filename_to_str(target), errno);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        file_helper_.reopen(true);
+    }
+
+    filename_t base_filename_;
+    std::size_t max_size_;
+    std::size_t max_files_;
+    std::size_t current_size_;
+    details::file_helper file_helper_;
+};
+
+using rotating_file_sink_mt = rotating_file_sink<std::mutex>;
+using rotating_file_sink_st = rotating_file_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+
+//
+// factory functions
+//
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> rotating_logger_mt(
+    const std::string &logger_name, const filename_t &filename, size_t max_file_size, size_t max_files)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::rotating_file_sink_mt>(logger_name, filename, max_file_size, max_files);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> rotating_logger_st(
+    const std::string &logger_name, const filename_t &filename, size_t max_file_size, size_t max_files)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::rotating_file_sink_st>(logger_name, filename, max_file_size, max_files);
+}
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..288d54389eaa2cde4d937d1913653c8c73e38d48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/log_msg.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/pattern_formatter.h"
+#include "spdlog/formatter.h"
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+class sink
+{
+public:
+    sink()
+        : level_(level::trace)
+        , formatter_(new pattern_formatter("%+"))
+    {
+    }
+
+    sink(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::pattern_formatter> formatter)
+        : level_(level::trace)
+        , formatter_(std::move(formatter)){};
+
+    virtual ~sink() = default;
+    virtual void log(const details::log_msg &msg) = 0;
+    virtual void flush() = 0;
+    virtual void set_pattern(const std::string &pattern) = 0;
+    virtual void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> sink_formatter) = 0;
+
+    bool should_log(level::level_enum msg_level) const
+    {
+        return msg_level >= level_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    }
+
+    void set_level(level::level_enum log_level)
+    {
+        level_.store(log_level);
+    }
+
+    level::level_enum level() const
+    {
+        return static_cast<spdlog::level::level_enum>(level_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
+    }
+
+protected:
+    // sink log level - default is all
+    level_t level_;
+
+    // sink formatter - default is full format
+    std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> formatter_;
+};
+
+} // namespace sinks
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..761e32a4b50d6c4cfe2d459393717b95896bf9b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_color_sinks.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2018 spdlog
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include "spdlog/sinks/wincolor_sink.h"
+#else
+#include "spdlog/sinks/ansicolor_sink.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+using stdout_color_sink_mt = wincolor_stdout_sink_mt;
+using stdout_color_sink_st = wincolor_stdout_sink_st;
+using stderr_color_sink_mt = wincolor_stderr_sink_mt;
+using stderr_color_sink_st = wincolor_stderr_sink_st;
+#else
+using stdout_color_sink_mt = ansicolor_stdout_sink_mt;
+using stdout_color_sink_st = ansicolor_stdout_sink_st;
+using stderr_color_sink_mt = ansicolor_stderr_sink_mt;
+using stderr_color_sink_st = ansicolor_stderr_sink_st;
+#endif
+} // namespace sinks
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stdout_color_mt(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stdout_color_sink_mt>(logger_name);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stdout_color_st(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stdout_color_sink_st>(logger_name);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stderr_color_mt(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stderr_color_sink_mt>(logger_name);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stderr_color_st(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stderr_color_sink_mt>(logger_name);
+}
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_sinks.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_sinks.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..64c0ab70ab31d96c3182c74f863554c617430740
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/stdout_sinks.h
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/details/console_globals.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <spdlog/details/console_globals.h>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+
+namespace sinks {
+
+template<typename TargetStream, typename ConsoleMutex>
+class stdout_sink : public sink
+{
+public:
+    using mutex_t = typename ConsoleMutex::mutex_t;
+    stdout_sink()
+        : mutex_(ConsoleMutex::mutex())
+        , file_(TargetStream::stream())
+    {
+    }
+    ~stdout_sink() = default;
+
+    stdout_sink(const stdout_sink &other) = delete;
+    stdout_sink &operator=(const stdout_sink &other) = delete;
+
+    void log(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        fwrite(formatted.data(), sizeof(char), formatted.size(), file_);
+        fflush(TargetStream::stream());
+    }
+
+    void flush() override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        fflush(file_);
+    }
+
+    void set_pattern(const std::string &pattern) override SPDLOG_FINAL
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter>(new pattern_formatter(pattern));
+    }
+
+    void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> sink_formatter) override SPDLOG_FINAL
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::move(sink_formatter);
+    }
+
+private:
+    mutex_t &mutex_;
+    FILE *file_;
+};
+
+using stdout_sink_mt = stdout_sink<details::console_stdout, details::console_mutex>;
+using stdout_sink_st = stdout_sink<details::console_stdout, details::console_nullmutex>;
+
+using stderr_sink_mt = stdout_sink<details::console_stderr, details::console_mutex>;
+using stderr_sink_st = stdout_sink<details::console_stderr, details::console_nullmutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+
+// factory methods
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stdout_logger_mt(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stdout_sink_mt>(logger_name);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stdout_logger_st(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stdout_sink_st>(logger_name);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stderr_logger_mt(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stderr_sink_mt>(logger_name);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> stderr_logger_st(const std::string &logger_name)
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::stderr_sink_st>(logger_name);
+}
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/syslog_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/syslog_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e171bf9acb32f938eb208c99c547f0da1188f144
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/syslog_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/sinks/base_sink.h"
+#include "spdlog/spdlog.h"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <string>
+#include <syslog.h>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+/**
+ * Sink that write to syslog using the `syscall()` library call.
+ *
+ * Locking is not needed, as `syslog()` itself is thread-safe.
+ */
+template<typename Mutex>
+class syslog_sink : public base_sink<Mutex>
+{
+public:
+    //
+    syslog_sink(const std::string &ident = "", int syslog_option = 0, int syslog_facility = LOG_USER)
+        : ident_(ident)
+    {
+        priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(level::trace)] = LOG_DEBUG;
+        priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(level::debug)] = LOG_DEBUG;
+        priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(level::info)] = LOG_INFO;
+        priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(level::warn)] = LOG_WARNING;
+        priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(level::err)] = LOG_ERR;
+        priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(level::critical)] = LOG_CRIT;
+        priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(level::off)] = LOG_INFO;
+
+        // set ident to be program name if empty
+        ::openlog(ident_.empty() ? nullptr : ident_.c_str(), syslog_option, syslog_facility);
+    }
+
+    ~syslog_sink() override
+    {
+        ::closelog();
+    }
+
+    syslog_sink(const syslog_sink &) = delete;
+    syslog_sink &operator=(const syslog_sink &) = delete;
+
+protected:
+    void sink_it_(const details::log_msg &msg) override
+    {
+        ::syslog(syslog_prio_from_level(msg), "%s", fmt::to_string(msg.raw).c_str());
+    }
+
+    void flush_() override {}
+
+private:
+    std::array<int, 7> priorities_;
+    // must store the ident because the man says openlog might use the pointer as
+    // is and not a string copy
+    const std::string ident_;
+
+    //
+    // Simply maps spdlog's log level to syslog priority level.
+    //
+    int syslog_prio_from_level(const details::log_msg &msg) const
+    {
+        return priorities_[static_cast<size_t>(msg.level)];
+    }
+};
+
+using syslog_sink_mt = syslog_sink<std::mutex>;
+using syslog_sink_st = syslog_sink<details::null_mutex>;
+} // namespace sinks
+
+// Create and register a syslog logger
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> syslog_logger_mt(
+    const std::string &logger_name, const std::string &syslog_ident = "", int syslog_option = 0, int syslog_facility = (1 << 3))
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::syslog_sink_mt>(logger_name, syslog_ident, syslog_option, syslog_facility);
+}
+
+template<typename Factory = default_factory>
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> syslog_logger_st(
+    const std::string &logger_name, const std::string &syslog_ident = "", int syslog_option = 0, int syslog_facility = (1 << 3))
+{
+    return Factory::template create<sinks::syslog_sink_st>(logger_name, syslog_ident, syslog_option, syslog_facility);
+}
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/sinks/wincolor_sink.h b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/wincolor_sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8c63e7fcc5930c57db2dfad656798d8d315402f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/sinks/wincolor_sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2016 spdlog
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/common.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/console_globals.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/null_mutex.h"
+#include "spdlog/sinks/sink.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <wincon.h>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+namespace sinks {
+/*
+ * Windows color console sink. Uses WriteConsoleA to write to the console with
+ * colors
+ */
+template<typename OutHandle, typename ConsoleMutex>
+class wincolor_sink : public sink
+{
+public:
+    const WORD BOLD = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;
+    const WORD RED = FOREGROUND_RED;
+    const WORD GREEN = FOREGROUND_GREEN;
+    const WORD CYAN = FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE;
+    const WORD WHITE = FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE;
+    const WORD YELLOW = FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN;
+
+    wincolor_sink()
+        : out_handle_(OutHandle::handle())
+        , mutex_(ConsoleMutex::mutex())
+    {
+        colors_[level::trace] = WHITE;
+        colors_[level::debug] = CYAN;
+        colors_[level::info] = GREEN;
+        colors_[level::warn] = YELLOW | BOLD;
+        colors_[level::err] = RED | BOLD;                         // red bold
+        colors_[level::critical] = BACKGROUND_RED | WHITE | BOLD; // white bold on red background
+        colors_[level::off] = 0;
+    }
+
+    ~wincolor_sink() override
+    {
+        this->flush();
+    }
+
+    wincolor_sink(const wincolor_sink &other) = delete;
+    wincolor_sink &operator=(const wincolor_sink &other) = delete;
+
+    // change the color for the given level
+    void set_color(level::level_enum level, WORD color)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        colors_[level] = color;
+    }
+
+    void log(const details::log_msg &msg) SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        fmt::memory_buffer formatted;
+        formatter_->format(msg, formatted);
+        if (msg.color_range_end > msg.color_range_start)
+        {
+            // before color range
+            print_range_(formatted, 0, msg.color_range_start);
+
+            // in color range
+            auto orig_attribs = set_console_attribs(colors_[msg.level]);
+            print_range_(formatted, msg.color_range_start, msg.color_range_end);
+            ::SetConsoleTextAttribute(out_handle_,
+                orig_attribs); // reset to orig colors
+                               // after color range
+            print_range_(formatted, msg.color_range_end, formatted.size());
+        }
+        else // print without colors if color range is invalid
+        {
+            print_range_(formatted, 0, formatted.size());
+        }
+    }
+
+    void flush() SPDLOG_FINAL override
+    {
+        // windows console always flushed?
+    }
+
+    void set_pattern(const std::string &pattern) override SPDLOG_FINAL
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter>(new pattern_formatter(pattern));
+    }
+
+    void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> sink_formatter) override SPDLOG_FINAL
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<mutex_t> lock(mutex_);
+        formatter_ = std::move(sink_formatter);
+    }
+
+private:
+    using mutex_t = typename ConsoleMutex::mutex_t;
+    // set color and return the orig console attributes (for resetting later)
+    WORD set_console_attribs(WORD attribs)
+    {
+        CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO orig_buffer_info;
+        ::GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(out_handle_, &orig_buffer_info);
+        WORD back_color = orig_buffer_info.wAttributes;
+        // retrieve the current background color
+        back_color &= static_cast<WORD>(~(FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY));
+        // keep the background color unchanged
+        ::SetConsoleTextAttribute(out_handle_, attribs | back_color);
+        return orig_buffer_info.wAttributes; // return orig attribs
+    }
+
+    // print a range of formatted message to console
+    void print_range_(const fmt::memory_buffer &formatted, size_t start, size_t end)
+    {
+        auto size = static_cast<DWORD>(end - start);
+        ::WriteConsoleA(out_handle_, formatted.data() + start, size, nullptr, nullptr);
+    }
+
+    HANDLE out_handle_;
+    mutex_t &mutex_;
+    std::unordered_map<level::level_enum, WORD, level::level_hasher> colors_;
+};
+
+using wincolor_stdout_sink_mt = wincolor_sink<details::console_stdout, details::console_mutex>;
+using wincolor_stdout_sink_st = wincolor_sink<details::console_stdout, details::console_nullmutex>;
+
+using wincolor_stderr_sink_mt = wincolor_sink<details::console_stderr, details::console_mutex>;
+using wincolor_stderr_sink_st = wincolor_sink<details::console_stderr, details::console_nullmutex>;
+
+} // namespace sinks
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/spdlog.h b/src/include/spdlog/spdlog.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2963a2a091f632921e54a32f21e9f9fc847ca201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/spdlog.h
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015-2018 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+// spdlog main header file.
+// see example.cpp for usage example
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "spdlog/common.h"
+#include "spdlog/details/registry.h"
+#include "spdlog/logger.h"
+#include "spdlog/version.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace spdlog {
+
+// Default logger factory-  creates synchronous loggers
+struct synchronous_factory
+{
+    template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
+
+    static std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&... args)
+    {
+        auto sink = std::make_shared<Sink>(std::forward<SinkArgs>(args)...);
+        auto new_logger = std::make_shared<logger>(std::move(logger_name), std::move(sink));
+        details::registry::instance().register_and_init(new_logger);
+        return new_logger;
+    }
+};
+
+using default_factory = synchronous_factory;
+
+// Create and register a logger with a templated sink type
+// The logger's level, formatter and flush level will be set according the
+// global settings.
+// Example:
+// spdlog::create<daily_file_sink_st>("logger_name", "dailylog_filename", 11, 59);
+template<typename Sink, typename... SinkArgs>
+inline std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> create(std::string logger_name, SinkArgs &&... sink_args)
+{
+    return default_factory::create<Sink>(std::move(logger_name), std::forward<SinkArgs>(sink_args)...);
+}
+
+// Return an existing logger or nullptr if a logger with such name doesn't
+// exist.
+// example: spdlog::get("my_logger")->info("hello {}", "world");
+inline std::shared_ptr<logger> get(const std::string &name)
+{
+    return details::registry::instance().get(name);
+}
+
+// Set global formatter. Each sink in each logger will get a clone of this object
+inline void set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter> formatter)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().set_formatter(std::move(formatter));
+}
+
+// Set global format string.
+// example: spdlog::set_pattern("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%e %l : %v");
+inline void set_pattern(std::string pattern, pattern_time_type time_type = pattern_time_type::local)
+{
+    set_formatter(std::unique_ptr<spdlog::formatter>(new pattern_formatter(pattern, time_type)));
+}
+
+// Set global logging level
+inline void set_level(level::level_enum log_level)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().set_level(log_level);
+}
+
+// Set global flush level
+inline void flush_on(level::level_enum log_level)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().flush_on(log_level);
+}
+
+// Start/Restart a periodic flusher thread
+// Warning: Use only if all your loggers are thread safe!
+inline void flush_every(std::chrono::seconds interval)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().flush_every(interval);
+}
+
+// Set global error handler
+inline void set_error_handler(log_err_handler handler)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().set_error_handler(std::move(handler));
+}
+
+// Register the given logger with the given name
+inline void register_logger(std::shared_ptr<logger> logger)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().register_logger(std::move(logger));
+}
+
+// Apply a user defined function on all registered loggers
+// Example:
+// spdlog::apply_all([&](std::shared_ptr<spdlog::logger> l) {l->flush();});
+inline void apply_all(std::function<void(std::shared_ptr<logger>)> fun)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().apply_all(std::move(fun));
+}
+
+// Drop the reference to the given logger
+inline void drop(const std::string &name)
+{
+    details::registry::instance().drop(name);
+}
+
+// Drop all references from the registry
+inline void drop_all()
+{
+    details::registry::instance().drop_all();
+}
+
+// stop any running threads started by spdlog and clean registry loggers
+inline void shutdown()
+{
+    details::registry::instance().shutdown();
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Trace & Debug can be switched on/off at compile time for zero cost debug
+// statements.
+// Uncomment SPDLOG_DEBUG_ON/SPDLOG_TRACE_ON in tweakme.h to enable.
+// SPDLOG_TRACE(..) will also print current file and line.
+//
+// Example:
+// spdlog::set_level(spdlog::level::trace);
+// SPDLOG_TRACE(my_logger, "some trace message");
+// SPDLOG_TRACE(my_logger, "another trace message {} {}", 1, 2);
+// SPDLOG_DEBUG(my_logger, "some debug message {} {}", 3, 4);
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#ifdef SPDLOG_TRACE_ON
+#define SPDLOG_STR_H(x) #x
+#define SPDLOG_STR_HELPER(x) SPDLOG_STR_H(x)
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define SPDLOG_TRACE(logger, ...) logger->trace("[ " __FILE__ "(" SPDLOG_STR_HELPER(__LINE__) ") ] " __VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_TRACE(logger, ...)                                                                                                          \
+    logger->trace("[ " __FILE__ ":" SPDLOG_STR_HELPER(__LINE__) " ]"                                                                       \
+                                                                " " __VA_ARGS__)
+#endif
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_TRACE(logger, ...) (void)0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SPDLOG_DEBUG_ON
+#define SPDLOG_DEBUG(logger, ...) logger->debug(__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define SPDLOG_DEBUG(logger, ...) (void)0
+#endif
+
+} // namespace spdlog
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/tweakme.h b/src/include/spdlog/tweakme.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..53256450c6d10265542db37dbfd33b0fd719de2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/tweakme.h
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Edit this file to squeeze more performance, and to customize supported
+// features
+//
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Under Linux, the much faster CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE clock can be used.
+// This clock is less accurate - can be off by dozens of millis - depending on
+// the kernel HZ.
+// Uncomment to use it instead of the regular clock.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_CLOCK_COARSE
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment if date/time logging is not needed and never appear in the log
+// pattern.
+// This will prevent spdlog from querying the clock on each log call.
+//
+// WARNING: If the log pattern contains any date/time while this flag is on, the
+// result is undefined.
+//          You must set new pattern(spdlog::set_pattern(..") without any
+//          date/time in it
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_NO_DATETIME
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment if thread id logging is not needed (i.e. no %t in the log pattern).
+// This will prevent spdlog from querying the thread id on each log call.
+//
+// WARNING: If the log pattern contains thread id (i.e, %t) while this flag is
+// on, the result is undefined.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_NO_THREAD_ID
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to prevent spdlog from caching thread ids in thread local storage.
+// By default spdlog saves thread ids in tls to gain a few micros for each call.
+//
+// WARNING: if your program forks, UNCOMMENT this flag to prevent undefined
+// thread ids in the children logs.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_DISABLE_TID_CACHING
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment if logger name logging is not needed.
+// This will prevent spdlog from copying the logger name on each log call.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_NO_NAME
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to enable the SPDLOG_DEBUG/SPDLOG_TRACE macros.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_DEBUG_ON
+// #define SPDLOG_TRACE_ON
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to avoid spdlog's usage of atomic log levels
+// Use only if your code never modifies a logger's log levels concurrently by
+// different threads.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_NO_ATOMIC_LEVELS
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to enable usage of wchar_t for file names on Windows.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_WCHAR_FILENAMES
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to override default eol ("\n" or "\r\n" under Linux/Windows)
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_EOL ";-)\n"
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to use your own copy of the fmt library instead of spdlog's copy.
+// In this case spdlog will try to include <fmt/format.h> so set your -I flag
+// accordingly.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to enable wchar_t support (convert to utf8)
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_WCHAR_TO_UTF8_SUPPORT
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to prevent child processes from inheriting log file descriptors
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_PREVENT_CHILD_FD
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment if your compiler doesn't support the "final" keyword.
+// The final keyword allows more optimizations in release
+// mode with recent compilers. See GCC's documentation for -Wsuggest-final-types
+// for instance.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_NO_FINAL
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to enable message counting feature.
+// Use the %i in the logger pattern to display log message sequence id.
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_ENABLE_MESSAGE_COUNTER
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Uncomment to customize level names (e.g. "MT TRACE")
+//
+// #define SPDLOG_LEVEL_NAMES { "MY TRACE", "MY DEBUG", "MY INFO", "MY WARNING",
+// "MY ERROR", "MY CRITICAL", "OFF" }
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
diff --git a/src/include/spdlog/version.h b/src/include/spdlog/version.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..729fcba082a0c8a0e42e7360e4d1004a7f0a2795
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/spdlog/version.h
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//
+// Copyright(c) 2015 Gabi Melman.
+// Distributed under the MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#define SPDLOG_VER_MAJOR 1
+#define SPDLOG_VER_MINOR 0
+#define SPDLOG_VER_PATCH 0
+
+#define SPDLOG_VERSION (SPDLOG_VER_MAJOR * 10000 + SPDLOG_VER_MINOR * 100 + SPDLOG_VER_PATCH)